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Intercropping of rice varieties increases the eff iciency of blast control through reduced disease occurrence and variability

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第4期15卷 795-802页

作者： HAN Guang-yu LANG jie sun Yan WANG Yun-yue ZHU You-yong LU Bao-rong The Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control Ministry of EducationCollege of Plant Protection Yunnan Agricultural University Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Ministry of EducationInstitute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University

Creating a crop-heterogeneous system by intraspecific mixtures of different rice varieties can substantially reduce blast diseases. Such variety mixtures provide an ecological approach for effective disease control, maintaining high yields with the minimum fungicide applications. Whether such an approach is universally applicable for random rice variety combinations and what is the variation pattern of the diseases under intercropping still remains unclear. We conducted two-year large-scale field experiments involving 47 rice varieties/lines and 98 variety-combinations to compare the occurrence of rice blast in monoculture and intercropping plots at multiple sites. In the experiments, the plant height of the selected tradi- tional varieties was about 30 cm taller, and their life cycle was 10 days longer, than that of the improved rice varieties. The monoculture included either traditional or modern rice varieties grown in separate plots. The intercropping included both traditional and modern rice varieties planted together in the same plots. Results from the field experiments under natural disease conditions demonstrated significant reduction for rice blast disease in intercropping plots, compared with that in monoculture plots. For traditional varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from -26% in monoculture to -10% in intercropping, and the disease severity reduced from -17 in monoculture to -5 in intercropping. For modern varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from -19% in monoculture to -10% in intercropping, and the severity from -10 in mono- culture to -4 in intercropping. Traditional rice varieties （-72%） had a much greater increase in the efficiency of disease control than modern varieties （-60%）. In addition, substantially lower values of variance in the blast incidence and severity was detected among the variety combinations in intercropping plots than in monoculture plots. Based on these results, we conclude that the intercropping or mixture

关键词： Oryza sativa cropping system disease suppression disease variation mixed-planting pure-planting cropheterogeneity

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Current Status of and Opinions on Heart Transplantation in China

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Current Medical Science 2021年第5期41卷 841-846页

作者： yong-feng sun Zhi-wen WANG Jing ZHANG jie CAI Feng SHI Nian-guo DONG Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China

The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on recent advances in heart transplantation in *** advances in pharmacologic and device treatment of chronic heart failure,long-term morbidity and mortality remain high,and many patients progress to end-stage heart *** transplantation has become standard treatment for selected patients with end-stage heart failure,though challenges still ***,multiple advances over the past few years will improve the survival and quality-of-life of heart transplant *** article elaborates on the specific characteristics of heart transplantation in China,the current issues,development trends,and related experiences with heart transplantation in Wuhan Union Hospital.

关键词： heart transplant China current status

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Liquid crystal of nanocellulose whiskers' grafted with acrylamide

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第3期23卷 367-370页

作者： jie Yang Dai yong Ye School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

12%acrylamide（AM） was grafted onto the surface of nanocellulose whiskers（NCW）,which was self-assembled to be the chiral nematic suspension at 3%*** acrylamide grafted NCW（AM-g-NCW） was characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）.The grafting ratio was measured by elemental *** degrees of crystallinity of the AM-g-NCW were measured by X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The liquid crystalline properties of the AM-g-NCW were investigated by the polarizing optical microscopy（POM）.The AM-g-NCW was found to self-assembly to be a lyotropic state.

关键词： Nanocellulose whiskers Acrylamide Surface grafting Liquid crystal

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Calculation method of existing tunnel displacement under action of support trolley in overlapping tunnel

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Yantu Lixue/Rock and Soil Mechanics 2020年 41卷 1-10页

作者： Wei, Gang Qi, yong-jie sun, Qiao Wu, Hua-Jun Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University City College Hangzhou 310015 China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 China The Architectural Design & Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co. Ltd. Hangzhou 310028 China Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College Yiwu 322000 China

The excavation of the upper tunnel in the overlapping section may cause the uplift of the lower tunnel, which is often reinforced by the support trolley. In order to study the influence of the upper shield excavation of the overlap section on the vertical displacement of the lower existing tunnel, the reinforcement and weight of the supporting trolley were comprehensively considered. In view of the uneven rigidity of the existing tunnel along the longitudinal direction, a calculation model of the vertical deformation of the tunnel with the uneven longitudinal rigidity was proposed. Moreover, a calculation formula of the vertical deformation of the existing tunnel was deduced. The influence of different clear distances and different additional loads on the vertical displacement of the tunnel was studied. The research results show that the results obtained by this calculation method are in good agreement with the results obtained by finite element simulation and other scholars. The uplift deformation of the existing tunnel is mainly concentrated in the range of 3.5 times the diameter before and after the excavation, and the length of the influence range is basically unchanged before and after the support trolley is installed, while the overall deformation area moves to the opposite direction of shield tunneling. The supporting trolley has limited effect on controlling the uplift deformation of the existing tunnel, while can effectively control the deformation of its cross section deformation. Moreover, increasing the clear distance can effectively reduce the uplift deformation of the existing tunnel, and reducing the burying depth of the upper shield z0 is more effective than increasing the burial depth h of the existing tunnel. Furthermore, additional weight can help control the deformation (heave or settlement), but too large weight may cause the existing tunnel to sink and deform before and after the excavation. © 2020, Science Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement

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Study on the propagation velocity of internal solitary waves in the Andaman Sea using Terra/Aqua-MODIS remote sensing images

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2195-2208页

作者： Lina sun jie ZHANG Junmin MENG First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

The Andaman Sea has been a classic study region for internal solitary waves(ISWs)for several decades,and extraordinarily large ISWs are characteristic of the Andaman Sea in the Indian *** paper presents results on the estimation of the propagation velocity of ISWs in the Andaman Sea that were tracked using 195 image pairs acquired by MODIS National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Terra/Aqua satellites between January 2014 and December 2018.A total of 562 ISWs were identified during the period,and the results of the propagation velocity distribution of ISWs in the Andaman Sea are *** estimated propagation velocity of ISWs agrees well with the theoretical results derived from the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation using monthly climatology stratification data and local *** ISW propagation velocity decreases as they propagate from deep to shallow water;the maximum propagation velocity of 3.27 m/s was estimated on the western side of the Nicobar Islands and minimum speed of 0.54 m/s occurred in the shallow water region of the southeastern Andaman *** results show that the ISW propagation characteristics differ in the northern,central,and southern regions of the Andaman *** the northern Andaman Sea,the velocity of ISWs propagating westward was greater than that of ISWs propagating eastward at the same water *** the central Andaman Sea,the propagation velocity of the ISWs differed over a small area at a depth of 2500 m,and the velocity of ISWs in the deep mixing layer in winter was higher than that in the shallow mixing layer in *** variations in ISW propagation velocity were analyzed in the southern Andaman Sea,and the velocity of ISWs differed greatly in shallow water and was not significantly different in deep *** depth and monthly stratification play vital roles in controlling the phase speed of ISWs in the Andaman *** study will provide a basis for the propagation and prediction of ISWs in the Anda

关键词： internal solitary waves propagation velocity remote sensing Andaman Sea

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Review of deep learning algorithms in molecular simulations and perspective applications on petroleum engineering

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 55-67页

作者： jie Liu Tao Zhang Shuyu sun Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE) Computational Transport Phenomena LaboratoryKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

In the last few decades,deep learning(DL)has afforded solutions to macroscopic problems in petroleum engineering,but mechanistic problems at the microscale have not benefited from *** studies have been the strong demands for the emerging projects,such as the gas storage and hydrate production,and for some problems encountered in the storage process,which are common found as the chemical interaction between injected gas and mineral,and the formation of *** advances in DL technology enable solving molecular dynamics(MD)with quantum *** conventional quantum chemical method is computational expensive,whereas the classical MD method cannot guarantee high accuracy because of its empirical force field *** the help of the DL force field,precision at the quantum chemistry level can be achieved in ***,the DL force field promotes the computational speed compared with first-principles *** this review,the basic knowledge of the molecular force field and deep neural network(DNN)is first ***,three representative opensource packages relevant to the DL force field are *** the most common components in the development of oil and gas reservoirs,water and methane are studied from the aspects of computational efficiency and chemical reaction respectively,providing the foundation of oil and gas ***,in the oil and gas problems,the complex molecular topo structures and various element types set a high challenge for the DL techniques in *** the computational efficiency,it needs improvement via GPU and parallel accelerations to compete with classical *** with such difficulties,the booming of this technique in the area of petroleum engineering can be predictable.

关键词： Deep neural network Molecular dynamics Force field Petroleum engineering

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New Continuum Observations of the Andromeda galaxy M31 with FAST

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第11期23卷 205-213页

作者： Wenjun Zhang Xiaohui sun jie Wang School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

We present a new total intensity image of M31 at 1.248 GHz,observed with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio telescope(FAST)with an angular resolution of 4'and a sensitivity of about 16 *** new FAST image clearly reveals weak emission outside the ring due to its high sensitivity on large-scale *** derive a scale length of 2.7 kpc for the cosmic ray electrons and find that the cosmic ray electrons propagate mainly through diffusion by comparing the scale length at 4.8 *** spectral index of the total intensity varies along the ring,which can be attributed to the variation of the spectra of synchrotron *** variation is likely caused by the change of star formation rates along the *** find that the azimuthal profile of the non-thermal emission can be interpreted by an axisymmetric large-scale magnetic field with varying pitch angle along the ring,indicating a complicated magnetic field configuration in M31.

关键词： galaxies:ISM galaxies:magnetic fields radiation mechanisms:general (ISM:)cosmic rays

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Mesomechanics coal experiment and an elastic-brittle damage model based on texture features

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第4期28卷 634-642页

作者： sun Chuanmeng Cao Shugang Li yong School of Electrical and Control Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China National Key Laboratory of Electronic Measurement Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Resources and Environmental Science Chongqi ng UniversityChongqing 400044China

To accurately describe damage within coal, digital image processing technology was used to determine texture parameters and obtain quantitative information related to coal meso-cracks. The relationship between damage and mesoscopic information for coal under compression was then analysed. The shape and distribution of damage were comprehensively considered in a defined damage variable, which was based on the texture characteristic. An elastic-brittle damage model based on the mesostructure information of coal was established. As a result, the damage model can appropriately and reliably replicate the processes of initiation, expansion, cut-through and eventual destruction of microscopic damage to coal under compression. After comparison, it was proved that the predicted overall stress-strain response of the model was comparable to the experimental result.

关键词： Mesomechanics experiment Image processing Texture feature Damage variable Damage model

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Thiolated arsenicals in arsenic metabolism: Occurrence,formation, and biological implications

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 59-73页

作者： Yuzhen sun Guangliang Liu yong Cai Institute of Environment and Health Jianghan University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry&Southeast Environmental Research Center Florida International University

Arsenic（As） is a notoriously toxic pollutant of health concern worldwide with potential risk of cancer induction, but meanwhile it is used as medicines for the treatment of different conditions including hematological cancers. Arsenic can undergo extensive metabolism in biological systems, and both toxicological and therapeutic effects of arsenic compounds are closely related to their metabolism. Recent studies have identified methylated thioarsenicals as a new class of arsenic metabolites in biological systems after exposure of inorganic and organic arsenicals, including arsenite, dimethylarsinic acid（DMAV）, dimethylarsinous glutathione（DMAIIIGS）, and arsenosugars. The increasing detection of thiolated arsenicals,including monomethylmonothioarsonic acid（MMMTAV）, dimethylmonothioarsinic acid（DMMTAV） and its glutathione conjugate（DMMTAVGS）, and dimethyldithioarsinic acid（DMDTAV） suggests that thioarsenicals may be important metabolites and play important roles in arsenic toxicity and therapeutic effects. Here we summarized the reported occurrence of thioarsenicals in biological systems, the possible formation pathways of thioarsenicals, and their toxicity, and discussed the biological implications of thioarsenicals on arsenic metabolism, toxicity, and therapeutic effects.

关键词： Arsenic Thioarsenicals Occurrence Formation pathways Toxicity

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SOCIAL MEDIA RESEARCH:A REVIEW

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2013年第3期22卷 257-282页

作者： Junjie WU Haoyan sun yong TAN School of Economics and Management Beihang University Michael G.Foster School of Business University of Washington

Social media is fundamentally changing the way people communicate, consume and collaborate. It provides companies a new platform to interact with their customers. In academia, there is a surge in research efforts on understanding its effects. This paper aims to provide a review of current status of social media research. We discuss the specific domains in which the impacts of social media have been examined. A brief review of applicable research methodologies and approaches is also provided.

关键词： social media empirical models experimental methods analytical approaches predictive analytics

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