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Are human dental papilla-derived stem cell and human brain-derived neural stem cell transplantations suitable for treatment of Parkinson’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第13期8卷 1190-1200页

作者： Hyung Ho yoon Joongkee Min Nari Shin yong Hwan Kim Jin-Mo Kim Yu-Shik Hwang Jun-Kyo Francis Suh Onyou Hwang Sang Ryong Jeon Department of Neurological Surgery Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Center for Bionics of Korea Institute of Science and Technology Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering Institute of Oral Biology School of Dentistry Kyung Hee University

Transplantation of neural stem cells has been reported as a possible approach for replacing impaired dopaminergic neurons. In this study, we tested the efficacy of early-stage human dental papilla-derived stem cells and human brain-derived neural stem cells in rat models of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson＇s disease. Rats received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into right medial forebrain bundle, followed 3 weeks later by injections of PBS, early-stage human dental papilla-derived stem cells, or human brain-derived neural stem cells into the ipsilateral striatum. All of the rats in the human dental papilla-derived stem cell group died from tumor formation at around 2 weeks following cell transplantation. Postmortem examinations revealed homogeneous malignant tumors in the striatum of the human dental papilla-derived stem cell group. Stepping tests revealed that human brain-derived neural stem cell transplantation did not improve motor dysfunction. In apomorphine-induced rotation tests, neither the human brain-derived neural stem cell group nor the control groups （PBS injection） demonstrated significant changes. Glucose metabolism in the lesioned side of striatum was reduced by human brain-derived neural stem cell transplantation. [18F]-FP-CIT PET scans in the striatum did not demonstrate a significant increase in the human brain-derived neural stem cell group. Tyrosine hydroxylase （dopaminergic neuronal marker） staining and G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 （A9 dopaminergic neuronal marker） were positive in the lesioned side of striatum in the human brain-derived neural stem cell group. The use of early-stage human dental papilla-derived stern cells confirmed its tendency to form tumors. Human brain-derived neural stem cells could be partially differentiated into dopaminergic neurons, but they did not secrete dopamine.

关键词： neural regeneration stern cells cell transplantation glucose metabolism human brain-derivedneural stem cells human dental papilla-derived stem cells Parkinson's disease positron emissiontomography grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents:risk factors and prevention

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第6期12卷 658-666页

作者： Eun Young Lee Kun-Ho yoon Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea Institute of Catholic Ubiquitous Health Care The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea

The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents (aged 2–18 years) has increased rapidly, with more than 100 million affected in 2015. Moreover, the epidemic of obesity in this population has been an important public health problem in developed and developing countries for the following reasons. Childhood and adolescent obesity tracks adulthood obesity and has been implicated in many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, childhood and adolescent obesity is linked to adulthood mortality and premature death. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is a principal cause of childhood and adolescent obesity, environmental factors are exclusively important for development of obesity among children and adolescents. In addition to genetic and biological factors, socioenvironmental factors, including family, school, community, and national policies, can play a crucial role. The complexity of risk factors for developing obesity among children and adolescents leads to difficulty in treatment for this population. Many interventional trials for childhood and adolescent obesity have been proven ineffective. Therefore, early identification and prevention is the key to control the global epidemic of obesity. Given that the proportion of overweight children and adolescents is far greater than that of obesity, an effective prevention strategy is to focus on overweight youth, who are at high risk for developing obesity. Multifaceted, comprehensive strategies involving behavioral, psychological, and environmental risk factors must also be developed to prevent obesity among children and adolescents.

关键词： obesity children adolescents epidemiology risk factor prevention

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Association between follistatin-related protein 1 and the functional status of patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第10期134卷 1168-1174页

作者： Taejun yoon Sung Soo Ahn Jung yoon Pyo Jason Jungsik Song yong-Beom Park Sang-Won Lee Department of Medical Science BK21 Plus ProjectYonsei UniversityCollege of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Background:Follistatin-like 1(FSTL1)plays both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles in the inflammatory *** investigated whether serum FSTL1 could predict the current anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis(AAV)-specific ***:We randomly selected 74 patients with AAV from a prospective and observational cohort of Korean patients with *** and laboratory data and AAV-specific indices were ***1 concentration was determined using the stored *** lowest tertile of the short-form 36-item health survey(SF-36)was defined as the current low *** cutoffs of serum FSTL1 for the current low SF-36 physical component summary(PCS)and SF-36 mental component summary(MCS)were extrapolated by the receiver operator characteristic ***:The median age was 62.5 years(55.4%were women).Serum FSTL1 was significantly correlated with SF-36 PCS(r=-0.374),SF-36 MCS(r=-0.377),and C-reactive protein(CRP)(r=0.307),but not with Birmingham vasculitis activity score(BVAS).In the multivariable linear regression analyses,BVAS,CRP,and serum FSTL1 were independently associated with the current SF-36 PCS(β=-0.255,β=-0.430,andβ=-0.266,respectively)and the current SF-36 MCS(β=-0.234,β=-0.229,andβ=-0.296,respectively).Patients with serum FSTL1≥779.8 pg/mL and those with serum FSTL1≥841.6 pg/mL exhibited a significantly higher risk of having the current low SF-36 PCS and SF-36 MCS than those without(relative risk 7.583 and 6.200,respectively).Conclusion:Serum FSTL1 could predict the current functional status in AAV patients.

关键词： Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody Follistatin-like 1 Functional status Vasculitis

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Toward genetic transformation of mitochondria in mammalian cells using a recoded drug-resistant selection marker

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2011年第4期38卷 173-179页

作者： Young Geol yoon Michael Duane Koob Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Dong-A University College of Medicine 3-1 Dongdaesin-dongSeo-gu Busan 602-714 Republic of Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Institute of Human Genetics University of Minnesota Medical School 420 Delaware St. S.E.Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Due to technical difficulties,the genetic transformation of mitochondria in mammalian cells is still a *** this report,we described our attempts to transform mammalian mitochondria with an engineered mitochondrial genome based on selection using a drug resistance *** the standard drug-resistant neomycin phosphotransferase confers resistance to high concentrations of G418 when targeted to the mitochondria,we generated a recoded neomycin resistance gene that uses the mammalian mitochondrial genetic code to direct the synthesis of this protein in the mitochondria,but not in the nucleus（mitochondrial version）.We also generated a universal version of the recoded neomycin resistance gene that allows synthesis of the drug-resistant proteins both in the mitochondria and *** we transfected these recoded neomycin resistance genes that were incorporated into the mouse mitochondrial genome clones into mouse tissue culture cells by electroporation,no DNA constructs were delivered into the *** found that the universal version of the recoded neomycin resistance gene was expressed in the nucleus and thus conferred drug resistance to G418 selection,while the synthetic mitochondrial version of the gene produced no background drug-resistant cells from nuclear *** recoded synthetic drug-resistant genes could be a useful tool for selecting mitochondrial genetic transformants as a precise technology for mitochondrial transformation is developed.

关键词： Mitochondrial codon Recode Mitochondrial transformation Selection marker G418 Neo^R

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Network-adaptive HD MPEG-2 video streaming with cross-layered channel monitoring in WLAN

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 885-893页

作者： PARK Sanghoon yoon Hayoung KIM Jongwon Networked Media Laboratory Department of Information and Communications GwangJu Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea

In this paper, we propose a practical design and implementation of network-adaptive high definition (HD) MPEG-2 video streaming combined with cross-layered channel monitoring (CLM) over the IEEE 802.11a wireless local area network (WLAN). For wireless channel monitoring, we adopt a cross-layered approach, where an access point (AP) periodically measures lower layers such as medium access control (MAC) and physical (PHY) transmission information (e.g., MAC layer loss rate) and then sends the monitored information to the streaming server application. The adaptive streaming server with the CLM scheme reacts more quickly and efficiently to the fluctuating wireless channel than the end-to-end application-layer monitoring (E2EM) scheme. The streaming server dynamically performs priority-based frame dropping to adjust the sending rate according to the measured wireless channel condition. For this purpose, the proposed streaming system nicely provides frame-based prioritized packetization by using a real-time stream parsing module. Various evaluation results over an IEEE 802.11a WLAN testbed are provided to verify the intended Quality of Service (QoS) adaptation capability. Experimental results showed that the proposed system can mitigate the quality degradation of video streaming due to the fluctuations of time-varying channel.

关键词： Wireless video, Adaptive video streaming, Cross-layered design, Prioritized packetization, MPEG-2

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Regular truss structure model equivalent to continuum structure

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第5期8卷 151-161页

作者： Won Choi JeongJae Lee Seongsoo yoon Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921South Korea Department of Rural Systems Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921South Korea Department.of Agricultural and Rural Engineering College of AgricultureLife and Environments SciencesChungbuk National UniversityChungbuk 362-763South Korea

It is difficult to solve the structural problems related to agricultural engineering,due to the wide ranges of the means of related variables and complex structural *** these reasons,discrete models are required that are able to replace or simplify solid structure components used in traditional analysis ***,the objective of this study was to develop a regular truss structure model that behaves the same way as a solid *** was assumed that if a unit element consists of truss elements with each hinge at the end of the element and the size of the element is infinitesimal,the stress distribution and displacement field will be constant throughout the domain of the unit ***,the behavior of the truss element was assumed to be in a linear state in a two-dimensional *** law of energy conservation,based on the theory of elasticity,was applied to determine the equilibrium conditions between discretized and solid *** restrictive condition that we obtained revealed that applications are limited to only ideal elastic materials with a Poisson’s ratio of 1 to *** volumetric ratio of the equivalent truss to the continuum structures was 3:1,regardless of the size or number of the *** calculate the internal stress and strain of the unit element,the geometric relationships of each truss member,which has its own role against different stress directions,were *** calculated von Misses stresses were used to verify this *** concentrations,as explained based on Saint Venant’s principle,were also observed in the equivalent truss structure *** main stress paths,indicating the areas where reinforcement bars should be placed,were successfully shown without the requirement that each element be transformed in the direction of principal stress;this was done by eliminating elements with only compressive and near-zero stresses.

关键词： structural analysis regular mesh equivalent truss structure model discretized element energy method

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Effects of multi-dopants （Zn and Ho） in stabilizing spinel structure for cathode materials in lithium rechargeable batteries-Novel chelated sol-gel synthesis

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Particuology 2016年第1期14卷 87-95页

作者： R. Thirunakaran Taewhan Kim Won-Sub yoon CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute Karaikudi 630 006 Tamil Nadu India Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 South Korea

Multi-doped spinels, namely LiMn204 and LiZnxHoyMn2 x yO4 （x=0.10-0.18; y= 0.02-0.10）, for use as cathode materials for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries were synthesized via sol-gel method, using lauric acid as the chelating agent, to obtain micron-sized particles. The physical properties of the synthesized samples were investigated using differential thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and electrochemical methods. XRD showed that LiMn204 and LiZnxHoyMn2_x y04 have high degrees of crystallinity and good phase purities. The SEM images of LiMn204 showed an ice-cube morphology with particles of size 1 μm. Charge-discharge studies showed that undoped LiMn2 O4 delivered the discharge capacity of 124 mA h/g with coulombic efficiency of 95% during the first cycle, whereas doped spinels delivered discharge capacities of 125, 120, and 127 mA h/g in the first cycle with coulombic efficiencies of 96%, 91%, and 91%, respectively.

关键词： Holmium Zinc Lauric acid Sol-gel Spinel cathode Lithium-ion battery

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Cobalt-based magnetic Weyl semimetals with high-thermodynamic stabilities

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 41-48页

作者： Wei Luo Yuma Nakamura Jinseon Park Mina yoon Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37916USA

Recent experiments identified Co_(3)Sn_(2)S_(2) as the first magnetic Weyl semimetal(MWSM).Using first-principles calculation with a global optimization approach,we explore the structural stabilities and topological electronic properties of cobalt(Co)-based shandite and alloys,Co_(3)MM’X_(2)(M/M’=Ge,Sn,Pb,X=S,Se,Te),and identify stable structures with different Weyl *** a tight-binding model,for the first time,we reveal that the physical origin of the nodal lines of a Co-based shandite structure is the interlayer coupling between Co atoms in different Kagome layers,while the number of Weyl points and their types are mainly governed by the interaction between Co and the metal atoms,Sn,Ge,and *** Co_(3)SnPbS_(2) alloy exhibits two distinguished topological phases,depending on the relative positions of the Sn and Pb atoms:a three-dimensional quantum anomalous Hall metal,and a MWSM phase with anomalous Hall conductivity(~1290Ω^(−1) cm^(−1))that is larger than that of Co_(2)Sn_(2)S_(2).Our work reveals the physical mechanism of the origination of Weyl fermions in Co-based shandite structures and proposes topological quantum states with high thermal stability.

关键词： stability alloy magnetic

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A Steam-Plasma Igniter for Aluminum Powder Combustion

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第5期17卷 392-401页

作者： Sanghyup LEE Kwanyoung NOH Jihwan LIM Woongsup yoon Mechanical Engineering Department of Yonsei University

High-temperature ignition is essential for the ignition and combustion of energetic metal fuels, including aluminum and magnesium particles which are protected by their high- melting-temperature oxides. A plasma torch characterized by an ultrahigh-temperature plasma plume fulfills such high-temperature ignition conditions. A new steam plasma igniter is designed and successfully validated by aluminum power ignition and combustion tests. The steam plasma rapidly stabilizes in both plasma and steam jet modes. Parametric investigation of the steam plasma jet is conducted in terms of arc strength. A high-speed camera and an oscilloscope method visualize the discharge characteristics, and optical emission spectroscopy measures the thermochemical properties of the plasma jet. The diatomic molecule OH fitting method, the Boltzmann plot method, and short exposure capturing with an intensified charge coupled device record the axial distributions of the rotational gas temperature, excitation temperature, and OH radical distribution, respectively. The excitation temperature at the nozzle tip is near 5500 K, and the gas temperature is 5400 K.

关键词： steam plasma igniter aluminum emission spectroscopy energetic metal fuels powder ignition and combustion optical

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Study on structural and compositional transitions of coal ash by using NMR

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2012年第1期18卷 80-87页

作者： Lin, Xiong-chao Ideta, Keiko Miyawaki, Jin Takebe, Hiromichi Wang, yong-gang yoon, Seong-Ho Mochida, Isao Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Matsuyam Japan School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) Beijing China

Structural and compositional transitions of Datong coal ash and its CaCO3 additional effects were carefully exam- ined at a temperature range of 300 to 1 600℃ by using XRD and solid state NMR. The quantitative estimation of amorphous structures of ashes can be successfully obtained through the analyses of solid state NMR spectra. Viscosity of molten ash and its changes with CaCO3 addition were also evaluated up to 1 700 ℃ by using a rotary type viscometer. Glasses with poor crystalline and amorphous phase were continuously formed through the eutectic reaction of silica above fusing temperature （FT〉1 500 ℃） that caused broadening and shift of 29Si and 27A1 peaks in NMR results. With the additional amount of CaCO3 increasing, the peaks shifted to downfield obviously; the fraction of Si（OA1）0（OSi）4 decreased, while that of Si（OA1）l（OSi）l at 84.3 x 10-6 increased apparently. These transitions indicated the destruction of large alumina-silicate framework into small segments by the addition of Ca ion.

关键词： coal gasification coal ash viscosity solid state NMR

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