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Feedback processing in the primate brain and in AI systems

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2297-2309页

作者： jiang yong HE Sheng Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The primate brain and artificial intelligence(AI) can both be conceptualized as information processing systems, each with its own distinct biological and computational architectures. While there are parallels between them, their respective structural and functional connections show significant differences. In this paper, we examine the central role of feedback processing in both the primate brain and AI systems, which has been shown to be crucial in shaping neural processing. By reviewing the key features of feedback processes in the primate brain, which allows the brain to incorporate prior knowledge, contextual information, and taskdemands into early-stage processing, we highlight the divergence in goals and functions between biological and AI *** these differences is crucial for elucidating the cognitive capabilities of the primate brain and for addressing computational challenges in AI. In advocating “Cognition-Inspired-Computation”, we suggest that integrating insights from feedback processing in the primate brain into AI research will offer potentially significant improvements for the advancement of AI systems.

关键词： cognitive neuroscience artificial intelligence feedback processing attention learning

Asymptotic Variability Analysis for Multi-Server Generalized Jackson Network in Overloaded

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2016年第3期32卷 713-730页

作者： yong-jiang GUO School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The asymptotic variability analysis is studied for multi-server generalized Jackson network. It is characterized by law of the iterated logarithm （LIL）, which quantifies the magnitude of asymptotic stochastic fluctuations of the stochastic processes compensated by their deterministic fluid limits. In the overloaded （OL） case, the asymptotic variability is studied for five performance measures： queue length, workload, busy time, idle time and number of departures. The proof is based on strong approximations, which approximate discrete performance processes with （reflected） Brownian motions. We conduct numerical examples to provide insights on these LIL results.

关键词： Asymptotic variability generalized Jackson network (GJN) law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) strong approximation (SA)

Fluid Approximation and Its Convergence Rate for GI/G/1 Queue with Vacations

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2011年第1期27卷 43-58页

作者： yong-jiang Guo School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

A GI/G/1 queue with vacations is considered in this paper. We develop an approximating technique on max function of independent and identically distributed （i.i.d.） random variables, that is max{ηi, 1 ≤ i ≤ n}. The approximating technique is used to obtain the fluid approximation for the queue length, workload and busy time processes. Furthermore, under uniform topology, if the scaled arrival process and the scaled service process converge to the corresponding fluid processes with an exponential rate, we prove by the approximating technique that the scaled processes characterizing the queue converge to the corresponding fluid limits with the exponential rate only for large N. Here the scaled processes include the queue length process, workload process and busy time process.

关键词： GI/G/1 queue with vacations fluid approximation exponential rate of convergence

On the Fluid Approximation for a Multiclass Queue under Non-Preemptive SBP Service Discipline

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第2期28卷 379-404页

作者： yong jiang GUO School of Science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876P.R.China

A multi-class single server queue under non-preemptive static buffer priority （SBP） service discipline is considered in this paper. Using a bounding technique, we obtain the fluid approximation for the queue length and busy time processes. Furthermore, we prove that the convergence rate of the fluid approximation for the queue length and busy time processes is exponential for large N. Additionally, a sufficient condition for stability is obtained.

关键词： Multi-class queue non-preemptive SBP service discipline fluid approximation stability,exponential rate of convergence

Empirical Likelihood Confidence Intervals for the Differences of Quantiles with Missing Data

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2009年第1期25卷 105-116页

作者： yong-song Qin yong-jiang Qian School of Mathematical Sciences Guangxi Normal University Guilin Guangxi 541004 China

Suppose that there are two nonparametric populations x and y with missing data on both of them. We are interested in constructing confidence intervals on the quantile differences of x and y. Random imputation is used.... 详细信息

关键词： Empirical likelihood confidence Interval quantile missing data imputation

Robust Unsupervised Discriminative Dependency Parsing

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第2期25卷 192-202页

作者： yong jiang Jiong Cai Kewei Tu School of Information Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Discriminative approaches have shown their effectiveness in unsupervised dependency ***,due to their strong representational power,discriminative approaches tend to quickly converge to poor local optima during unsupervised *** this paper,we tackle this problem by drawing inspiration from robust deep learning ***,we propose robust unsupervised discriminative dependency parsing,a framework that integrates the concepts of denoising autoencoders and conditional random field *** this framework,we propose two types of sentence corruption mechanisms as well as a posterior regularization method for robust *** tested our methods on eight languages and the results show that our methods lead to significant improvements over previous work.

关键词： unsupervised learning dependency parsing autoencoders

QoS-Aware Congestion Control with Online Learning

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China Communications 2023年第2期20卷 168-178页

作者： Lei Zhang Kewei Zhu yong Cui yong jiang Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing 100094China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In emerging applications such as industrial control and autonomous driving,end-to-end deterministic quality of service(QoS)transmission guarantee has become an urgent problem to be *** congestion control algorithms are essential to the performance of ***,existing congestion control schemes follow the best-effort principle of data transmission without the perception of application QoS *** enable data delivery within application QoS constraints,we leverage an online learning mechanism to design Crimson,a novel congestion control algorithm in which each sender continuously observes the gap between current performance and pre-defined *** can change rates adaptively that satisfy application QoS requirements as a *** many emulation environments and real-world experiments,our proposed scheme can efficiently balance the different trade-offs between throughput,delay and loss *** also achieves consistent performance over a wide range of QoS constraints under diverse network scenarios.

关键词： congestion control quality of service online learning

Numerical investigation of an advanced aircraft model during pitching motion at high incidence

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 276-288页

作者： LIU Jian SUN HaiSheng HUANG yong jiang yong XIAO ZhiXiang School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Mianyang 621000 China

An unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes(URANS) method combined with a rigid dynamic mesh technique was developed to simulate unsteady flows around complex configurations during pitching motion. First, a test case with the NACA0012 airfoil was selected to validate the numerical methods and our in-house codes. Then, we evaluated the unsteady flows around an advanced aircraft model during harmonic pitching motion at high incidence. The effects of pitching motion on the hysteresis of aerodynamic force, the evolution of the leading-edge vortex, and the distribution of pressure on the model's surface were analyzed in detail. The roles of several significant parameters such as the reduced frequency and pitching amplitude were revealed. Several conclusions were found: pitching motion would delay the initiation of the leading-edge vortex, strengthen the vorticity, postpone the occurrence of vortex breakdown, and weaken the massively separated flows, thus causing additional aerodynamic force. Two categories of critical reduced frequency have been found, which divide the influence of reduced frequency on aerodynamic force into three stages, called the linear increasing range, slowly increasing range, and constant range. The first-order phase lag between the aerodynamic force and the incidence is a constant that is independent of the amplitude when the reduced frequency is sufficiently high. A scaled maximum value of C_L is proposed; it depends only on the reduced frequency(instead of the amplitude), and increases linearly when the reduced frequency is sufficiently low.

关键词： pitching motion hysteresis critical reduced frequency phase lag scaled maximum of CL

Soil exchangeable base cations along a chronosequence of Caragana microphylla plantation in a semi-arid sandy land,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第1期5卷 42-50页

作者： YuGe ZHANG ZhuWen XU DeMing jiang yong jiang College of Biological and Environmental Engineering Shenyang University Shenyang 110044 China State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110164 China

As a pioneer leguminous shrub species for vegetation re-establishment, Caragana microphylla is widely distributed in the semi-fixed and fixed sandy lands of the Horqin region, North China. C. microphylla planta- tions modify organic carbon （SOC）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus dynamics, bulk density and water-holding capacity and biological activities in soils, but little is known with regard to soil exchange properties. Variation in soil ex- changeable base cations was examined under C. microphylla plantations with an age sequence of 0, 5, 10, and 22 years in the Horqin Sandy Land, and at the depth of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm, respectively. C. microphylla has been planted on the non-vegetated sand dunes with similar physical-chemical soil properties. The results showed that exchangeable calcium （Ca）, magnesium （Mg）, and potassium （K）, and cation exchange capacity （CEC） were significantly increased, and Ca saturation tended to decrease, while Mg and K saturations were increased with the plantation years. No difference was observed for exchangeable sodium （Na） neither with plantation years nor at soil depths. Of all the base cations and soil layers, exchangeable K at the depth of 0-10 cm accumulated most quickly, and it increased by 1.76, 3.16, and 4.25 times, respectively after C. microphylla was planted for 5, 10, and 22 years. Exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K, and CEC were significantly （P〈0.001） and positively correlated with SOC, total N, pH and electrical conductivity （EC）. Soil pH and SOC are regarded as the main factors influencing the variation in ex- changeable cations, and the preferential absorption of cations by plants and different leaching rates of base cations that modify cation saturations under C. microphylla plantation. It is concluded that as a nitrogen-fixation species, C. microphylla plantation is beneficial to increasing exchangeable base cations and CEC in soils, and therefore can improve soil fertility and create favorable microenvironments for plant

关键词： cation exchange capacity soil organic carbon soil pH soil fertility Caragana microphylla ecological restoration