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Transfusion transmitted virus: A review on its molecular characteristics and role in medicine

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第32期12卷 5122-5134页

作者： M Irshad yk joshi Y Sharma I Dhar Clinical Biochemistry Division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi-110029India

The present review gives an updated overview of transfusion transmitted virus （TTV）, a novel agent, in relation to its molecular characteristics, epidemiological features, modes of transmission, tissue tropism, pathogenesis, role in various diseases and its eradication from the body. TTV, a DNA virus, is a single stranded, non-enveloped, 3.8 kb long DNA virus with a small and covalently closed circular genome comprising 3852 bases. It was tentatively designated Cirdnoviridae *** genome sequence is heterogeneous and reveals the existence of six different genotypes and several subtypes. TTV has been reported to transmit not only via parenteral routes, but also via alternate routes. This virus has been detected in different non-human primates as well. At present, TTV is detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） with no other available diagnostic assays. It shows its presence globally and was detected in high percent populations of healthy persons as well as in various disease groups. Initially it was supposed to have strong association with liver disease; however, there is little evidence to show its liver tropism and contribution in causing liver diseases. It shows high prevalence in hemodialysis patients, pointing towards its significance in renal diseases. In addition,TTV is associated with several infectious and non-infectious diseases. Though, its exact pathogenesis is not yet clear, TTV virus possibly resides and multiplies in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）. Recently, attempts have been made to eradicate this virus with interferon treatment. More information is still needed to extricate various mysteries related to TTV.

关键词： Transfusion transmitted virus DNA Virus Hepatitis Transfusion

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Transfusion-transmitted virus in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in various forms of liver diseases in India

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2432-2436页

作者： M Irshad Y Sharma I Dhar J Singh yk joshi Clinical Biochemistry Division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari NagarNew Delhi 110029India Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition Unit All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari NagarNew Delhi-110029India

AIM： To describe the prevalence of transfusiontransmitted virus （TTV） infection in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in different forms of liver diseases in North India. METHODS： Sera from a total number of 137 patients, including 37 patients with acute viral hepatitis （AVH）, 37 patients with chronic viral hepatitis （CVH）, 31 patients with cirrhosis of liver and 32 patients with fulminant hepatic failure （FHF）, were analyzed both for TTV-DNA and hepatitis A-E viral markers. Presence of hepatitis B virus （HBV）, hepatitis C virus （HCV） and hepatitis E virus （HEV） infections was detected in different proportions in different groups. Moreover, rrV-DNA was simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors also. RESULTS： None of the patients had hepatitis A virus （HAV） and hepatitis D virus （HDV） infections. Overall prevalence of TTV-DNA was detected in 27.1% cases with AVH, 18.9% cases with CVH, 48.4% cases with cirrhosis and 9.4% cases with FHF. TTV-DNA simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors showed 27% positivity. On establishing a relation between TTV infection with other hepatitis viral infections, TTV demonstrated co-infection with HBV, HCV and HEV in these disease groups. Correlation of TTV with ALT level in sera did not demonstrate high ALT level in TTV-infected patients, suggesting that TI-V does not cause severe liver damage. CONCLUSION： TTV infection is prevalent both in patients and healthy individuals in India. However, it does not have any significant correlation with other hepatitis viral infections, nor does it produce an evidence of severe liver damage in patients with liver diseases.

关键词： Transfusion-transmitted virus HCV hepatitis AVH

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