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Engineering purple rice for human health

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第3期61卷 365-367页

作者： Xin Fang yingbo mao Xiaoya Chen National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology SIBS Chinese Academy of Sciences Plant Science Research Center Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and ResourcesShanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden

Human history of domestication of wild plants as food source has witnessed continuous improvement in nutritional qualities of plant products. However, some nutritional traits were lost during agriculatral breeding （Tieman et al., 2017）, and some are absent in certain wild ancestors and could not be introduced into modem crops by traditional breeding. Micronutrient and phytonutrient deficiencies have devastat- ing effects to human health, especially to poor populations （FAO, 2013）, biofortification of food crops by molecular breeding is important to resolve these problems. Currently, there are two main strategies for biofortification, one is to increase level of already existing health-promotion com- pounds in plants, such as anthocyanin-enriched ＂Purple Tomatoes＂（Butelli et al., 2008） and folate-enriched rice （Blancquaert et al., 2015）. The other is to transfer a biosyn- thetic pathway of bioactive compounds into a plant organ absent of them, such as 13-carotene-enriched ＂Golden Rice＂（Ye et al., 2000; Paine et al., 2005）; this strategy is mostly a difficult task using conventional cloning vector systems or current transgene-stacking vector systems that enable assembly of limited numbers of target genes into single vectors with sophisticated strategies, such as using homing endonuclease sites or Multisite Gateway. Thus,

关键词：健康米饭紫色植物产品工程食物来源调制解调器繁殖期

Transcriptome analysis of three cotton pests reveals features of gene expressions in the mesophyll feeder Apolygus lucorum

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 826-838页

作者： Dianyang Chen Fangyan Chen Chunyu Chen Xiaoya Chen yingbo mao National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The green mirid bug Apolygus lucorum is an agricultural pest that is known to cause damage to more than 150 plant species. Here, we report the transcriptomes ofA. lucorum at three different developmental stages （the second and fifth instar nymphs and adults）. A total of 98,236 unigenes with an average length of 1,335nt was obtained, of which 50,640 were annotated, including those encoding digestive enzymes and cytochrome P450s. Comparisons with cotton bollworm and cotton aphid transcriptomes revealed distinct features ofA. lucorum as a mesophyll feeder. The gene expression dynamics varied during development from young nymphs to adults. The high-quality transcriptome data and the gene expression dynamics reported here provide valuable data for a more comprehensive understanding of the physiology and development of mirid bugs, and for mining targets for their control.

关键词： Apolygus lucorum transcriptome digestion enzymes developmental stage

Gossypol: phytoalexin of cotton

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 122-129页

作者： Xiu Tian Juxin Ruan Jinquan Huang Xin Fang yingbo mao Lingjian Wang Xiaoya Chen Changqing Yang School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Plant Science Research Center Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai 201602 China

Sesquiterpenoids are a class of 15-carbon secondary metabolites that play diverse roles in plant adaptation to environment. Cotton plants accumulate a large amount of sesquiterpene aldehydes （including gossypol） as phytoalexins against pathogens and herbivores. They are stored in pigment glands of aerial organs and in epidermal layers of roots. Several enzymes of goss- ypol biosynthesis pathway have been characterized, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase （HMGR） and farnesyl diphosphate synthase （FPS） that catalyze the formation of the precursor farnesyl diphosphate （FPP）, （＋）-6-cadinene synthase （CDN） which is the first enzyme committed to gossypol biosynthesis, and the downstream enzymes of CYP706B 1 and methyltransferase. Expressions of these genes are tightly regulated during cotton plants development and in- duced by jasmonate and fungi elicitors. The transcription factor GaWRKY1 has been shown to be involved in gossypol path- way regulation. Recent development of new genomic platforms and methods and releases of diploid and tetraploid cotton ge- nome sequences will greatly facilitate the elucidation of gossypol biosynthetic pathway and its regulation.

关键词： cotton secondary metabolism gossypol sesquiterpenoid

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铜、铅、锌矿石,煤烟尘中锗

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云南冶金 2024年第4期53卷 142-146页

作者：安中庆李建福张兵毛莹博陈捷高梦菊杨湘琳红河职业技术学院云南蒙自661100 红河学院化学与资源工程学院云南蒙自661199 云南省高校失效贵金属催化剂清洁提取与高值化工程研究中心云南蒙自661199 中国再生资源产业技术创新战略联盟“失效贵金属催化剂循环利用联合创新实验室” 云南蒙自661199 鑫联环保科技股份有限公司云南蒙自661000

采用酸溶分解样品,经蒸馏锗与共存离子分离消除干扰,运用CP-AES法测定铜、铅、锌矿石、煤烟尘中锗含量;试验结果表明,在6.0 mol/L的盐酸体系中,锗以四氯化锗的形态从盐酸溶液中能蒸馏完全;Ge校准曲线的线性范围为0.10~50.00μg/mL,校准... 详细信息

采用酸溶分解样品,经蒸馏锗与共存离子分离消除干扰,运用CP-AES法测定铜、铅、锌矿石、煤烟尘中锗含量;试验结果表明,在6.0 mol/L的盐酸体系中,锗以四氯化锗的形态从盐酸溶液中能蒸馏完全;Ge校准曲线的线性范围为0.10~50.00μg/mL,校准曲线线性相关系数为0.99997;方法检出限为0.0106μg/g,测定范围10~50000 g/t,结果相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.2%~3.4%;加标回收率97%~107%。本法测定结果与国标方法-原子荧光光谱法测定值均一致。

关键词：锗蒸馏分离铜铅锌矿石、煤烟尘电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法

Are small RNAs a big help to plants?

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 212-223页

作者： mao yingbo,XUE XueYi & CHEN XiaoYa National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

The discovery of RNA interference(RNAi) has augmented our knowledge of gene regulation and presents a fascinating technology that has a great potential for application in genetic analysis,disease therapy,plant protection,and many other *** this review,we will focus on the biological functions of RNAi and its application in agriculture with a brief introduction to the history of its discovery and molecular mechanism.

关键词： RNA interference gene regulation plant protection

RNAi technology for plant protection and its applicatior in wheat

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aBIOTECH 2021年第4期2卷 365-374页

作者： Shaoshuai Liu Shuaifeng Geng Aili Li yingbo mao Long mao Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeiing 100081China Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyUniversity of CASChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Sino-Agro Research Station for Salt Tolerant Crops Yellow River DeltaKenli DistrictDongying 257500ShandongChina

The RNAi technology takes advantage of the intrinsic RNA interference(RNAi)mechanism that exists in nearly all eukaryotes in which target mRNAs are degraded or functionally *** progress has been made in recent years where RNAi technology is applied to several crops and economic plants for protection against diseases like fungi,pests,and *** technology is also applied in controlling pathogen damages in wheat,one of the most important crops in the *** this review,we first give a brief introduction of the RNAi technology and the underneath *** then review the recent progress of its utilization in crops,particular ***,we discuss the existing challenges and prospect future development of this technology in crop protection.

关键词： Double-stranded RNA Pathogens Pests Nematodes RNA interference Small RNA Wheat

Simulation and evaluation study of atmospheric aerosol nonsphericity as a function of particle size

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 281-291页

作者： Qianjun mao Xin Nie School of Urban Construction Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430065China College of New Energy and Materials Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318China

Aerosol nonsphericity causes great uncertainty in radiative forcing assessments and climate *** considerable studies have attempted to quantify this uncertainty,the relationship between aerosol nonsphericity and particle size is usually not considered,thus reducing the accuracy of the *** this study,a coupled inversion algorithm combining an improved stochastic particle swarm optimization algorithm and angular light scattering is used for the nonparametric estimation of aerosol nonsphericity variation with particle size,and the optimal sample selection method is employed to screen the *** on the verification of inversion accuracy,the variation of aerosol aspect ratio with particle size based on the ellipsoidal model in global regions has been obtained from Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)data,and the effect of nonsphericity on radiative forcing and dry deposition has been *** results show that the aspect ratio increases with particle size in all regions,with the maximum ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 in the desert,reflecting the differences in aerosol composition at different particle *** radiation calculations,considering aerosol nonsphericity makes the aerosol cooling effect weaker and surface radiative fluxes increase,but hardly changes the aerosol absorption,with maximum differences of 9.22%and 22.12%at the bottom and top of the atmosphere,***,the differences in radiative forcing between aspect ratios as a function of particle size and not varying with particle size are not significant,averaging less than 2%.Besides,the aspect ratio not varying with particle size underestimates the deposition velocity of small particles and overestimates that of large particles compared to that as a function of particle size,with maximum differences of 7%and 4%,respectively.

关键词： Aerosol nonsphericity Inversion Aspect ratio Radiative forcing Dry deposition velocity

Pressure-induced hydrogen-dominant high-temperature superconductors

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 14-16页

作者： Ho-kwang mao Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research

Recent studies of hydrogen-dominant（superhydride） materials have led to putative discoveries of near-room temperature superconductivity at high pressures. The idea started more than half-a-century ago as a by-product of the quest for metallic hydrogen for which a natural consequence of its very high Debye temperature and phonon frequency due to the very low mass of the hydrogen atoms would lead to a high superconducting critical temperature （Tc） in weak coupling Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer（BCS） expression.

关键词： HYDRIDE LANTHANUM

Proof of Two Supercongruences of Truncated Hypergeometric Series_(4)F_(3)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1015-1028页

作者： Guo Shuai mao Department of Mathematics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044P.R.China

In this paper,we prove two supercongruences conjectured by Z.-*** via the Wilf-Zeilberger *** of them is,for any prime p>3,4F3[7/6 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/6 1 1]-1/8]-1/2≡p(-2/p)+p^(3)/4(2/p)Ep-3 (mod p^(4))where(·/p)stands f... 详细信息

关键词： Supercongruence truncated hypergeometric series Wilf–Zeilberger method Euler numbers Legendre symbol