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Fundamental Understanding of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Zinc Anode Surface:A First‑Principles Study

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 180-191页

作者： Xiaoyu liu yiming Guo Fanghua ning Yuyu liu Siqi Shi Qian Li Jiujun Zhang Shigang Lu Jin yi Institute for Sustainable Energy&Department of Chemistry Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium AlloysChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China

Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)has become a key factor affecting the cycling stability of aqueous Zn-ion batteries,while the corresponding fundamental issues involving HER are still unclear.Herein,the reaction mechanisms of HER on various crystalline surfaces have been investigated by first-principle calculations based on density functional theory.It is found that the Volmer step is the ratelimiting step of HER on the Zn(002)and(100)surfaces,while,the reaction rates of HER on the Zn(101),(102)and(103)surfaces are determined by the Tafel step.Moreover,the correlation between HER activity and the generalized coordination number(CN)of Zn at the surfaces has been revealed.The relatively weaker HER activity on Zn(002)surface can be attributed to the higher CN of surface Zn atom.The atomically uneven Zn(002)surface shows significantly higher HER activity than the flat Zn(002)surface as the CN of the surface Zn atom is lowered.The CN of surface Zn atom is proposed as a key descriptor of HER activity.Tuning the CN of surface Zn atom would be a vital strategy to inhibit HER on the Zn anode surface based on the presented theoretical studies.Furthermore,this work provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth understanding of HER on the Zn surface.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-ion battery Zn anode Hydrogen evolution reaction Coordination number First-principles calculation

Hyperspectral remote sensing identification of marine oil spills and emulsions using feature bands and double-branch dual-attention mechanism network

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 728-743页

作者： ning ZHANG Junfang YANG Shanwei liu yi MA Jie ZHANG College of Oceanography and Space Informatics China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

The accurate identification of marine oil spills and their emulsions is of great significance for emergency response to oil spill pollution.The selection of characteristic bands with strong separability helps to realize the rapid calculation of data on aircraft or in orbit,which will improve the timeliness of oil spill emergency monitoring.At the same time,the combination of spectral and spatial features can improve the accuracy of oil spill monitoring.Two ground-based experiments were designed to collect measured airborne hyperspectral data of crude oil and its emulsions,for which the multiscale superpixel level group clustering framework(MSGCF)was used to select spectral feature bands with strong separability.In addition,the double-branch dual-attention(DBDA)model was applied to identify crude oil and its emulsions.Compared with the recognition results based on original hyperspectral images,using the feature bands determined by MSGCF improved the recognition accuracy,and greatly shortened the running time.Moreover,the characteristic bands for quantifying the volume concentration of water-in-oil emulsions were determined,and a quantitative inversion model was constructed and applied to the AVIRIS image of the deepwater horizon oil spill event in 2010.This study verified the effectiveness of feature bands in identifying oil spill pollution types and quantifying concentration,laying foundation for rapid identification and quantification of marine oil spills and their emulsions on aircraft or in orbit.

关键词： hyperspectral image spectral analysis dimensionality reduction multiscale superpixel level group clustering framework(MSGCF) double-branch dual-attention(DBDA)

Remarkable N_(2)-selectivity enhancement of NH_(3)-SCR over HPMo modified MnCo-BTC@SiO_(2) catalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 482-495页

作者： Songjin Ko Xiaolong Tang Fengyu Gao Honghong yi Hengheng liu ning Luo Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Chemistry Pyongyang University of ArchitecturePyongyangDPR of Korea

In this work,the phosphomolybdate(HPMo)modification strategy was applied to improve the N_(2) selectivity of Mn Co-BTC@SiO_(2)catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x),and further,the mechanism of HPMo modification on enhanced catalytic performance was explored.Among Mn Co-BTC@SiO_(2-x) catalysts with different HPMo concentrations,Mn CoBTC@SiO_(2)-0.75 catalyst exhibited not only the highest NH_(3)-SCR performance(95% at 200-300℃)but also the best N_(2)selectivity(exceed 80% at 100-300℃)due to the appropriate redox capacity,greater surface acidity.X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS)and temperature programmed reduction of H_(2)(H_(2)-TPR)results showed that the modification with HPMo reduced the oxidation-reduction performance of the catalyst due to electron transfer from Mo^(5+)to Mn^(4+)/Mn^(3+)and prevent the excessive oxidation of ammonia adsorption species.NH_(3)temperature-programmed desorption of(NH_(3)-TPD)results showed that the modification with HPMo could significantly improve the surface acidity and NH_(3)adsorption,which enhance the catalytic activity and N_(2)selectivity.In-situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS)revealed that modification with HPMo increased significantly the amount of adsorbed NH_(3)species on the Bronsted acid site and C_(B)/C_(L),it suppressed the production of N_(2)O by inhibiting the production of NH species,the deep dehydrogenation of ammonia adsorption species.This study provided a simple design strategy for the catalyst to improve the low-temperature catalytic performance and N_(2)selectivity.

关键词： Metal organic framework(MOF) MnCo-BTC@SiO_(2) NH_(3)-SCR HPMo N_(2)selectivity

Appendicitis combined with Meckel’s diverticulum obstruction, perforation, and inflammation in children: Three case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 865-871页

作者： yi-Meng Sun Wang Xin Yu-Fang liu Zhe-Ming Guan Hao-Wen Du ning-ning Sun Yong-Dong liu School of Clinical Medicine Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Surgery Weifang People’s HospitalWeifang 261000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Burn Surgery Weifang People’s HospitalWeifang 261000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Meckel’s diverticulum is a common congenital malformation of the small intestine,with the three most common complications being obstruction,per-foration,and inflammation.To date,only a few cases have been reported world-wide.In children,the clinical symptoms are similar to appendicitis.As most of the imaging features are nonspecific,the preoperative diagnosis is not precise.In addition,the clinical characteristics are highly similar to pediatric acute appendicitis,thus special attention is necessary to distinguish Meckel’s diver-ticulum from pediatric appendicitis.Patients with poor disease control should undergo laparoscopic exploration to avoid serious complications,including intestinal necrosis,intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding.CASE SUMMARY This report presents three cases of appendicitis in children combined with intestinal obstruction,which was caused by fibrous bands(ligaments)arising from the top part of Meckel's diverticulum,diverticular perforation,and diver-ticular inflammation.All three patients,aged 11-12 years,had acute appendicitis as their initial clinical presentation.All were treated by laparoscopic surgery with a favorable outcome.A complete dataset including clinical presentation,dia-gnostic imaging,surgical information,and histopathologic findings was also provided.CONCLUSION Preoperative diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications is challenging because its clinical signs and complications are similar to those of appendicitis in children.Laparoscopy combined with laparotomy is useful for diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Meckel’s diverticulum Complications Intestinal obstruction Perforation Appendicitis in children Mesodiverticular band Ligament Diverticular disease Case report

Deformable Catalytic Material Derived from Mechanical Flexibility for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 287-311页

作者： Fengshun Wang Lingbin Xie ning Sun Ting Zhi Mengyang Zhang Yang liu Zhongzhong Luo Lanhua yi Qiang Zhao Longlu Wang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NJUPT)9 WenyuanNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)&Institute of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications9 WenyuanNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China

Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions,especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In recent years,deformable catalysts for HER have made great progress and would become a research hotspot.The catalytic activities of deformable catalysts could be adjustable by the strain engineering and surface reconfiguration.The surface curvature of flexible catalytic materials is closely related to the electrocatalytic HER properties.Here,firstly,we systematically summarized self-adaptive catalytic performance of deformable catalysts and various micro–nanostructures evolution in catalytic HER process.Secondly,a series of strategies to design highly active catalysts based on the mechanical flexibility of lowdimensional nanomaterials were summarized.Last but not least,we presented the challenges and prospects of the study of flexible and deformable micro–nanostructures of electrocatalysts,which would further deepen the understanding of catalytic mechanisms of deformable HER catalyst.

关键词： Deformable catalytic material Micro-nanostructures evolution Mechanical flexibility Hydrogen evolution reaction

Low-temperature NH_(3)-SCR performance of a novel Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 271-286页

作者： Hengheng liu Fengyu Gao Songjin Ko ning Luo Xiaolong Tang Erhong Duan Honghong yi Yuansong Zhou School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing 100083China School of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology HebeiHebei 050018China Department of Chemistry Pyongyang University of ArchitecturePyongyangDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea

The synthesis process of conventional Mn-based denitrification catalysts is relatively complex and expensive.In this paper,a resource application of chlorella was proposed,and a Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst was innovatively synthesized by electrostatic interaction.The Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst prepared under the optimal conditions(0.54 g/L Mn^(2+)concentration,20 million chlorellas/mL concentration,450℃ calcination temperature)exhibited a well-developed pore structure and large specific surface area(122 m^(2)/g).Compared with MnOx alone,the Chlorella@Mn composite catalyst achieved superior performance,with~100%NH_(3)selective catalytic reduction(NH_(3)-SCR)denitrification activity at 100-225℃.The results of NH_(3)temperature-programmed desorption(NH_(3)-TPD)and H_(2)temperature-programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR)showed that the catalyst had strong acid sites and good redox properties.Zeta potential testing showed that the electronegativity of the chlorella cell surface could be used to enrich with Mn^(2+).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)confirmed that Chlorella@Mn had a high content of Mn^(3+)and surface chemisorbed oxygen.In-situ diffuse refectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS)experimental results showed that both Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)and Eley-Rideal(E-R)mechanisms play a role in the denitrification process on the surface of the Chlorella@Mn catalyst,where the main intermediate nitrate species is monodentate nitrite.The presence of SO_(2)promoted the generation and strengthening of Bronsted acid sites,but also generated more sulfate species on the surface,thereby reducing the denitrification activity of the Chlorella@Mn catalyst.The Chlorella@Mn composite catalyst had the characteristics of short preparation time,simple process and low cost,making it promising for industrial application.

关键词： Chlorella@Mn catalyst NH_(3)-SCR Poisoning resistance Reaction mechanism Infuence of SO_(2)

Effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal,porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 11-19页

作者： Wen-ning liu Wei Zhang Peng-yue Wang yi-xian liu Xiang-yi Jiao Ao-xiang Wan Cheng-gang Wang Guo-dong Tong Shou-mei Xiong School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084Beijing China FAW Group Co. Ltd.Changchun 130013China China FAW Foundry Co. Ltd.Changchun 130013China

The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laboratory computed tomography(CT).Results showed that the newly developed AlSi9MnMoV alloy exhibited improved mechanical properties when compared to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.The AlSi9MnMoV alloy,which was designed with trace multicomponent additions,displays a notable grain refining effect in comparison to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.Refining elements Ti,Zr,V,Nb,B promote heterogeneous nucleation and reduce the grain size of primaryα-Al.At a lower slow shot speed,the large ESCs are easier to form and gather,developing into the dendrite net and net-shrinkage.With an increase in slow shot speed,the size and number of ESCs and porosities significantly reduce.In addition,the distribution of ESCs is more dispersed and the net-shrinkage disappears.The tensile property is greatly improved by adopting a higher slow shot speed.The ultimate tensile strength is enhanced from 260.31 MPa to 290.31 MPa(increased by 11.52%),and the elongation is enhanced from 3.72%to 6.34%(increased by 70.52%).

关键词： hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy high pressure die casting porosity externally solidified crystal tensile property

Intravitreal injection of conbercept for diabetic macular edema complicated with diabetic nephropathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 304-310页

作者： Yuan-Zhang Zhu Zhi-Zhi Dou Wen-ying Wang Qing-Yue Ma Wen-Dan yi ning-ning Yao yi-Chong liu Xiao-Di Gao Qian Zhang Wen-Juan Luo Department of Ophthalmology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To observe the therapeutic effect of conbercept on diabetic macular edema(DME)complicated with diabetic nephropathy(DN).METHODS:In this retrospective study,54 patients(54 eyes)that diagnosed as DME from January 2017 to October 2021 were collected.The patients were divided into two groups:DME patients with DN(25 eyes),and DME patients without DN(29 eyes).General conditions were collected before treatment,laboratory tests include fasting blood glucose,HbA1c,microalbumin/creatinine,serum creatinine.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to check the ellipsoidal zone(EZ)and external limiting membrane(ELM)integrity.Central macular thickness(CMT),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),and retinal hyperreflective foci(HF)as well as numbers of injections were recorded.RESULTS:There were significant differences between fasting blood glucose,HbA1c,serum creatinine,urinary microalbumin/creatinine,and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)between the two groups(all P<0.05).EZ and ELM continuity in the DME+DN group was worse than that in the DME group(P<0.05).BCVA(logMAR)in the DME group was significantly better than that in the DME+DN group at the same time points during treatment(all P<0.05).CMT and HF values were significantly higher in the DME+DN group than that in the DME group at the all time points(all P<0.05)and significantly decreased in both groups with time during treatment.At 6mo after treatment,the mean number of injections in the DME+DN and DME group was 4.84±0.94 and 3.79±0.86,respectively.CONCLUSION:Conbercept has a significant effect in short-term treatment of DME patients with or without DN,and can significantly ameliorate BCVA,CMT and the number of HF,treatment efficacy of DME patients without DN is better than that of DME patients with DN.

关键词： conbercept diabetic nephropathy diabetic macular edema optical coherence tomography

Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 102-114页

作者： yi Zhang Si-jing liu School of Marxism Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 61137Sichuan ProvinceChina College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137Sichuan ProvinceChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases with Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137Sichuan ProvinceChina

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.Despite the challenges in managing atherosclerosis,researchers continue to investigate new treatments and complementary therapies.Cordyceps is a traditional Chinese medicine that has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis.Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cordyceps in treating atherosclerosis through various pharmacological actions,including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities,lowering cholesterol,inhibiting platelet aggregation,and modulating apoptosis or autophagy in vascular endothelial cells.Notably,the current misuse of the terms cordyceps and Ophiocordyceps sinensis has caused confusion among researchers,and complicated the current academic research on cordyceps.This review focuses on the chemical composition,pharmacological actions,and underlying mechanisms contributing to the anti-atherosclerotic effects of cordyceps and the mycelium of Ophiocordyceps spp.This review provides a resource for the research on the development of new drugs for atherosclerosis from cordyceps.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cordyceps Ophiocordyceps sinensis