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Characterization and prediction of tailpipe ammonia emissions from in-use China 5/6 light-duty gasoline vehicles

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 71-81页

作者： Lewei Zeng Fengbin Wang Shupei Xiao xuan Zheng Xintong Li Qiyuan Xie Xiaoyang Yu Cheng huang Qingyao Hu Yan You Ye Wu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co.Ltd. Tianjin 300300China CATARC Automotive Test Center(Guangzhou)Co.Ltd. Guangzhou 511300China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

On-road tailpipe ammonia (NH3) emissions contribute to urban secondary organic aerosol formation and have direct or indirect adverse impacts on the environment and human health. To understand the tailpipe NH3 emission characteristics, we performed comprehensive chassis dynamometer measurements of NH3 emission from two China 5 and two China 6 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) equipped with three-way catalytic converters (TWCs). The results showed that the distance-based emission factors (EFs) were 12.72 ± 2.68 and 3.18 ± 1.37 mg/km for China 5 and China 6 LDGVs, respectively. Upgrades in emission standards were associated with a reduction in tailpipe NH3 emission. In addition, high NH3 EFs were observed during the engine warm-up period in cold-start cases owing to the intensive emissions of incomplete combustion products and suitable catalytic temperature in the TWCs. Notably, based on the instantaneous NH3 emission rate, distinct NH3–emitting events were detected under high/extra high velocity or rapid acceleration. Furthermore, NH3 emission rates correlated well with engine speed, vehicle specific power, and modified combustion efficiency, which were more easily accessible. These strong correlations were applied to reproduce NH3 emissions from China 5/6 LDGVs. The predicted NH3 EFs under different dynamometer and real-world cycles agreed well with existing measurement and prediction results, revealing that the NH3 EFs of LDGVs in urban routes were within 8.55–11.62 mg/km. The results presented here substantially contribute to improving the NH3 emission inventory for LDGVs and predicting on-road NH3 emissions in China.

关键词： NH3 instantaneous emissions Catalytic temperature Vehicle specific power Combustion efficiency Emission prediction

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Investigating the Potential Mechanism of Huazhi Rougan Granules Against Alcoholic Liver Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experiment

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 191-203页

作者： ying-ying Tan ying-ying Liu yi-Yan Zhai yi-xuan Wang Zhi-Shan Wu Antony Stalin Guo-Liang Cheng Bing Li Chao Wu Zhi-Hong huang Shan Lu Xiao-Tian Fan Zheng Zhao Jia-Rui Wu Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina Department of Bioinformatics Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional MedicineLinyiChina Department of Clinical Medicine Beijing Zest Bridge Medical Technology Inc.BeijingChina

Objective: Huazhi Rougan granules(HRGs) are a promising drug to improve alcoholic liver disease(ALD), but its mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments were used to reveal the potential mechanism of HRG against ALD. Results: A total of 245 potential targets of HRG against ALD were obtained. Functional enrichment analysis suggests that HRG could synergistically regulate various biological pathways to exert therapeutic effects on ALD. Molecular docking showed that the key targets exhibited the good binding ability with the key compounds. The in vivo experiments showed that HRG can effectively alleviate pathological changes in liver tissue, improve blood lipid levels, antioxidant stress ability, and liver function, and reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the liver. Conclusions: This study reflects that HRG is an effective strategy for treating ALD, providing a basis for revealing the prevention and treatment mechanisms of ALD.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Huazhi Rougan granules inflammatory response network pharmacology

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Effects of NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Pyroptosis on Cardiovascular Diseases and Intervention Mechanism of Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 468-479页

作者： ZHONG yi LI Xin-yue LIANG Tian-jun DING Bao-zhu MA Ke-xin REN Wen-xuan LIANG Wen-jie College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hebei University of Chinese MedicineHebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Liver and Kidney DiseasesInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShijiazhuang 050200China Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi Province 332000China Graduate School Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Rural Physician College Hebei Medical UniversityShijazhuang 050017China Medical Department the First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050030China

Activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome signaling pathway is an important mechanism underlying myocardial pyroptosis and plays an important role in inflammatory damage to myocardial tissue in patients with cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),such as diabetic cardiomyopathy,ischemia/reperfusion injury,myocardial infarction,heart failure and *** RNAs(nc RNAs)are important regulatory *** Chinese medicine(CM)compounds,including their effective components,can regulate pyroptosis and exert myocardium-protecting *** mechanisms underlying this protection include inhibition of inflammasome protein expression,Toll-like receptor 4–NF-κB signal pathway activation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS),and mixed lineage kinase 3 expression and the regulation of silent information regulator *** NLRP3 protein is an important regulatory target for CVD prevention and treatment with *** the effects of the interventions mediated by CM and the related mechanisms provides new ideas and perspectives for CVD prevention and treatment.

关键词： pyroptosis cardiovascular diseases Chinese medicine NOD-like receptor protein 3 mechanisms

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TEPG:a traffic engineering based power-aware greedy routing algorithm in backbone networks with bundled links

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 243-245页

作者： Jinhong ZHANG Xingwei WANG Ruixia LI Bo yi Min huang Dongxing SHUI School of Electronic and Information Engineering West Anhui UniversityLu’an 237012China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

1 Introduction and main contributions Various power-aware solutions have been proposed to address the alarming energy waste and consequent serious environmental issues since Gupta and Singh initiated the seminal study on green networking problem in *** of the researches concentrated their efforts on power-aware networking under the non-bundled link scenarios by leveraging the dynamic power management based Low Power Idle(LPI)policy which was defined and standardized in the IEEE 802.3az ***,in modern backbone networks,pairs of routers are typically connected,for each traffic direction,by multiple physical links that form one logical bundled link,which is the link aggregation technique defined and standardized in IEEE 802.1AX.

关键词： power bundle backbone

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A distinction of gliomas at cellular and tissue level by surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 423-427页

作者： Chengde Wang Liping huang Shanshan Wang Lihao Wu yi Wang Jun Dong Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215004China Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325001China Department of Chemistry School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the FutureWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China

Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in *** precise identification and distinction of GBM heterogeneity from surrounding brain parenchyma at the cellular level and even at the tissue level are important for GBM *** this study,GBM cells are distinguished from normal astrocytes and non-central nervous system(CNS)tumor cells by surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)based on gold nanoshell(SiO_(2)@Au)particles and support vector machine(SVM)*** addition,the gold nanoisland(AuNI)SERS substrates are further developed and explored for accurate detection of GBM at the tissue *** distinction between glioma and trauma tissues,identification of different tumor grades,and IDH mutation are realized with the assistance of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)in a rapid,non-invasive,and convenient *** results show that the developed SERS-based analytical method has the potential for practical application for the detection of GBM at the single-cell and tissue levels and even for real-time intraoperative diagnosis.

关键词： Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) Nanoparticle Nanoisland Machine learning

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A Dielectric Ink Combining Acrylate and Cyanate Moieties for Inkjet 3D Printing with Good Thermal Stability

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 766-774页

作者： yi-xuan Li Liang-ying Wu Yan Yang Yao-Zhong Lu Zhong-ying Ji Yu-Xiong Guo Xiao-Long Wang Qiao-Sheng Pu State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsLanzhou730000China Lanzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Orthopedics and Traumatology Lanzhou730000China Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical EngineeringYantai264006China

Inkjet 3D printing has potential in the additive manufacturing of electronic circuits and ***,inks that can be used for printing layers with T5%>300℃ or hardness>200 MPa have been rarely *** ester(CE)polymers have excellent thermal stability,high strength,and low shrinkage compared to other common dielectric inks for inkjet 3D printing,but cannot be quickly shaped by ultraviolet(UV)irradiation or thermal *** CEs with UV-curable monomers may be a possible way to accelerate crosslinking,but there are challenges from the adverse effects of the dilution of both *** this study,dielectric inks with acrylate and cyanate moieties were *** low viscosity and surface tension of the CE precursor(Bisphenol E cyanate ester)were combined with photocurable acrylate diluent monomers and cross-linker to realize an ink suitable for inkjet 3D *** internal dual three-dimensional cross-linked network structure resin was prepared by a combination of photocuring and thermal curing with T5%up to 326.69℃,hardness up to 431.84 MPa,dielectric constant of 2.70 at 8 GHz,and shrinkage of 1.64%.The developed dielectric inks can be applied to the 3D printing of printed circuit boards and other electronic devices that require dielectric properties.

关键词： Inkjet printing Cyanate ester resin 3D doubly cross-linked network Good thermal stability

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Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and in-hospital outcomes:findings from the improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome(CCC-ACS)Project

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 658-668页

作者： Wen-Jie WANG Ke-Xin WANG Jia-Long NIU yi-xuan LIU Hai-Long GE Hua SHEN On behalf of CCC-ACS investigators Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

BACKGROUND Stress hyperglycemia ratio(SHR)could provide accurate information on the acute status of *** relationship between SHR and acute coronary syndrome(ACS)prognosis remains *** study was conducted to identity the association between SHR and in-hospital outcomes in patients with *** A total of 12,010 patients were eventually enrolled in the *** relationship between SHR and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)was then modeled by restricted cubic spline(RCS)curves,and all patients were divided into three groups according to the *** multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between the SHR and in-hospital outcomes,described as odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Subgroup analyses were also performed on different *** The median age of this cohort was 63(54,71)years old,and 8942(74.5%)were *** 1 was defined as SHR1(n=5763).Compared with Group 2,Group 1(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.028-3.479,P<0.001)and Group 3(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.434-2.434,P<0.001)had higher risks of suffering from in-hospital *** was associated with higher risks of in-hospital MACEs in the subgroups of DM[OR=2.282,95%CI:1.477-3.524).CONCLUSIONS Both low and high SHR levels were independently associated with in-hospital *** males with DM,hypertension,and decreased renal function had much higher risks of suffering from SHR-correlated MACEs.

关键词： acute cardiovascular finding

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Damage Evolution of Ballastless Track Concrete Exposed to Flexural Fatigue Loads:The Application of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity,Impact-echo and Surface Electrical Resistance Method

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 353-363页

作者：杨志强李化建 WEN Jiaxing DONG Haoliang huang Fali WANG Zhen yi Zhonglai Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Science Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Track System of High-Speed Railway Beijing 100081China School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

In order to clarify the fatigue damage evolution of concrete exposed to flexural fatigue loads,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),impact-echo technology and surface electrical resistance(SR) method were *** variable based on the change of velocity of ultrasonic pulse(Du) and impact elastic wave(Di)were defined according to the classical damage *** influences of stress level,loading frequency and concrete strength on damage variable were *** experimental results show that Du and Di both present a three-stages trend for concrete exposed to fatigue *** impact elastic wave is more sensitive to the microstructure damage in stage Ⅲ,the critical damage variable,i e,the damage variable before the final fracture of concrete of Di is slightly higher than that of ***,the evolution of SR of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were analyzed and the relationship between SR and Du,SR and Di of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were *** is found that the SR of concrete was decreased with the increasing fatigue cycles,indicating that surface electrical resistance method can also be applied to describe the damage of ballastless track concrete exposed to fatigue loads.

关键词： ballastless track fatigue damage ultrasonic pulse velocity impact-echo surface electrical resistance

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A possible probe to neutron-skin thickness by fragment parallel momentum distribution in projectile fragmentation reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 114-119页

作者： Chun-Wang Ma yi-Jie Duan Ya-Fei Guo Chun-Yuan Qiao Yu-Ting Wang Jie Pu Kai-xuan Cheng Hui-Ling Wei College of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450015China

Neutron-skin thickness is a key parameter for a neutron-rich nucleus;however,it is difficult to *** the framework of the Lanzhou Quantum Molecular Dynamics(LQMD)model,a possible probe for the neutron-skin thickness(δ_(np))of neutron-rich ^(48)Ca was studied in the 140A MeV ^(48)Ca+^(9)Be projectile fragmentation reaction based on the parallel momentum distribution(p∥)of the residual fragments.A Fermi-type density distribution was employed to initiate the neutron density distributions in the LQMD simulations.A combined Gaussian function with different width parameters for the left side(Γ_(L))and the right side(Γ_(R))in the distribution was used to describe the p∥of the residual *** neutron-rich sulfur isotopes as examples,Γ_(L) shows a sensitive correlation withδ_(np) of ^(48)Ca,and is proposed as a probe for determining the neutron skin thickness of the projectile nucleus.

关键词： Neutron-skin thickness Projectile fragmentation Parallel momentum distribution Neutron-rich nucleus Quantum molecular dynamics model

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Tough Polymeric Hydrogels Based on Amino Acid Derivative Mediated Dynamic Metal Coordination Bonds

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第10期42卷 1578-1588页

作者： Meng Li Meng-Yuan Zhang Wu-xuan Lei Zhu-Ting Lv Qing-Hua Shang Zheng Zhao Jiang-Tao Li yi-Long Cheng Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices Ministry of Education School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Polymer Materials & Engineering Department School of Materials Science & Engineering Chang'an University School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Nuclear Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of China Xi'an Jiaotong University

Abstract The development of physically crosslinked hydrogels with excellent mechanical and sensing properties is of importance for expanding the practical applications of intelligent soft hydrogel ***,after copolymerization of hydroxyl-containing amino acid derivative N-acryloyl serine （ASer） with acrylamide （AM）,we introduce Zr4+through an immersion strategy to construct metal ion-toughened non-covalent crosslinked hydrogels （with tensile strength of up to 5.73 MPa）.It is found that the synergistic coordination of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups with Zr4+substantially increases the crosslinking density of the hydrogels,thereby imparting markedly superior mechanical properties compared to hydroxyl-free Zr4+-crosslinked hydrogels,such as N-acryloyl alanine （AAla） copolymerized with AM hydrogels （with tensile strength of 2.98 MPa）Through the adjustment of the composition of the copolymer and the density of coordination bonds,the mechanical properties of the hydrogels can be modulated over a wide ***,due to the introduction of metal ions and the dynamic nature of coordination bonds,the hydrogels also exhibit excellent sensing performance and good self-recovery properties,paving the way for the development of flexible electronic substrates with outstanding comprehensive performances.

关键词： Amino acid Flexible sensor Hydrogel Mechanical performance Metal coordination

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