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Supramolecular polymer-based gel fracturing fluid with a double network applied in ultra-deep hydraulic fracturing

Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1875-1888页

作者： Yong-Ping Huang Yong Hu Chang-Long Liu yi-ning wu Chen-Wei Zou Li-Yuan Zhang Ming-Wei Zhao Cai-Li Dai School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongPR China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing102206PR China CNOOC China Co Ltd Tianjin BranchTianjin300459PR China

A gel based on polyacrylamide,exhibiting delayed crosslinking characteristics,emerges as the preferred solution for mitigating degradation under conditions of high temperature and extended shear in ultralong *** viscosity/viscoelasticity of the fracturing fluid was required to maintain excellent proppant suspension properties before *** into account both the cost and the potential damage to reservoirs,polymers with lower concentrations and molecular weights are generally *** this work,the supramolecular action was integrated into the polymer,resulting in significant increases in the viscosity and viscoelasticity of the synthesized supramolecular polymer *** double network gel,which is formed by the combination of the supramolecular polymer system and a small quantity of Zr-crosslinker,effectively resists temperature while minimizing permeability damage to the *** results indicate that the supramolecular polymer system with a molecular weight of(268—380)×10^(4)g/mol can achieve the same viscosity and viscoelasticity at 0.4 wt%due to the supramolecular interaction between polymers,compared to the 0.6 wt%traditional polymer(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide,molecular weight of 1078×10^(4)g/mol).The supramolecular polymer system possessed excellent proppant suspension properties with a 0.55 cm/min sedimentation rate at 0.4 wt%,whereas the0.6 wt%traditional polymer had a rate of 0.57 cm/*** comparison to the traditional gel with a Zrcrosslinker concentration of 0.6 wt%and an elastic modulus of 7.77 Pa,the double network gel with a higher elastic modulus(9.00 Pa)could be formed only at 0.1 wt%Zr-crosslinker,which greatly reduced the amount of residue of the fluid after *** viscosity of the double network gel was66 m Pa s after 2 h shearing,whereas the traditional gel only reached 27 m Pa s.

关键词： Ultra-deep reservoir Gel fracturing fluid Double network Supramolecular polymer system Proppant suspension property

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Probing the interaction between asphaltene-wax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy oil via molecular dynamics simulation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2839-2848页

作者： Yong Hu Xi Lu Hai-Bo Wang Ji-Chao Fang yi-ning wu Jian Fang Sun SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China)

High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in *** the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax is crucial to solve these problems,but it is still *** this paper,molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between asphaltenewax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy *** show that molecules in pure wax are arranged in a paralleled *** wax molecules in heavy oil,which are close to the surface of asphaltene aggregates,are bent and arranged *** the mass fraction of asphaltenes in asphaltene-wax system(ωasp) is 0-25 wt%,the attraction among wax molecules decreases and the bend degree of wax molecules increases with the increase of ω*** ωaspincreases from 0 to 25 wt%,and the attraction between asphaltene-wax is stronger than that among *** causes that the wax precipitation point changes from 353 to 333 *** the ωaspincreases to 50 wt%,wax molecules are more dispersed owing to the steric hindrance of asphaltene aggregates,and the interaction among wax molecules transforms from attraction to *** causes that the ordered crystal structure of waxes can't be formed at normal ***,the asphaltene,with the higher molecular weight or the more hetero atoms,has more obvious inhibition to the formation of wax ***,resins also have an obvious inhibition on the wax crystal due to the formation of asphalteneresin aggregates with a larger *** results reveal the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax,and provide useful guidelines for the development of heavy oil.

关键词： Heavy oil Interaction mechanism Asphaltenes Waxes Molecular dynamics

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An FTIR Study of Kyanite in the Maobei Kyanite-Bearing Eclogites from the Sulu Orogenic Belt, Eastern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第1期29卷 21-29页

作者： yi-ning wu Yong-Feng Wang School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Global Tectonic Center School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

As a minor phase, kyanite has been repeatedly shown to have experienced ultrahigh pressure （UHP） metamorphism together with its host eclogites. Thus, it could play some role in trans- porting water into the deep earth. Here we present a detailed investigation of water concentrations of kyanite, and for reference, of garnet and omphacite from four Maobei eclogites in the Sulu orogenic belt, eastern China. Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） measurements show that kyanites, garnets, and omphacites all have distinct hydroxyl absorption bands due to OH groups bound in their crystal struc- ture. The FTIR profile analyses on ten grains from different samples reveal a homogeneous distribution of water across kyanite, suggesting insignificant water loss during exhumation. The calculated water concentrations in kyanite （21 wt ppm-41 wt ppm） are comparable to those reported previously for kyanite from various geological occurrences when using the most recent calibration. They are however much lower compared with those in garnet （46 wt ppm-83 wt ppm） and omphacite （302 wt ppm-548 wt ppm） from the Maobei eclogites. This implies that kyanite is not a major water carrier in eclogites con- sidering its low volume fraction and contributes negligibly to transport water into the deep mantle ac- companying subducted oceanic crust until its possible transformation to AISiO3OH.

关键词： kyanite water contents eclogite Sulu orogenic belt.

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Quantitatively probing interactions between membrane with adaptable wettability and oil phase in oil/water separation

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2564-2574页

作者： Zhong-Zheng Xu Ming-Wei Zhao yi-ning wu Jia-Wei Liu ning Sun Zi-Zhao Wang yi-Ming Zhang Lin Li Cai-Li Dai Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry School of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong266580China Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development China University of Petroleum(East China)Ministry of EducationQingdaoShandong266580China

The membrane method based on adaptive wettability shows great advantages in oil-water *** present,researches focus on the excellent application performance of the membrane material,while the quantitative analysis of interactions in oil-water separation is rarely ***,we constructed an adaptable wettability membrane with multiple polymer networks by polydopamine(PDA)and mussel-inspired amphiphilic *** on the Owens three-probe liquid method,the surface energy of the modified membrane was verified to meet the adaptive wettability conditions,with surface energies(γ-8)of 147.6 mJ m^(−2)(superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic)and 49.87 mJ m^(−2)(superhydrophobic/superoleophobic),*** adhesion or repulsion of the membrane to the oil phase under different conditions during the separation process was quantified by the chemical probe AFM *** addition,the oil-water selective separation mechanism was further analyzed in a simplified membrane microchannel *** results show that the different wetting produces capillary additional pressure in opposite directions,resulting in different energies to be overcome when the oil or water passes through the microchannels,thus achieving selective separation.

关键词： Adaptable wettability Selective oil/water separation Interface interaction Probe AFM technique

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Lycium barbarum polysaccharides protects retinal ganglion cells against oxidative stress injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1526-1531页

作者： Lian Liu Xiao-Yuan Sha yi-ning wu Meng-Ting Chen Jing-Xiang Zhong Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated First Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Guangdong Women and Children HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species can exacerbate any injury of retinal tissue because free radicals can trigger lipid peroxidation,protein damage and DNA *** oxidative stress is associated with the common pathological process of many eye diseases,such as glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy and ischemic optic *** studies have demonstrated that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(LBP)protects against oxidative injury in numerous cells and *** the model of hypoxia we used cultured retinal ganglion cells and induced hypoxia by incubating with 200μM cobalt chloride(CoCl2)for 24 *** investigate the protective effect of LBP and its mechanism of action against oxidative stress injury,the retinal tissue was pretreated with 0.5 mg/mL LBP for 24 *** results of flow cytometric analysis showed LBP could effectively reduce the CoCl2-induced retinal ganglion cell apoptosis,inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species and the reduction of mitochondrial membrane *** findings suggested that LBP could protect retinal ganglion cells from CoCl2-induced apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species.

关键词： caspase cell apoptosis cobalt chloride Lycium barbarum polysaccharides mitochondrial membrane potential oxidative stress injury reactive oxygen species retinal ganglion cells

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Preparation and stabilization mechanism of carbon dots nanofluids for drag reduction

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Petroleum Science 2020年第6期17卷 1717-1725页

作者： yi-ning wu Yuan Li Meng-Jiao Cao Cai-Li Dai Long He Yu-Ping Yang Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfi eld Chemistry School of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Petroleum Engineering Institute Northwest Branch of SinopecUrumchi 830000China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 100007China

During the development of low or ultra-low permeability oil resources,the alternative energy supply becomes a prominent *** recent years,carbon dots(CDs)have drawn much attention owing to their application potential in oil fields for reducing injection pressure and augmenting oil ***,carbon dots characterized of small size,high surface energy are faced with several challenges,such as self-aggregation and *** preparation of stably dispersed carbon dots nanofluids is the key factor to guarantee its application performance in *** this work,we investigated the stability of hydrophilic carbon dots(HICDs)and hydrophobic carbon dots-Tween 80(HOCDs)*** influences of carbon dots concentration,sorts and concentration of salt ions as well as temperature on the stability of CDs were *** results showed that HICDs are more sensitive to sort and concentration of salt ions,while HOCDs are more sensitive to *** addition,the core flooding experiments demonstrated that the pressure reduction rate of HICDs and HOCDs nanofluids can be as high as 17.88%and 26.14%,***,the HICDs and HOCDs nanofluids show a good application potential in the reduction of injection pressure during the development of low and ultra-low permeability oil resources.

关键词： Carbon dots Nanofluids Drag reduction Stabilization mechanism Salt tolerance

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Probing the effect of Young's modulus on the plugging performance of micro-nano-scale dispersed particle gels

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 688-696页

作者： Zhi-Xuan Zhu Lin Li Jia-Wei Liu Jia Chen Zhong-Zheng Xu yi-ning wu Cai-Li Dai Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580ShandongChina Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry Department of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina

The effect of mechanical strength of the dispersed particle gel(DPG)on its macro plugging performance is significant,however,little study has been *** this paper,DPG particles with different mechanical strengths were obtained by mechanical shearing of bulk gels prepared with different ***’s moduli of DPG particles on the micro and nano scales were measured by atomic force microscope for the first *** mapping relationship among the formula of bulk gel,the Young’s moduli of the DPG particles and the final plugging performance were *** results showed that when the Young’s moduli of the DPG particles increased from 82 to 328 Pa,the plugging rate increased significantly from 91.46%to 97.10%due to the distinctly enhanced stacking density and strength at this *** when the Young’s moduli of the DPG particles surpassed 328 Pa,the further increase of plugging rate with the Young’s moduli of the DPG particles became *** results indicated that the improvement of plugging rate was more efficient by adjusting the Young’s moduli of the DPG particles within certain ranges,providing guidance for improving the macroscopic application properties of DPG systems in reservoir heterogeneity regulation.

关键词： Dispersed particle gel Mechanical strength Young’s modulus Atomic force microscope Plugging performance

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Nanoparticle stabilized emulsion with surface solidification for profile control in porous media

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 800-808页

作者： yi-ning wu Xiang Yan Ke Xu Ruo-Yu Wang Meng-Jiao Cao Xiao-Da Wang Yuan Li Cai-Li Dai Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry School of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580PR China Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development China University of Petroleum(East China)Ministry of EducationQingdao266580PR China Department of Energy and Resources Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Dongxin Oil Production Plant Shengli Oilfield CompanySINOPECDongying257000China College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China

Profile control is utilized to redirect the injection water to low permeability region where a large amount of crude oil *** gel particles are the commonly used agent for redistributing water by blocking the pores in high permeability *** the capability of deep penetration of performed gel particles is ***,we formulate nanoparticle stabilized emulsion(NSE).The stability and the effect of NSE on the fluid redirection in a three-dimensional porous medium were *** usingμ-PIV(particle image velocimetry),it was found that the velocity gradient of continuous fluid close to the nanoparticle stabilized droplets is much higher than that close to surfactant stabilized *** behaves as solid particle in preferential seepage channels,which will decrease effectively the permeability,thereby redirecting the subsequent injection ***,NSE shows high stability compared with emulsion stabilized by surfactant in static and dynamic *** addition,water flooding tests also confirm that the NSE can significantly reduce the permeability of porous media and redirect the fluid *** results demonstrate NSE owns high potential to act as profile control agent in deep formation.

关键词： Nanoparticles Emulsion stability Flow behavior Coalescence Profile control

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Probing the influence of secondary fracture connectivity on fracturing fluid flowback efficiency

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 973-981页

作者： yi-ning wu Li-Sha Tang Yuan Li Li-Yuan Zhang Xu Jin Ming-Wei Zhao Xiang Feng Cai-Li Dai School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina

A deep understanding of the geometric impacts of fracture on fracturing fluid flowback efficiency is essential for unconventional oil development. Using nuclear magnetic resonance and 2.5-dimensional matrix-fracture visualization microfluidic models, qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the influences of connectivity between primary fracture and secondary fracture on flowback were given from core scale to pore network scale. The flow patterns of oil-gel breaking fluid two-phase flow during flowback under different fracture connectivity were analyzed. We found some counterintuitive results that non-connected secondary fracture (NCSF, not connect with artificial primary fracture and embedded in the matrix) is detrimental to flowbackefficiency. The NCSF accelerates the formation of oil channeling during flowback, resulting in a large amount of fracturing fluid trapped in the matrix, which is not beneficial for flowback. Whereas the connected secondary fracture (CSF, connected with the artificial primary fracture) is conducive to flowback. The walls of CSF become part of primary fracture, which expands the drainage area with low resistance, and delays the formation of the oil flow channel. Thus, CSF increases the high-speed flowback stage duration, thereby enhancing the flowback efficiency. The fracturing fluid flowback efficiency investigated here follows the sequence of the connected secondary fracture model (72%) > the matrix model (66%) > the non-connected secondary fracture model (38%). Our results contribute to hydraulic fracturing design and the prediction of flowback efficiency.

关键词： Fracturing fluid Secondary fracture connectivity Flowback efficiency Dual media Microfluidic model

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The Functional Redundancy of Neddylation E2s and E3s in Modulating the Fitness of Regulatory T Cells

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 373-387页

作者： Di wu yi Sun Cancer Institute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education)of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China Cancer Center of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029China Zhejang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Zhejang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences Zhejang ProvinceChina Research Center for Life Science and Human Health Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310053China

Neddylation is necessary for activation of Cullin-RING ligases(CRLs),which degrade various immune regulatory *** recent study showed that while depletion of neddylation E2-E3 pair Ube2f-Sag in regulatory T(T_(reg))cells had no obvious phenotype,the same depletion of either Ube2m or Rbx1 caused inflammation disorders with different *** these E2s or E3s compensate each other in functional regulations of T_(reg)cells is,however,previously *** this report,we generated Foxp3^(Cre);Ube2m^(fl/fl);Ube2f^(fl/fl)or Foxp3^(Cre);Rbx1^(fl/fl);Sag^(fl/fl)double-null mice by simultaneous deletion of both neddylation E2s or E3s in T_(reg)cells,***,Ube2m&Ube2f double-null mice developed much severe autoimmune phenotypes than did Ube2m-null mice,indicating that Ube2m markedly compensates Ube2f in T_(reg)*** minor worsened autoimmune phenotypes seen at the very early stage in Rbx1&Sag double-null than Rbx1-null mice is likely due to already severe phenotypes of the later,indicating a minor compensation of Rbx1 for *** RNA profiling-based analyses revealed that up-and down-regulations of few signaling pathways in T_(reg)cells are associated with the severity of autoimmune ***,severer inflammation phenotypes seen in mice with double E3-null than with double E2-null T_(reg)cells indicate a neddylation-independent mechanism of 2 E3s,also known to serve as the RING component of CRLs in regulation of T_(reg)cell fitness.

关键词： Foxp3 inflammation markedly

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