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Hepatitis B virus infection and renal transplantation

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第31期16卷 3878-3887页

作者： Ming-Chao Tsai yen-Ta chen Yu-Shu Chien Tsung-Hui Hu Division of Hepato-Gas-troenterology Department of Internal MedicineChang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung Medical CenterChang Gung University College of Medicine123Ta-Pei RoadNiao-Sung HsiangKaohsiung Hsien 833Taiwan China Department of Urology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung Medical CenterChang Gung University College of Medicine123Ta-Pei RoadNiao-Sung HsiangKaohsiung Hsien 833 TaiwanChina Division of Nephrology De-partment of Internal MedicineChang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung Medical CenterChang Gung University College of Medicine123Ta-Pei RoadNiao-Sung HsiangKaohsiung Hsien 833Taiwan China

Although the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has declined in renal transplant recipients (RTRs), it remains a relevant clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality in long-term follow up. A thorough evaluation, including liver biopsy as well as assessment of HBV replication in serum (i.e. hepatitis B e antigen and/or HBV DNA) is required before transplantation. Interferon should not be used in this setting because of low efficacy and precipitation on acute allograft rejection. The advent of effective antiviral therapies offers the opportunity to prevent the progression of liver disease after renal transplantation. However, as far as we are aware, no studies have compared prophylactic and preemptive strategies. To date, the majority of RTRs with HBV-related liver disease have had a high virological and biochemical response to lamivudine use. However, lamivudine resistance is frequent with a prolonged course of therapy. Considering long-term treatment, antiviral agents with a high genetic barrier to resistance and lack of nephrotoxicity are suggested. The optimal strategy in RTRs with HBV infection remains to be established in the near future.

关键词： Hepatitis B Renal transplantation Lamivudine resistance

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CO_2 sequestration utilizing basic-oxygen furnace slag:Controlling factors,reaction mechanisms and V–Cr concerns

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 99-111页

作者： Tung-Hsin Su Huai-Jen Yang yen-Hong Shau Eiichi Takazawa Yu-chen Lee Department of Earth Sciences National Cheng-Kung UniversityTainan 70101Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung 80424Taiwan Department of Geology Niigata University8050Ikarashi 2-no-choNishi-kuNiigata 950-2182Japan China Steel Corporation 1Chung-Kang Rd.Kaohsiung 81233Taiwan

Basic-oxygen furnace slag（BOF-slag） contains 〉35%CaO,a potential component for CO_*** this study,slag-water-CO_2 reaction experiments were conducted with the longest reaction duration extending to 96 hr under high CO_2 pressures of 100-300 kg/cm2 to optimize BOF-slag carbonation conditions,to address carbonation mechanisms,and to evaluate the extents of V and Cr release from slag *** slag carbonation degree generally reached the maximum values after 24 hr slag-water-CO_2 reaction and was controlled by slag particle size and reaction *** maximum carbonation degree of 71%was produced from the experiment using fine slag of〈0.5 mm under 100℃and a CO_2 pressure of 250 kg/cm^2 with a water/slag ratio of *** release from the slag to water was significantly enhanced（generally 〉2 orders） by slag *** contrast,slag carbonation did not promote chromium release until the reaction duration exceeded 24 ***,the water chromium content was generally at least an order lower than the vanadium concentration,which decreased when the reaction duration exceeded 24 ***,long reaction durations of 48-96 hr are proposed to reduce environmental impacts while keeping high carbonation *** textures and water compositions indicated that Mg-wustite,in addition to CaO-containing minerals,can also be ***,the conventional expression that only considered carbonation of the CaO-containing minerals undervalued the CO_2 sequestration capability of the BOF-slag by^20%.Therefore,the BOF-slag is a better CO_2 storage medium than that previously recognized.

关键词： Mineral CO_2 sequestration BOF-slag Carbonation

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Robust Watermarking Algorithm for Medical Images Based on Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform and Schur Decomposition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5539-5554页

作者： Meng Yang Jingbing Li Uzair Aslam Bhatti Chunyan Shao yen-Wei chen School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan UniversityKyoto5258577Japan

With the development of digitalization in healthcare,more and more information is delivered and stored in digital form,facilitating people’s lives *** the meanwhile,privacy leakage and security issues come along with *** watermarking can solve this problem *** protect the security of medical information and improve the algorithm’s robustness,this paper proposes a robust watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform(NSST)and Schur ***,the low-frequency subband image of the original medical image is obtained by NSST and ***,the Schur decomposition of low-frequency blocks to get stable values,extracting the maximum absolute value of the diagonal elements of the upper triangle matrix after the Schur decom-position of each low-frequency block and constructing the transition matrix from ***,the mean of the matrix is compared to each element’s value,creating a feature matrix by combining perceptual hashing,and selecting 32 bits as the feature ***,the feature vector is exclusive OR(XOR)operated with the encrypted watermark information to get the zero watermark and complete registration with a third-party copyright certification *** data show that the Normalized Correlation(NC)values of watermarks extracted in random carrier medical images are above 0.5,with higher robustness than traditional algorithms,especially against geometric attacks and achieve watermark information invisibility without altering the carrier medical image.

关键词： Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform(NSST) Schur decomposition perceptual hashing chaotic mapping zero watermark

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Thalidomide-based multidisciplinary treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:A retrospective analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第5期18卷 466-471页

作者： Yang-Yuan chen Hsu-Heng yen Kun-Ching Chou Shun-Sheng Wu Department of Gastroenterology ChinaMedical University Hospital China Medical University Taic-hung 40000 Taiwan China Depart-ment of Gastroenterology Changhua Christian Medical CenterChanghua 50000 Taiwan China

AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of thalidomide in com- bination with other therapies to treat patients with ad- vanced hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients with HCC who were treated with thalido- mide for at least two months. The medical records of patients with HCC who were treated at our institution between April 2003 and March 2008 were reviewed. Image studies performed before and after treatment, tumor response, overall survival, and the decrease in o-fetoprotein （AFP） levels were evaluated. RESULTS： A total of 53 patients with HCC received either 100 or 200 mg/d of thalidomide. The patient population consisted of 9 women and 44 men with a median age of 61 years. Thirty patients （56.6%） were classified as Child-Pugh A, and 12 patients （22.6%） were classified as Child-Pugh B. Twenty-six patients had portal vein thrombosis （49.1%）, and 25 patients had extrahepatic metastasis （47.1%）. The median duration of thalidomide treatment was 6.0 mo. Six of the 53 patients achieved a confirmed response （11.3%）, one achieved a complete response （1.9%） and 5 achieved a partial response （9.4%）. The disease control rate （CR ＋ PR ＋ SD） was 28.3% （95% CI： 17.8-42.4）, and the median overall survival rate was 10.5 too. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 45% and 20%, respectively. Only one complete response patient showed an im- proved overall survival rate of 66.8 mo. Sixteen patients （30.2%） showed more than a 50% decrease in their serum AFP levels from baseline, indicating a better re- sponse rate （31.3%）, disease control rate （43.8%）, and overall survival time （20.7 mo）. The therapy was well tolerated, and no significant toxicities were observed. CONCLUSION： Thalidomide was found to be safe for advanced HCC patients, demonstrating anti-tumor ac- tivity including response, survival, and AFP decreases of greater than 50% from baseline.

关键词： Thalidomide Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Weight loss induced by whole grain-rich diet is through a gut microbiota-independent mechanism

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第2期11卷 26-32页

作者： Wen-Chi Wu Akio Inui Chih-yen chen Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 11217Taiwan Pharmacological Department of Herbal Medicine Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 890-8544Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 11217Taiwan Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Emergency and Critical Medicine National Yang-Ming University School of MedicineTaipei 11221Taiwan Association for the Study of Small Intestinal Diseases Taoyuan 33305Taiwan Chinese Taipei Society for the Study of Obesity Taipei 110Taiwan

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased *** is a well-known risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and raises public health *** dietary guidelines encourage the replacement of refined grains with whole grains(WGs)to enhance body weight *** evidence regarding interrelationships among WGs,body weight,and gut microbiota is limited and *** this editorial,we comment on the article by Roager et al published in the recent issue of the Gut 2019;68(1):*** the study,obese patients(25

关键词： Whole grain Obesity Microbiota Short-chain fatty acids Brown adipose tissue Adiponectin

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Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第4期9卷 335-340页

作者： Yi-jen chen Shi-ping LUH Kun-yen HSU cheng-ren chen Thomas Chang-yao TSAO Jia-yuh chen Department of Medicine Chia-Yi Christian Hospital 600 Chia-Yi Taiwan China Department of Thoracic Surgery Chia-Yi Christian Hospital 600 Chia-Yi Taiwan China Department of Medicine Chung-Shan Medical University 402 Taichung Taiwan China Institute of Life Science National Chung-Cheng University 600 Chia-Yi Taiwan China

Objective： To review our experience of the treatment of bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax （PSP） by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS）. Materials and methods： Retrospective chart review was followed by an on-clinic or telephone interview. Patients were cared for by one thoracic surgeon in four medical centers or community hospitals in Northern and Central Taiwan. Thirteen patients with bilateral PSP underwent bilateral VATS simultaneously or sequentially from July 1994 to December 2005. Results： Twelve males and one female, with age ranging from 15 to 36 years （mean 23.1 years）, were treated with VATS for bilateral PSP, under the indications of bilateral pneumothoracis simultaneously （n=4） or sequentially （n=9）. The interval between the first and second contra-lateral VATS procedure for non-simultaneous PSP patients ranged from 7 d to 6 years. Eleven of 13 patients （84.6%） had prominent pulmonary bullae/blebs, and underwent bullae resection with mechanical or chemical pleurodesis. The mean operative time was （45.6±18.3） min （range 25-96 min） and （120.6±28.7） min （range 84-166 min） respectively for the non-simultaneous （second VATS for the recurrence of contralateral side after first VATS） and simultaneous （bilateral VATS in one operation） procedures. There was no postoperative mortality. However, prolonged air leakage （〉7 d） occurred in one patient （7.7%） who recovered after conservative treatment. The mean duration of chest tube drainage was 3.1 d and the median follow up period was 3.4 years. Conclusions： VATS is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of bilateral PSP. Bilateral VATS is only recommended for patients with simultaneously bilateral PSP, because the incidence of recurrence, even with visible bullae, was not so high in my group and in some previous literature. Bilateral VATS in a supine position should only be used in selective cases, because of possible pleural adhesion or hidden bullae on the posterior side.

关键词： Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP)

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Effect of synbiotics on intestinal microflora and digestive enzyme activities in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第47期11卷 7413-7417页

作者： Suh-Ching Yang Ju-yen chen Huey-Fang Shang Ting-Ying cheng Su chen Tsou Jiun-Rong chen School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Public Health and NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Viva Life Science/Westar Nutrition Costa MesaCAUnited States

AIM: To investigate the effect of synbiotics, i.e. probiotics and prebiotics mixture, on the gut microbial ecology and digestive enzyme activities in rats. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats weighing about 280 g were used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups according to the contents of probiotics and prebiotics mixture in the feed as control, low and high dose groups. The duration of the experiment was 8 wk. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, thefecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were significantly increased and the fecal Coliform organism counts were markedly reduced in the low and high dose groups. Concerning the digestive enzyme activity of jejunum, only lactase activity increased in low dose group. However, significant increase of lipase, lactase, sucrase, and isomaltase activities were observed in high dose ***: Intake of low and high dosages of probiotics and prebiotics mixture significantly improved the ecosystem of the intestinal tract by increasing the probiotics population and digestive enzyme activities in rats.

关键词： Synbiotics Intestinal microflora Digestive enzyme activity

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Lessons in bridge damage learned from the Wenchuan earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第2期8卷 275-285页

作者： W. Phillip yen Genda chen Mark Yashinski Youssef Hashash Curtis Holu Wang Kehai GuoXiaodong Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center of Federal Highway Administration （FWHA） Center for Transportation Infrastructure and Safety （CTIS） a National University Transportation Center at Missouri University of Science and Technology California Department of Transportation Representing the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute （EERI） University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign and Representing Geo-Engineering Earthquake Reconnaissance （GEER） Mid-America Earthquake Center （MAE） University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Research Institute of Highway the Ministry of Communication of China Sichuan Province Highway Planning Survey Design and Research Institute China

A strong earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, on May 12, 2008. Shortly after the earthquake, the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center of the Federal Highway Administration, in partnership with the Research Institute of Highways, the Ministry of Communication of China, led a reconnaissance team to conduct a post-earthquake bridge performance investigation of the transportation system in the earthquake affected areas. The U.S. transportation system reconnaissance team visited the area during July 20 24, 2008. This paper presents the findings and lessons learned by the team.

关键词： earthquake engineering bridge engineering post earthquake investigation

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Occurrence, spatial distribution and ecological risks of antibiotics in soil in urban agglomeration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 678-690页

作者： Min Li Lei Yang Haw yen Fangkai Zhao Xinmiao Wang Tianhui Zhou Qingyu Feng Liding chen State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn UniversityTexas 36849USA School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Antibiotics in soil environment are regarded as emerging pollutants and have introduced increasing risks to soil ecosystem and human health in rapid urbanization areas. Identifying the occurrence and spatial variability of antibiotics in soils is an urgent issue in sustaining soil security. In this study, antibiotics in soils were investigated and analyzed in BeijingTianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. The occurrence, spatial distribution, and related affecting factors of antibiotics in soils were identified and ecological risks of antibiotics in soil environment were assessed. Results showed that(1) The mean concentration of soil antibiotics in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was 21.79 μg/kg. Land use substantially affected the occurrence and concentration of antibiotics in soils. Concentrations of antibiotics in cropland and orchard soils were 2-3 times higher than the other land use types.(2)The concentrations of antibiotics in soils in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration presented a spatial pattern of high values in southeast, and low values in northwest. Spatial variability of antibiotics in soils was closely related to the application of organic fertilizer and wastewater irrigation as well as topographical features. Furthermore, soil properties and land management policy had substantial influences on soil antibiotics, and soil heavy metals may aggravate the accumulation of antibiotics in soils.(3) Ecological risks assessment of antibiotics in soils demonstrated that erythromycin(ERY), sulfamethoxazole(SMX), and doxycycline(DOX) may introduce high risks to soil ecosystem health, and more attention should be paid to the areas with intensive human activities that had potential high risk to soil ecosystem health. This study suggests that scientific land and soil management should be considered to prevent soil antibiotic pollution and sustain soil security in urban agglomeration.

关键词： Antibiotics Urban agglomeration Land use Land management Urban-rural environmental gradient

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Nationwide cohort study suggests that nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy decreases dialysis risk in Taiwan Residents chronic kidney disease patients acquiring hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第8期24卷 917-928页

作者： Yi-Chun chen Chung-Yi Li Shiang-Jiun Tsai yen-Chun chen Department of Internal Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationChiayi County 622Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 970Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Public Health College of MedicineNational Cheng Hung UniversityTainan 701Taiwan Department of Public Health College of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404Taiwan Department of Medical Research Dalin Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationChiayi County 622Taiwan Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineDalin Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationChiayi County 622Taiwan

AIM To investigate the risk of end-stage renal disease(ESRD) in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) with and without nucleos(t)ide analogue(NA) *** This nationwide cohort study included 103444 Taiwan Residents CKD adults without hepatitis C virus infection from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 between 1997 and 2012. We identified 2916 CKD patients who acquired HBV infection and did not receive NAs(untreated cohort), and they were propensitymatched 1:4 with 11664 uninfected counterparts. We also identified 442 CKD patients who acquired HBV infection and received NAs(treated cohort), and they were propensity-matched 1:3 with 1326 untreated counterparts. The association between HBV infection, NA use, and ESRD was analyzed using competing risk *** Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed a 1.67-fold higher risk(P < 0.0001) of ESRD in the untreated cohort(16-year cumulative incidence, 10.1%) than in the matched uninfected cohort(16-year cumulative incidence, 6.6%), which was independent of cirrhosis or diabetes. The treated cohort(16-year cumulative incidence, 2.2%) had an 87% lower ESRD risk(P < 0.0001) compared with the matched untreated cohort(16-year cumulative incidence, 11.9%). The number needed to treat for one fewer ESRD after NA use at 12 years was 12. Multivariable stratified analyses verified these associations in all *** This study suggests that untreated HBV infection and NA therapy are associated with increased and decreased risk of ESRD, respectively, in CKD patients. Identification of HBV status and targeted monitoring for ESRD development are important in CKD patients living in HBV-endemic areas.

关键词： hepatitis B virus chronic kidney disease end-stage renal disease nucleos(t)ide analogue cohort study

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