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Conversion Synergies during Steam Co-Gasification of Ligno-Cellulosic Simulated Biomass with Coal

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2012年第4期2卷 97-103页

作者： Joseph H. Kihedu Ryo Yoshiie Yoko Nunome yasuaki ueki Ichiro Naruse EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan

Lignin and cellulose chemicals were used as artificial biomass components to make-up a simulated biomass. Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal (AAEM) as well as volatile matter contents in these chemicals were much different from each other. Co-gasification of coal with simulated biomass shows improved conversion characteristics in comparison to the average calculated from separate conversion of coal and simulated biomass. Two conversion synergetic peaks were observed whereby the first peak occurred around 400℃ while the second one occurred above 800℃. Although co-gasification of coal with lignin that has high AAEM content also shows two synergy peaks, the one at higher temperature is dominant. Co-gasification of coal with cellulose shows only a single synergy peak around 400℃ indicating that synergy at low temperature is related with interaction of volatiles. Investigation of morphology changes during gasification of lignin and coal, suggests that their low reactivity is associated with their solid shape maintained even at high temperature.

关键词： Co-Gasification Synergy Biomass Cellulose Lignin

从废塑料和铁氧化物混合物中获得还原铁和有价气体产品

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从废塑料和铁氧化物混合物中获得还原铁和有价气体产品

Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

作者： Koki Nishioka yasuaki ueki Ko-ichiro Ohno Takayuki Maeda Masakata Shimizu 材料科学与工程部日本九州大学日本九州大学

废塑料的有效利用是环保的关键技术之一。本文对从废塑料(聚乙烯和固形燃料RDF)和铁氧化物混合物中生产还原铁、H和CO进行了基础研究。混合物在氩气氛下被加热至1000℃300℃,而样品生成气的浓度采用四磁极质谱仪连续测量。研究表明:在1... 详细信息

废塑料的有效利用是环保的关键技术之一。本文对从废塑料(聚乙烯和固形燃料RDF)和铁氧化物混合物中生产还原铁、H和CO进行了基础研究。混合物在氩气氛下被加热至1000℃300℃,而样品生成气的浓度采用四磁极质谱仪连续测量。研究表明:在1300℃下,无论是废塑料的热分解还是混合样品的还原,废塑料的H转化率都可以达到60%0%。在混合样品的还原中,1300℃下,CO的转化率达到70%0%。在1200℃C和1300℃下,含RDF的样品的最终还原率均为100%。用废塑料做为还原剂使用时,含大量固定碳的废塑料适于获得高的还原率。

关键词：废塑料铁氧化物氢气还原铁还原

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

Mechanism of selective hydrolysis of alginates under hydrothermal conditions

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第3期7卷 173-179页

作者： Taku Michael Aida yasuaki Kumagai Richard Lee Smith Jr Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringFukuoka UniversityNanakuma Jonan-kuFukuoka 814-0180Japan Research Center of Composite Material Fukuoka UniversityNanakuma Jonan-kuFukuoka814-0180Japan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai980-8579Japan

Mechanisms of selective hydrolysis of alginates under hydrothermal conditions were investigated by comparing reactivities of sodium alginate(Na-ALG,960 ku)solutions and calcium alginate(Ca-ALG)gels as *** hydrothermal conditions(150°C),hydrolysis of Na-ALG gave product molecular weights of 223,66,26 and 17 ku while those of Ca-ALG gave product molecular weights of 340,102,45 and 31 ku for reaction times of 10,20,30 and 60 min,*** ratios of mannuronic acid(M)to guluronic acid(G)varied only slightly(from 1.3 to 1.2)for Na-ALG over the range of reaction times at 150°C,while ratios(M/G)for Ca-ALG exhibited a remarkable decrease(from 1.1 to 0.8).Diad sequence of alginate products obtained for Na-ALG were 17%,23%,27%and 31%(GG);30%,32%,36%and 38%(MM);and 53%,46%,37%and 32%(GM+MG);while for Ca-ALG they were 18%,22%,24%and 33%(GG);26%,23%,26%and 18%(MM);and 56%,54%,50%and 48%(GM+MG).Reaction mechanisms are proposed for hydrolysis of alginate solutions and alginate gels under hydrothermal conditions;de-polymerization of alginates into monomers and monomeric sequences can be controlled not only by hydrothermal conditions,but also by varying the physical state(solution,gel)of the starting materials.

关键词： Biomaterial Biopolymer De-polymerization High temperature water

Isolated pancreatic metastasis from a malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fne needle aspiration biopsy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 196-198页

作者： Yuki Ishikawa-Kakiya Hirotsugu Maruyama Kojiro Tanoue Shusei Fukunaga yasuaki Nagami Yasuhiro Fujiwara Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine1-4-3AsahimachiAbeno-kuOsaka 545-8585Japan

To the Editor:Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer with a poor prognosis [1].Its progression is mainly a direct invasion from the primary lesion,and metastasis to distant regions rarely *** was found that metastasis of malignant pleural mesothelioma may occur in the liver,adrenal glands,and kidneys in autopsy cases [2].

关键词： metastasis pleural needle

To Gate, or Not to Gate： Regulatory Mechanisms for Intercellular Protein Transport and Virus Movement in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 782-793页

作者： Shoko ueki Vitaly Citovsky Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama University 2-20-1 Chuo Kurashiki Okayama 710-0046 Japan Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology State University of New York Stony Brook NY 11794-5215 USA

Cell-to-cell signal transduction is vital for orchestrating the whole-body physiology of multi-cellular organ- isms, and many endogenous macromolecules, proteins, and nucleic acids function as such transported signals. In plants, many of these molecules are transported through plasmodesmata （Pd）, the cell wall-spanning channel structures that interconnect plant cells. Furthermore, Pd also act as conduits for cell-to-cell movement of most plant viruses that have evolved to pirate these channels to spread the infection. Pd transport is presumed to be highly selective, and only a limited repertoire of molecules is transported through these channels. Recent studies have begun to unravel mechanisms that actively regulate the opening of the Pd channel to allow traffic. This macromolecular transport between cells comprises two consecutive steps： intracellular targeting to Pd and translocation through the channel to the adjacent cell. Here, we review the current knowledge of molecular species that are transported though Pd and the mechanisms that control this traffic. Generally, Pd traffic can occur by passive diffusion through the trans-Pd cytoplasm or through the membrane/lu- men of the trans-Pd ER, or by active transport that includes protein-protein interactions. It is this latter mode of Pd trans- port that is involved in intercellular traffic of most signal molecules and is regulated by distinct and sometimes interdependent mechanisms, which represent the focus of this article.

关键词： Plasmodesmata cell-to-cell transport plant viruses transcription factors

Velocity and Size of Droplets in Dense Region of Diesel Fuel Spray on Transient Needle Opening Condition

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第2期14卷 181-186页

作者： Hironobu ueki Masahiro ISHIDA Daisaku SAKAGUCHI Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521JapanNagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 852-8521JapanNagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 852-8521Japan

In order to investigate the effect of transient needle opening on early stage of spray behavior, simultaneous measurements of velocity and size of droplet were conducted by a newly developed laser 2-focus velocimeter (L2F). The micro-scale probe of the L2F was consisted of two foci with a distance of 36μm. The tested nozzle had a single hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm. The measurements of injection pressure, needle lift, and crank angle were synchronized with the spray measurement by the L2F at the position 10 mm downstream from the nozzle exit. It has been clearly shown that the velocity and size of droplet increase with needle valve opening and that the probability density distribution of droplet size can be fitted to the Nukiyama-Tanasawa distribution under the transient needle opening condition.

关键词：液滴分解光学特征激光2-聚焦速度计柴油机油料喷嘴

Desulfovibrio vulgaris as a model microbe for the study of corrosion under sulfate-reducing conditions

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mLife 2022年第1期1卷 13-20页

作者： Toshiyuki ueki Derek R.Lovley Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationElectrobiomaterials InstituteNortheastern UniversityShenyangChina Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts AmherstMAUSA.

Corrosion of iron-containing metals under sulfate-reducing conditions is an economically important *** strains now known as Desulfovibrio vulgaris served as the model microbes in many of the foundational studies that developed existing models for the corrosion of iron-containing metals under sulfate-reducing *** mechanisms for corrosion by *** include:(1)H2 consumption to accelerate the oxidation of Fe0 coupled to the reduction of protons to H2;(2)production of sulfide that combines with ferrous iron to form iron sulfide coatings that promote H2 production;(3)moribund cells release hydrogenases that catalyze Fe0 oxidation with the production of H2;(4)direct electron transfer from Fe0 to cells;and(5)flavins serving as an electron shuttle for electron transfer between Fe0 and *** demonstrated possibility of conducting transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of cells growing on metal surfaces suggests that similar studies on *** corrosion biofilms can aid in identifying proteins that play an important role in *** for making targeted gene deletions in *** are available for functional genetic *** approaches,coupled with instrumentation for the detection of low concentrations of H2,and proven techniques for evaluating putative electron shuttle function,are expected to make it possible to determine which of the proposed mechanisms for *** corrosion are most important.

关键词： corrosion Desulfovibrio electron shuttle extracellular electron transfer Fe0 oxidation hydrogenase hydrogen uptake sulfate reduction sulfide

The impact of tropical land-use change on downstream riverine and estuarine water properties and biogeochemical cycles: a review

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 528-548页

作者： yasuaki Tanaka Elizerberth Minggat Wardina Roseli Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

Tropical primary forests have been disappearing quickly to make use of the land for commercial ***-use change has an impact on downstream aquatic processes,but those impacts have mainly been studied in temperate climate *** present article reviews the impacts of various tropical land-use changes caused by human activities on downstream riverine and estuarine water properties and biogeochemical cycles,focusing especially on the behaviors of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).Logging of tropical primary forests,subsequent establishment of pasture lands,and occasional wildfire or intentional burning have decreased terrestrial N fixation and increased the discharge of P combined with soils,which has lowered the N:P ratio of dissolved inorganic nutrients in the adjacent stream waters and downstream *** fertilizers and aquacultural practices basically cause nutrient enrichment in downstream riverine and estuarine waters,changing the N:P ratio depending on the ***,urbanization causes eutrophication in many tropical estuaries,where a halocline forms easily because of a warm temperature throughout the year and the water at the bottom of the estuary tends to become hypoxic or ***,the impact of land-use change on aquatic processes may be more serious in tropical regions than in temperate or cold climate regions because of(1)a higher biomass and nutrient stock in original tropical forests;(2)higher precipitation,more frequent episodic flooding,and warmer temperatures in tropical regions;and(3)certain practices that are rapidly expanding in tropical regions such as land-based *** land-use changes are causing downstream nutrient enrichment or disturbance of the nutrient balance at tropical land-sea interfaces,and the overall N:P ratios in the aquatic ecosystem seem to be ***,if proper management is conducted and the discharge of nutrients and soils ceases,tropical aquatic systems may have the pote

关键词： Deforestation Land-use change Eutrophication Water quality Hypoxia Environmental monitoring Aquatic conservation Water resources