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Requirement Change Management in Global Software Environment Using Cloud Computing

Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2014年第8期7卷 694-699页

作者： Saiqa Bibi yasir hafeez Muhammad Shabbir Hassan Zartasha Gul Huma Pervez Irfan Ahmed Saira Mazhar PirMehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Institute of Information Technology Rawalpindi Pakistan

The successful implementation of any software project depends upon the requirements. Change in requirements at any stage during the life cycle of software development is taken as a healthy process. However, making out this change in a co-located environment is somewhat easier than the distributed environment where stakeholders are scattered at more than one location. This raises many challenges?i.e.?coordination, communication & control, managing change effectively and efficiently and managing central repository. Thus, cloud computing can be applied to minimize these challenges among the stakeholders. We have used a case study to evaluate the framework using cloud computing.

关键词： Challenges of Requirement Change Management Role of Cloud Computing in GSD Benefits of Cloud Computing

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Magnetically treated water irrigation effect on turnip seed germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2016年第2期3卷 99-106页

作者： Zia ul Haq Munawar Iqbal yasir Jamil hafeez Anwar Ayesha Younis Muhammad Arif M.Zeshan Fareed Fida Hussain Department of Physics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Chemistry Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100KPKPakistan Laser Spectroscopy Lab Department of PhysicsUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Botany Islamia CollegePeshawar 25100Pakistan

Pre-sowing magnetic field seed treatment effects on biological characteristics of vegetables and crops have been studied ***,studies reporting irrigation with magnetically treated water are ***,the effect of irrigation with magnetically treated water on turnip seed germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities was *** tap water was treated at 211 mT for 30,45 and 60 min and used for irrigation of turnip seed and *** and healthy turnip seed was sown under randomized complete block design(RCBD).The germination,emergence rate index,vigor index I and vigor index II increased up to 28.33%,11.54%,57.59%and 32.26%,*** growth parameters such as seedling lengths,fresh&dry weights,chlorophyll content were also enhanced in response of irrigation with magnetically treated *** seedlings irrigated with magnetically treated water showed 28.92%,11.36%and 14.76%higher protein content,alpha amylase and protease activities,respectively vs *** revealed that irrigation with magnetically treated water has potential to improve turnip germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities and this study is also extendable to other vegetables and crops for the improvement of germination and growth.

关键词： Turnip Brassica rapa L. Magnetically treated water Seedling growth Biochemicals

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National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

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