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Direct generation of Zn metal using laser-induced ZnS to eradicate carbon emissions from electrolysis Zn production

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 83-95页

作者： Ying Chen Ning Duan Linhua jiang Fuyuan Xu Guangbin Zhu yao Wang Yong Liu Wen Cheng Yanli Xu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science&TechnologyHuainan 232001China

In response to the goal of net-zero emissions proposed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Chinese government has pledged that carbon emissions will peak by 2030, and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. However, the high carbon energy structure of traditional industries has aggravated environmental problems, such as greenhouse effect and air pollution. The goal of carbon neutrality will be difficult to achieve without the development of disruptive theories and technologies. The electrolytic zinc industry requires high-temperature roasting at ~1000 ℃, generating large amounts of greenhouse gases and SO_(2). High concentrations of sulfuric acid (200 g/L) are subsequently used for electrolysis, and each ton of zinc produced generates 50 kg of anode slime with lead content of up to 16%, as well as 0.35 m3 of wastewater containing zinc and lead. To solve these problems, an optical metallurgy method is proposed in this study. The proposed method uses laser-induced photoreduction to decompose ZnS and reduce metal ions to metal. Results indicate that Zn0 and S8 can be detected on the surface of ZnS at a specific wavelength and laser fluence. The generation mechanism of Zn0 is such that laser induces an electronic transition that breaks ionic bond in ZnS, resulting in its decomposition and photoreduction to Zn0 under an inert argon gas atmosphere. This method does not reduce other metals in the mineral since it does not use high-temperature roasting, providing a new way of producing high-purity metal without greenhouse gas emissions and heavy metal pollution caused by traditional zinc electrolysis.

关键词： Laser metallurgy ZnS Photochemical reduction Zinc

Near-infrared electrochromism of multilayer films of a cyclometalated diruthenium complex prepared by layer-by-layer deposition on metal oxide substrates

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第12期62卷 1675-1685页

作者： Zhi-Juan Li Chang-jiang yao Yu-Wu Zhong Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A cyclometalated diruthenium complex 2 bridged by 1,2,4,5-tetra(pyrid-2-yl)benzene with six carboxylic acid groups at two ends was *** and multilayer films FTO/TiO2/(2)n(Zr)(n=1,2)and FTO/SnO2:Sb/(2)n(Zr)(n=1-4)have been prepared via interfacial layer-by-layer coordination assembly of 2 with zirconium(IV)*** films show two consecutive redox couples in the potential range between 0 and+1.0 V ***/*** films exhibit reversible near-infrared electrochromism upon switching of redox *** response time of the films on SnO2:Sb is around a few seconds,while that on TiO2 is around a few tens of *** film deposition cycles were found to have a great impact on the electrochromic *** six films examined,the two-layered film on SnO2:Sb displays the best balanced performance with a contrast ratio of 56%at 1,150 nm and good cyclic stability(9%loss of contrast ratio after 1,000 continuous double-potential-switching cycles),which is superior to that of the previously reported electropolymerized films of a related diruthenium complex with the same bridging *** addition,the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and electron transfer mechanism of these films have been investigated.

关键词： electrochromism diruthenium complexes multilayer films metal oxides layer-by-layer assembly

Mechanical behaviors of backfill-rock composites: Physical shear test and back-analysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 807-827页

作者： Jie Xin Quan jiang Fengqiang Gong Lang Liu Chang Liu Qiang Liu yao Yang Pengfei Chen State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Civil Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Energy School Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710054China

The shear behavior of backfill-rock composites is crucial for mine safety and the management of surface *** exposing the shear failure mechanism of backfill-rock composites,we conducted shear tests on backfill-rock composites under three constant normal loads,compared with the unfilled *** investigate the macro-and meso-failure characteristics of the samples in the shear tests,the cracking behavior of samples was recorded by a high-speed camera and acoustic emission *** parallel with the experimental test,the numerical models of backfill-rock composites and unfilled rock were established using the discrete element method to analyze the continuous-discontinuous shearing *** on the damage mechanics and statistics,a novel shear constitutive model was proposed to describe mechanical *** results show that backfill-rock composites had a special bimodal phenomenon of shearing load-deformation curve,*** first shearing peak corresponded to rock break and the second shearing peak induced by the broken of aeolian sand-cement/fly ash paste ***,the shearing characteristic curves of the backfill-rock composites could be roughly divided into four stages,*** shear failure of the specimens experienced:stage I:stress concentration;stage II:crack propagation;stage III:crack coalescence;stage IV:shearing *** numerical simulation shows that the existence of aeolian sand-cement/fly ash paste backfill inevitably altered the coalescence type and failure mode of the specimens and had a strengthening effect on the shear strength of backfillrock *** on damage mechanics and statistics,a shear constitutive model was proposed to describe the shear fracture characteristics of specimens,especially the bimodal ***,the micro-and meso-mechanisms of shear failure were discussed by combining the micro-test and numerical *** research can advance the better understanding of the shear behavior of

关键词： Physical simulation Backfill-rock composites Shear failure Cracking Shear constitutive model

Ultraviolet‑Irradiated All‑Organic Nanocomposites with Polymer Dots for High‑Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 398-406页

作者： Jiale Ding yao Zhou Wenhan Xu Fan Yang Danying Zhao Yunhe Zhang Zhenhua jiang Qing Wang College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USAs Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Polymer dielectrics capable of operating efficiently at high electric fields and elevated temperatures are urgently demanded by next-generation electronics and electrical power *** inorganic fillers have been extensively utilized to improved high-temperature capacitive performance of dielectric polymers,the presence of thermodynamically incompatible organic and inorganic components may lead to concern about the long-term stability and also complicate film ***,zero-dimensional polymer dots with high electron affinity are introduced into photoactive allyl-containing poly(aryl ether sulfone)to form the all-organic polymer composites for hightemperature capacitive energy *** ultraviolet irradiation,the crosslinked polymer composites with polymer dots are efficient in suppressing electrical conduction at high electric fields and elevated temperatures,which significantly reduces the high-field energy loss of the composites at 200℃.Accordingly,the ultraviolet-irradiated composite film exhibits a discharged energy density of 4.2 J cm^(−3)at 200℃.Along with outstanding cyclic stability of capacitive performance at 200℃,this work provides a promising class of dielectric materials for robust high-performance all-organic dielectric nanocomposites.

关键词： High-temperature energy storage Polymer dots Ultraviolet irradiation All-organic composite dielectrics

Commentary on “Experimental study on the moving characteristics of fine grains in wide grading unconsolidated soil under heavy rainfall” by CUI Yi-fei, ZHOU Xiao-jun and GUO Chao-xu

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第4期15卷 918-920页

作者： WANG Gong-hui jiang yao Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

A paper, which was recently published in Journal of Mountain Science by Cui et al.(2017), reported a series of laboratory flume experiments designed to illuminate the moving characteristics of fine particles for wide grading unconsolidated soils by considering three factors, slope gradient, rainfall duration and rainfall intensity. This commentary is prompted to further provide some viewpoints about the fine particle migration phenomenon during landslide initiation and offer some recommendations as the future research focus for better understanding the related processes.

关键词：降雨评论特征试验性 CUI 学习谷物土壤

Probing the electric double layer structure at nitrogen-doped graphite electrodes by constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 299-305,I0008页

作者： Legeng Yu Nan yao Yu-Chen Gao Zhong-Heng Fu Bo jiang Ruiping Li Cheng Tang Xiang Chen Tsinghua Center for Green Chemical Engineering Electrification(CCEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Materials Corrosion and Protection Data Center University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Ordos Carbon Neutral Research and Application Co. Ltd.Ordos 017010Inner Mongoli1China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Center for Next-Generation Energy Materials and School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

Electric double layer(EDL)is a critical topic in electrochemistry and largely determines the working performance of lithium ***,atomic insights into the EDL structures on heteroatom-modified graphite anodes and EDL evolution with electrode potential are very ***,a constant-potential molecular dynamics(CPMD)method is proposed to probe the EDL structure under working conditions,taking N-doped graphite electrodes and carbonate electrolytes as an *** interface model was developed,incorporating the electrode potential and atom *** a result,an insightful atomic scenario for the EDL structure under varied electrode potentials has been established,which unveils the important role of doping sites in regulating both the EDL structures and the following electrochemical reactions at the atomic ***,the negatively charged N atoms repel the anions and adsorb Li~+at high and low potentials,*** preferential adsorption suggests that Ndoped graphite can promote Li~+desolvation and regulate the location of Li~+*** CPMD method not only unveils the mysterious function of N-doping from the viewpoint of EDL at the atomic level but also applies to probe the interfacial structure on other complicated electrodes.

关键词： Lithium batteries Graphite N-doping Electric double layer Molecular dynamics Constant potential method Electrode potential

Effect of Streamlined Nose Length on the Aerodynamic Performance of a 800 km/h Evacuated Tube Train

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第1期16卷 67-76页

作者： Xiaohan Zhang yao jiang Tian Li State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. Ltd.Chengdu610031China

The aerodynamic resistance of a train running in the open air limits the maximum speed that can be attained by the *** this reason,evacuated tube trains(ETT)are being considered as valid alternatives to be implemented in the *** atmosphere in the tube,the so-called blocking ratio and the length of the streamlined nose are the key factors affecting the aerodynamic performances of these *** the present work,we investigate evacuated tube trains with different lengths of the streamline nose on the basis of computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The three-dimensional steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations are *** running speed of the ETT is 800 km/h and the blocking ratio is *** show that with the increase of the streamlined nose length,the aerodynamic drag and lift forces of the head car decrease gradually,and the drag and lift forces of the middle car change *** the tail car,the drag force decreases,whereas the absolute value of the lift force *** a speed of 800 km/h,a slight shock wave appears at the rear of the tail car,which affects the aerodynamic forces acting on the train.

关键词： Evacuated tube train resistance aerodynamic performance streamlined nose

Experimental and numerical investigation of the flexural performance of channel steel-bolt joint for prefabricated subway stations

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 918-935页

作者： Lei WANG Shengyang ZHOU Xiangsheng CHEN Xian LIU Shuya LIU Dong SU Shouchao jiang Qikai ZHU Haoyu yao College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures(MOE) Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518061China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Green Efficient and Intelligent Construction of Underground Metro StationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518061China College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shenzhen Municipal Design&Research Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518029China Shenzhen Metro Group Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518026China

Flexural performance of joints is critical for prefabricated *** study presents a novel channel steel-bolt(CB)joint for prefabricated subway ***-scale tests are carried out to investigate the flexural behavior of the CB joint under the design loads of the test-case *** addition,a three dimensional(3D)finite element(FE)model of the CB joint is established,incorporating viscous contact to simulate the bonding and detachment behaviors of the interface between channel steel and *** on the 3D FE model,the study examines the flexural bearing mechanism and influencing factors for the flexural performance of the CB *** results indicate that the flexural behavior of the CB joint exhibits significant nonlinear characteristics,which can be divided into four *** illustrate the piecewise linearity of the bending moment-rotational angle curve,a four-stage simplified model is proposed,which is easily applicable in engineering *** study reveals that axial force can enhance the flexural capacity of the CB joint,while the preload of the bolt has a negligible *** flexural capacity of the CB joint is approximate twice the value of the designed bending moment,demonstrating that the joint is suitable for the test-case station.

关键词： channel steel-bolt joint flexural performance full-scale test numerical simulation prefabricated subway station

High photoelectric conversion efficiency and fast relaxation time of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3) applied in ultrafast modulation of terahertz waves

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 299-305页

作者： Zhibo Xu Ying Zeng Xinran Zhao Xiaoyin Chen Aoyu Fan Furi Ling jiang Li Jianquan yao School of Optics and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900SichuanChina School of Information Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Networks Wuhan 430070HubeiChina

Active control of terahertz(THz)waves is attracting tremendous attentions in terahertz communications and active photonic ***,due to its excellent photoelectric conversion performance and simple manufacturing process,has emerged as a promising candidate for optoelectronic ***,the exploration of perovskites in optically controlled THz modulators is still *** this work,the photoelectric properties and carrier dynamics of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)perovskite films were investigated by optical pumped terahertz probe(OPTP)*** ultrafast carrier dynamics reveal that FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)thin film exhibits rapid switching and relaxation time within picosecond level,suggesting that FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)is an ideal candidate for active THz devices with ultrafast ***,as a proof of concept,a FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)-based metadevice with integrating plasma-induced transparency(PIT)effect was fabricated to achieve ultrafast modulation of THz *** experimental results demonstrated that the switching time of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)-based THz modulator is near to 3.5 ps,and the threshold of optical pump is as low as 12.7μJ cm^(-2).The simulation results attribute the mechanism of ultrafast THz modulation to photo-induced free carriers in the FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)layer,which progressively shorten the capacitive gap of PIT *** study not only illuminates the potential of FA_(0.4)MA_(0.6)PbI_(3)in THz modulation,but also contributes to the field of ultrafast photonic devices.

关键词： Terahertz modulation Perovskites Metamaterials Plasmon-induced transparency