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Aerodynamic Design of a Subsonic Evacuated Tube Train System

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第1期16卷 121-130页

作者： Tian Li Xiaohan Zhang yao jiang Weihua Zhang State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. Ltd.Chengdu610031China

The so-called Evacuated Tube Train(ETT)is currently being proposed as a high-speed transportation system potentially competitive with airplane *** resistance is one of the most crucial factors for the successful design of an *** the present work,a three-dimensional concept ETT model has been *** aerodynamic characteristics of the subsonic ETT have been numerically simulated under different *** train’s running speed varies from 600 km/h up to 1200 km/h,and the blockage ratio is in the range between 0.1 and *** the blocking ratio and running speed increase,the resistance of the head car increases greatly,while the resistance of the middle car changes *** aerodynamic resistance of the tail car is affected by the shock wave emerging in the wake *** different design criteria for the maximum allowed aerodynamic resistance are proposed for aerodynamic parameter *** an increase in the blockage ratio and running speed,the atmospheric pressure in the tube should be decreased to achieve a balance.

关键词： Evacuated tube train aerodynamic resistance blockage ratio shock wave

Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982–2015

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 541-554页

作者： Anyu Zhang Jingai Wang yao jiang Yanqiang Chen Peijun Shi Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Regional Geography Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008QinghaiChina

The dynamic changes of population exposure to hazards in high-altitude areas are an important factor in the scientific evaluation of environmental risks. In this study,the hazards of hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms in Tibet were respectively described by the percentage of oxygen at sea level, earthquake intensity, and mean annual maximum snow depth. The rates of population affected by hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were calculated by chronic mountain sickness and historical disaster *** on these, the study examined the change in population exposure to the three hazards and their combinations by hazard intensity level at the 1 km 9 1 km grid scale in1982–2015. The results show that population exposures to hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were about 745 thousand, 97 thousand, and 168 thousand in 2015,respectively, among a total population in Tibet of 3.24 million. These exposures were mainly concentrated in the3400–5000 m above sea level zone. The population exposed to hypoxia and earthquakes showed a rising trend from 1982 to 2015, while the population exposed tosnowstorms decreased after 2000 due to reduced snowstorm intensity. Hypoxia-earthquake and hypoxia-snowstorm are the main multiple hazard combinations that people in Tibet suffered from and their personátime exposures were estimated at around 842 thousand and 913 thousand in 2015, respectively, with an average annual increase of 1.7% and 1.3%. Hypoxia is the most important health risk in Tibet. The areas of high personátime exposure to multiple hazards of hypoxia-earthquake-snowstorm are the key areas for strengthening integrated risk governance.

关键词： Earthquake High altitude Hypoxia Population exposure Snowstorm Tibet

Fluorescent quantum dots for microbial imaging

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第10期29卷 1475-1485页

作者： Ge Gao yao-Wen jiang Wei Sun Fu-Gen Wu State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast University

Quantum dots（QDs）, with several unique optical and chemical features, are becoming desirable fluorescent tags for the biological applications that require long-term and highly sensitive ***, the conjugation of various functional biomolecules to QDs has enabled wide applications of QDs in biological imaging. This review focuses on the following four types of QDs： semiconductor quantum dots（semiconductor QDs）, carbon nanodots（CDs）, silicon quantum dots（SiQDs）, and polymer dots（Pdots）, and summarizes the recent advancements of using these QDs in imaging microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. We hope that this review will promote the development of new fluorescent QDs for microbial imaging and extend the applications of QD-based imaging techniques in cell biology and beyond.

关键词： Quantum dots Single-virus tracking Bacterial labeling Fungal imaging Silicon nanoparticles

Study on blood pressure rhythm in hypertensive patients with Yin deficiency syndrome and a random forest model for predicting hypertension with Yin deficiency syndrome

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 564-571页

作者： ZHOU Ying LI Ping LUAN Jianwei SHEN Rui WU Yinglan XU Qiwen WANG Xinyue ZHU yao XU Xiangru LIU Zitian jiang Yuning ZHONG Yong HE Yun jiang Weimin Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineJiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Health Management Centre Jinling HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing University Emergency Department Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of General Internal Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineJiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To investigate blood pressure rhythm(BPR)in Yin deficiency syndrome of hypertension(YDSH)patients and develop a random forest model for predicting ***: Our study was consistent with technical processes and specification for developing guidelines of Evidence-based Chinese medicine clinical practice(T/CACM 1032-2017). We enrolled 234 patients who had been diagnosed with primary hypertension without antihypertensive medications prior to the enrollment. All participants were divided into Yin deficiency group(YX, n = 74) and non-Yin deficiency group(NYX, n = 160).Participants were professionally grouped by three experienced chief Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)physicians according to four examinations(i.e.,inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry and palpation).We collected data on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) and YDSH rating scale. We divided 24 h of a day into 12 two-hour periods [Chen-Shi(7:00-9:00), Si-Shi(9:00-11:00), Wu-Shi(11:00-13:00), Wei-Shi(13:00-15:00), Shen-Shi(15:00-17:00), You-Shi(17:00-19:00), Xu-Shi(19:00-21:00), Hai-Shi(21:00-23:00), ZiShi(23:00-1:00), Chou-Shi(1:00-3:00), Yin-Shi(3:00-5:00), Mao-Shi(5:00-7:00)] according to the theory of “midnight-midday ebb flow”. We used random forest to build the diagnostic model of YDSH, with whether it was Yin deficiency syndrome as the outcome. RESULTS: Compared with NYX group, YX group had more female participants with older age, lower waist circumference, body mass index(BMI), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and smoking and drinking rate(all P < 0.05). The YDSH rating scores of YX group [28.5(21.0-36.0)] were significantly higher than NYX group [13.0(8.0-22.0)](P < 0.001), and the typical symptoms of YX group included vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles, dizziness, dry eyes, string-like and fine pulse, soreness and weakness of lumbus and knees, palpitations, reddened cheeks, and tinnitus(all P < 0.05). The ratio of non-dipper hypertension in YX group was higher t

关键词： blood pressure rhythm blood pressure variability deficiency syndrome hypertension random forest

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Electropolymerized films of redox-active ruthenium complexes for multistate near-infrared electrochromism,ion sensing,and information storage

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第8期27卷 1105-1114,1464页

作者： jiang-Yang Shao Chang-jiang yao Bin-Bin Cui Zhong-Liang Gong Yu-Wu Zhong Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper summarizes our recent progress on the preparations and applications of electropolymerized thin films of redox-active ruthenium *** films of vinyl-functionalized diruthenium or ruthenium-amine conjugated complexes are prepared by reductive *** resulting films are useful for multistate near-infrared electrochromism,ion sensing,and mimicking flip-flop and flip-flap-flop logic *** oxidative electropolymerization of diruthenium complexes with two distal triarylamine units affords electropolymers with an alternating diruthenium and tetraphenylbenzidine structural *** applications of the resulting films in multistate near-infrared electrochromism and resistive memory are discussed.

关键词： Electropolymerization Ruthenium complexes Electrochromism Thin films Molecular memory

Redox-responsive carbometalated ruthenium and osmium complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第5期60卷 583-590页

作者： Zhong-Liang Gong Chang-jiang yao jiang-Yang Shao Hai-Jing Nie Jian-Hong Tang Yu-Wu Zhong Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Organometallic conjugated complexes have become an important type of stimuli-responsive materials because of their appealing electrochemical properties and rich photonic, electronic, and magnetic properties. They are potentially useful in a wide range of applications such as molecular wires, molecular switches, molecular machines, molecular memory, and optoelectronic detections. This review outlines the recent progress on the molecular design of carbometalated ruthenium and osmium complexes and their applications as redox-responsive materials with visible and near-infrared(NIR) absorptions and electron paramagnetic resonance as readout signals. Three molecule systems are introduced, including the symmetric diruthenium complexes, metal-amine conjugated bi-center system, and multi-center redox-active organometallic compounds. Because of the presence of a metal-carbon bond on each metal component and strong electronic coupling between redox sites, these compounds display multiple reversible redox processes at low potentials and each redox state possesses significantly different physical and chemical properties. Using electrochemical potentials as input signals, these materials show reversible NIR absorption spectral changes, making them potentially useful in NIR electrochromism and information storage.

关键词： stimuli-responsive materials electro-active compounds organometallic materials triarylamines near-infrared electrochromism

Game Theory based Optimal Defensive Resources Allocation with Incomplete Information in Cyber-physical Power Systems against False Data Injection Attacks

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第2期9卷 115-127页

作者： Bingjing Yan Zhenze jiang Pengchao yao Qiang Yang Wei Li Albert Y.Zomaya College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Information Technologies at The University of Sydney School of Information Technologies

Modern power grid is fast emerging as a complex cyber-physical power system(CPPS)integrating physical current-carrying components and processes with cyber-embedded computing,which faces increasing cy-berspace security threats and *** this paper,the state(i.e.,voltage)offsets resulting from false data injection(FDI)attacks and the bus safety characterization are applied to quantify the attack *** state offsets are obtained by the state estimation method,and the bus safety characterization considers the power net-work topology as well as the vulnerability and connection relationship of *** the indeterminacy of attacker’s resource consumption and reward,a zero-sum game-theoretical model from the defender’s perspective with incomplete information is explored for the optimal allocation of limited defensive *** attacker aims to falsify measurements without triggering threshold alarms to break through the protection,leading to load shedding,over-voltage or *** defender attempts to ensure the estimation results to be as close to the actual states as possible,and guarantee the system’s safety and efficient defensive resource *** proposed solution is extensively evaluated through simu-lations using the IEEE 33-bus test network and real-time digital simulator(RTDS)based testbed experiments of the IEEE 14-bus *** results demonstrate the effec-tiveness of the proposed game-theoretical approach for optimal defensive resource allocation in CPPS when lim-ited resources are available when under FDI *** Terms—Optimal strategy,game theory,Nash equilibrium,CPPS,FDI attack.

关键词： Optimal strategy game theory Nash equilibrium CPPS FDI attack

O_(2) adsorption on Fe_(3)O_(4) (110) surface and effect of gangue element Al doping: combined study of binding experiment and ab initio molecular dynamics

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 810-827页

作者： Zheng-jian Liu Hui-qing jiang yao-zu Wang Jian-liang Zhang Hong-mei Qiao An-yang Zheng Fang-yu Guo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Intelligence Science and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Shougang Co. Ltd.Qian'an 064404HebeiChina Department of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410128HunanChina

At high temperature,the chemical reaction mechanism at the interface of magnetite and the influence mechanism of gangue element Al on the oxidation performance of magnetite are not *** addition,due to the limitation of existing experimental equipment,it is difficult to clarify the interface reaction mechanism in the oxidation process and the influence mechanism of Al on the surface oxidation reaction of Fe_(3)O_(4) at an atomic scale at high *** surface oxidation reaction mechanism of magnetite and the influence mechanism of Al on the oxidation of magnetite were studied by experiments and AIMD(ab initio molecular dynamics).The experimental results show that the existence of Al_(2)O_(3) will reduce the initial oxidation temperature and comprehensive oxidation performance of *** AIMD results show that aluminum can accelerate the interface reaction rate of Fe_(3)O_(4) in the high-temperature oxidation atmosphere,but the strong Al-O binding ability is not conducive to the transfer of O atoms in the oxidation process.

关键词： Ironmaking Magnetite oxidation Interface reaction Adsorption-Gangue aluminum AIMD

How to improve the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury in China

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第1期19卷 1-2页

作者： ji-yao jiang Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University/School of Medicine Shanghai China

Chinese Head Trauma Data Bank shows that the mortality and unfavorable outcome of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Glasgow Coma Scale 3-8) are 27.23% and 53.17% respectively, which is really comparable to the outcome of severe TBI patients according to the American Head Trauma Coma Bank and European Head Trauma Data Bank. This indicates that the outcome of severe TBI in China may be similar with that in developed countries. However, we must recognize that there are still remarkable gap of clinical management and researches of TBI between China and western countries. So, we must carry on hard work to further improve the outcome of acute TBI in the future.

关键词： Trauma countries remarkable