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Climate change and hydrologic process response in the Tarim River Basin over the past 50 years

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A1期51卷 25-36页

作者： XU Changchun chen yaning li weihong chen yapeng Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy Of Sci ences Urumqi 830011 China

在在过去的 50 年的 Tarim 河盆的气候变化和水疗院逻辑过程反应是越来越多的研究人员的焦点“注意。在这篇论文，温度和降水时间系列被发现介绍单音补品的增加趋势 usingnonparametric 测试。显著地，重要的步在温度和降水时间系列变... 详细信息

在在过去的 50 年的 Tarim 河盆的气候变化和水疗院逻辑过程反应是越来越多的研究人员的焦点“注意。在这篇论文，温度和降水时间系列被发现介绍单音补品的增加趋势 usingnonparametric 测试。显著地，重要的步在温度和降水时间系列变化发生在 1986。由在源流和主流对比自然的水过程的趋势，我们发现它不是人为的活动引起了河的气候变化在 Tarim 的更低的活动范围枯竭了，植被堕落了河。灰色的关联分析的结果证明散布河的更高的纬度的流量更仔细与冬季雪袜子被联系，当更低的纬度的与夏天温度有关仔细是更多时。在源流的流量对降水更敏感，当那对蒸发在主流更敏感时。尽管有降水在过去的 50years 上增加了的事实，增加温度引起的强壮的蒸发削弱了流量到某程度。

关键词：气候变化水资源非参数检验水文过程响应灵敏度

Response of the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica to the change of groundwater level at the lower reaches of Tarim River

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第18期48卷 1995-1999页

作者： yaning chen yapeng chen weihong li Hongfeng Zhang Chinese Acad Sci Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China

The content of proline in the plant bodies is closely related to the converse-succession-resistant capability of the plants. In this paper, the relationship between the proline accumulation in the bodies of Populus euphratica and the change of groundwater level is analyzed by taking Popu-lus euphratica, the main community-building species of the desert riparian forests along the Tarim River, as the research object. The research results show that the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica is closely related to the change of groundwater level gradient under drought stress, it increases with the drawdown of groundwater level and the increase of moisture stress degree; the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica has two ex-tremely high points at the groundwater depth ranges of 3.64—5.14 m and 9.46—10.16 m. Combining the field investiga-tion and the analysis of the plots, it is considered that the groundwater level of 3.5—4.5 m is rational for the growth of Populus euphratica. The stress groundwater depth for the normal growth and the critical one for the survival of Popu-lus euphratica are below 4.5 m and 9—10 m respectively at the lower reaches of the Tarim River.

关键词： Populus euphratica proline groundwater level drought stress Tarim River.

Identifying water vapor sources of precipitation in forest and grassland in the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains,Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第3期14卷 297-309页

作者： chen Haiyan chen yaning li Dalong li weihong yang Yuhui College of Geography and Environmental Science Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands Hainan ProvinceHaikou 571158China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Normal University Urumqi 830013China

Identifying water vapor sources in the natural vegetation of the Tianshan Mountains is of significant importance for obtaining greater knowledge about the water cycle,forecasting water resource changes,and dealing with the adverse effects of climate *** this study,we identified water vapor sources of precipitation and evaluated their effects on precipitation stable isotopes in the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains,*** utilizing the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation stable isotopes in the forest and grassland regions,Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPliT)model,and isotope mass balance model,we obtained the following results.(1)The Eurasia,Black Sea,and Caspian Sea are the major sources of water vapor.(2)The contribution of surface evaporation to precipitation in forests is lower than that in the grasslands(except in spring),while the contribution of plant transpiration to precipitation in forests(5.35%)is higher than that in grasslands(3.79%)in summer.(3)The underlying surface and temperature are the main factors that affect the contribution of recycled water vapor to precipitation;meanwhile,the effects of water vapor sources of precipitation on precipitation stable isotopes are counteracted by other environmental ***,this work will prove beneficial in quantifying the effect of climate change on local water cycles.

关键词： Tianshan Mountains Manas River Basin water vapor sources of precipitation land cover precipitation stable isotopes Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory

Analysis on the ecological benefits of the stream water conveyance to the dried-up river of the lower reaches of Tarim River,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第11期47卷 1053-1064页

作者： chen yaning ZHANG Xiaolei ZHU Xiangmin li weihong ZHANG Yuanming XU Hailiang ZHANG Hongfeng chen yapeng Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Management Beureau od Tarim River Basin Kurle 831102China

This paper analyzes the monitored data of the 4 times of stream water conveyances to the river section where the stream flow was cut-off, of 9 groundwater-monitoring sections and 18 vegetation plots in the lower reaches of Tarim River. The results show that the groundwater depth in the lower reaches of Tarim River rose from 9.87 m before the conveyances to 7.74 m and 3.79 m after the first and second conveyances, 3.61 and 3.16 m after the 2 phases of the third conveyance, and 2.66 m after the fourth conveyance. The transverse response scope of groundwater level was gradually enlarged along both sides of the channel of conveyances, i.e., from 450 m in width after the first conveyance to 1050 m after the fourth conveyance, but the response degree of groundwater level was reduced with the increase of the distance away from the channel of conveyances. The composition, distribution and growth status of the natural vegetation are directly related to the groundwater depth. The indexes of Simpson’s biodiversity, McIntosh’s evenness and Margalef’s richness, which reflect the change of the quantity of species and the degree of biodiversity, are reduced from 0.70, 0.48 and 0.90 to 0.26, 0.17 and 0.37 re- spectively along with the drawdown of groundwater level from the upper reaches to the lower reaches. After the stream water conveyances, the natural vegetation in the lower reaches is saved and restored along with the rise of groundwater level, the response scope of vegetation is gradually enlarged, i.e., from 200— 250 m in width after the first conveyance to 800 m after the fourth conveyance. However, there is still a great disparity to the objective of protecting the “Green Corridor”in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Thus, it is suggested to convey the stream water in double-channel way, combine the conveyance with water supply in surface scope, or construct the modern pipe-conveyance network systems so as to save the natural vegetation in an intensive way, achieve the eff

关键词： tream flow cut-off river section stream water conveyance groundwater level natural vegetation ecological benefit Tarim River

Impacts of Climatic Change on River Runoff in Northern Xinjiang of China over Last Fifty Years

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Chinese Geographical Science 2010年第3期20卷 193-201页

作者： yang Yuhui chen yaning li weihong WANG Minzhong SUN Guili The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China School of Geographic Science and Tourism Normal University of Xinjiang Urumqi 830054 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Desert and Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Urumqi 830002 China

The characteristics of climatic change and fiver runoff, as well as the response of fiver runoff to climatic change in the northern Xinjiang are analyzed on the basis of the hydrological and meteorological data over the last 50 years by the methods of Mann-Kendall nonparametric test and the nonlinear regression model. The results show that： 1） The temperature and the precipitation increased significantly in the whole northern Xinjiang, but the precipitation displayed no obvious change, or even a decreasing trend in the northern mountainous area of the northern Xinjiang. 2） River runoff varied in different regions in the northern Xinjiang. It significantly increased in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the north of the northern Xinjiang （p = 0.05）, while slightly ificreased in the west of the northern Xinjiang. 3） North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） affects fiver runoff by influencing temperature and precipitation. The NAO and precipitation had apparent significant correlations with the fiver runoff, but the temperature did not in the northern Xinjiang. Since the mid-1990s fiver runoff increase was mainly caused by the increasing temperature in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the north of the northern Xinjiang. Increased precipitation resulted in increased fiver runoff in the west of the northern Xinjiang.

关键词： climatic change river runoff Mann-Kendall test nonlinear regression model NAO northern Xinjiang

Analysis on water potential of Populus euphratica oliv and its meaning in the lower reaches of Tarim River,Xinjiang

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A1期51卷 221-228页

作者： FU Aihong chen yaning li weihong Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

Combined with materials measured on leaves water potential of Populus euphratica oliv in the process of ecological water delivery in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the influence of ground-water depths and soil salinity on leaves water potential of P. euphratica was analyzed. We found that there was evident negative correlation between the leaves water potential of P. euphratica and ground-water depths. The deeper the ground-water depths were, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress P. euphratica suffered from. Besides, there was evident negative correlation between the soil salinity and the leaves water potential of P. euphratica. The bigger the soil salinity was, the lower the leaves water potential of P euphratica was, the more serious drought stress was indicated from which P. euphratica suffered. For sections rather distant for Daxihaizi Reservoir as well as for those places of wells rather distant from the river course, ground-water depths and the soil salinity were high; the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was low. The leaves water potential of P. euphratica can reflect the degree at which P. euphratica suffers from drought and salt stress, and has an important reference meaning in analyzing proper ground-water depths for the survival and growth of P. euphratic in the lower reaches of Tarim River.

关键词：水势地下水新疆土壤盐渍度塔里木河

Runoff Responses to Climate Change in Arid Region of Northwestern China During 1960-2010

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第3期23卷 286-300页

作者： WANG Huaijun chen yaning li weihong DENG Haijun State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Based on runoff, air temperature, and precipitation data from 1960 to 2010, the effects of climate change on water resources in the arid region of the northwestern China were investigated. The long-term trends of hydroclimatic variables were studied by using both Mann-Kendall test and distributed-free cumulative sum （CUSUM） chart test. Results indicate that the mean annual air temperature increases significantly from 1960 to 2010. The annual precipitation exhibits an increasing trend, especially in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the North Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang in the study period. Step changes occur in 1988 in the mean annual air temperature time series and in 1991 in the precipitation time series. The runoff in different basins shows different trends, i.e., significantly increasing in the Kaidu River, the Aksu River and the Shule River, and decreasing in the Shiyang River. Correlation analy- sis reveals that the runoff in the North Xinjiang （i.e., the Weigan River, the Heihe River, and the Shiyang River） has a strong positive relationship with rainfall, while that in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains, the middle section of the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the Shule River has a strong positive relationship with air temperature. The trends of rtmoff have strong negative correla- tions with glacier coverage and the proportion of glacier water in runoff. From the late 1980s, the climate has become warm and wet in the arid region of the northwestern China. The change in runoff is interacted with air temperature, precipitation and glacier coverage. The results show that streamflow in the arid region of the northwestern China is sensitive to climate change, which can be used as a reference for regional water resource assessment and management.

关键词： hydroclimatic variables climate change step change water resources arid region

Analysis on the change of water potential of Populus euphratica *** *** Jabl under different irrigation volumes in temperate desert zone

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第10期55卷 965-972页

作者： FU AiHong chen yaning li weihong Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

The measurement of plant water potential is considered to be a direct approach to confirming the irrigation time in present irrigation *** this current study,two shelter forests species in the Junggar Basin (Central Asia),Populus euphratica and *** Jabl,were *** monitored leaf water potential (ψl),stem water potential (ψs) and soil water potential (ψsoil) under different irrigation *** characteristics of the variation in leaf and stem water potential (ψl and ψs) of *** and *** Jabl,as well as the impact of soil water potential (ψsoil) on the leaf and stem water potential (ψl and ψs) under different irrigation conditions were *** results showed the following.(1) With increased irrigation,the intensity of drought stress on *** and *** Jabl decreased.(2) The intensity of drought stress experienced was less for *** Jabl than for *** under the same irrigation conditions.(3) The more intense the drought,the less sensitive was *** Jabl,but the more sensitive was ***,and vice versa.(4) For the *** community the soil water potential (Ψsoil) at 60 cm depth responded to variation in irrigation more strongly than at 30 and 90 cm *** the *** Jabl community the soil water potential (ψsoil) in the shallow surface layer responded to irrigation variation more strongly than that in deep layers.(5) In the event of relatively sufficient soil water,predawn stem water potential (ψpds) of plant was a reasonable indicator reflecting soil water potential (ψsoil).(6) The water demand of *** and *** Jabl shelter forests can be met with different irrigation policies:large volume and less frequency for *** but small volume and more frequency for *** Jabl.

关键词：电位变化灌水量荒漠区胡杨作者温带

Long-term Trend and Fractal of Annual Runoff Process in Mainstream of Tarim River

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Chinese Geographical Science 2008年第1期18卷 77-84页

作者： XU Jianhua chen yaning li weihong DONG Shan Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science Ministry of Education Shanghai 200062 China Department of Geography East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

Based on the time series data from the Aral hydrological station for the period of 1958-2005,the paper re-veals the long-term trend and fractal of the annual runoff process in the mainstream of the Tarim River by using the wavelet analysis method and the fractal *** main conclusions are as follows:1)From a large time scale point of view,*** time scale of 16(24)years,the annual runoff basically shows a slightly decreasing trend as a whole from 1958 to *** the time scale is reduced to 8(23)or 4(22)years,the annual runoff still displays the basic trend as the large time scale,but it has fluctuated more obviously during the period.2)The correlation dimension for the annual runoff process is 3.4307,non-integral,which indicates that the process has both fractal and chaotic *** correlation dimension is above 3,which means that at least four independent variables are needed to describe the dynamics of the annual runoff process.3)The Hurst exponent for the first period(1958-1973)is 0.5036,which equals 0.5 approximately and indicates that the annual runoff process is in *** Hurst exponents for the second(1974-1989)and third(1990-2005)periods are both greater than 0.50,which indicate that the annual runoff process showed a long-enduring characteristic in the two *** Hurst exponent for the period from 1990 to 2005 indi-cates that the annual runoff will show a slightly increasing trend in the 16 years after 2005.

关键词： annual runoff, wavelet fractal Tarim River