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A smart O_(2)-generating nanocarrier optimizes drug transportation comprehensively for chemotherapy improving

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第11期11卷 3608-3621页

作者： Xiaojuan Zhang Chuanchuan He Yun Sun Xiaoguang Liu Yan Chen Chen Chen Ruicong Yan Ting Fan tan yang Yao Lu Jun Luo Xiang Ma Guangya Xiang School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830011China

Drug transportation is impeded by various barriers in the hypoxic solid tumor,resulting in compromised anticancer ***,a solid lipid monostearin(MS)-coated CaO_(2)/MnO_(2) nanocarrier was designed to optimize doxorubicin(DOX)transportation comprehensively for chemotherapy *** MS shell of nanoparticles could be destroyed selectively by highly-expressed lipase within cancer cells,exposing water-sensitive cores to release DOX and produce O_(2).After the cancer cell death,the core-exposed nanoparticles could be further liberated and continue to react with water in the tumor extracellular matrix(ECM)and thoroughly release O_(2) and DOX,which exhibited cytotoxicity to neighboring *** DOX molecules could readily diffuse through ECM,in which the collagen deposition was decreased by O_(2)-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1 inhibition,leading to synergistically improved drug ***,DOX-efflux-associated P-glycoprotein was also inhibited by O_(2),prolonging drug retention in cancer ***,the DOX transporting processes from nanoparticles to deep tumor cells including drug release,penetration,and retention were optimized comprehensively,which significantly boosted antitumor benefits.

关键词： Tumor Nanoparticle Chemotherapy Hypoxia HIF-1 Transportation CaO_(2) MnO_(2)

Mutation of DNA polymerase p in esophageal carcinoma of different regions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第30期11卷 4618-4622页

作者： Guo-Qiang Zhao Tao Wang Qin Zhao Qin Zhao, Hong-Yan yang, Xiao-Hui tan, Zi-Ming Dong Hong-Yan yang Xiao-Hui tan Zi-Ming Dong Basic Medical College Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province China

AIM： To observe the variation of DNA polymerase β （polβ） in esophageal carcinoma. METHODS： Thirty specimens containing adjacent normal epithelial tissues were collected from patients in Linzhou region （a high risk area for esophageal squamous carcinoma） and 25 specimens were from a non-high risk area. Total RNA was extracted from the samples and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was performed. PCR products were cloned and sequenced to investigate the po1β gene with DNASIS and OMIGA. Statistical significance was evaluated using the X^2 test. RESULTS： High-inddence area group： Polβ gene variation was detected in 13 of 30 esophageal carcinoma tissue specimens, and only one variation was found in 30 corresponding adjacent normal tissue specimens. Non high-incidence area group： po1β gene variation was detected in 5 of 25 esophageal carcinoma tissue specimens, and no variation was found in 25 corresponding adjacent normal tissue specimens. The incidence of po1β gene variation observed in the high-incidence area group was significantly higher than in the non-high incidence area group. Two mutation hot spots （454-466 and 648-670 nt） and a 58 bp deletion （177-234 nt） were found. CONCLUSION： Variations of polβ perform different functions between the high-incidence areas and the other areas, and may play a more important role in the high-incidence areas.

关键词： DNA polymerase β Esophageal carcinoma Gene mutation

国家变革中正式制度与非正式制度的相互作用——以阿根廷20世纪八九十年代的改革为例

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东北大学学报（社会科学版） 2014年第4期16卷 401-406页

作者：谭杨南开大学历史学院天津300071

从制度主义角度看,国家的制度变革涉及到正式制度(规则)的改革和非正式制度(规则)的变迁。然而正式制度的重新设计,受制于决策者主观因素的影响,不可避免地会与非正式制度产生各种不协调甚至冲突。阿根廷20世纪八九十年代的国家变革中,... 详细信息

从制度主义角度看,国家的制度变革涉及到正式制度(规则)的改革和非正式制度(规则)的变迁。然而正式制度的重新设计,受制于决策者主观因素的影响,不可避免地会与非正式制度产生各种不协调甚至冲突。阿根廷20世纪八九十年代的国家变革中,经济自由化政策与传统的"民众主义"非正式规则发生了冲突,政治民主化政策促使传统"地方庇护主义"非正式规则不断强化。这种正式制度与非正式制度的相互作用极大地影响了国家政治经济体系的稳定,并最终引发了国家危机的产生。

关键词：改革正式规则非正式规则民众主义庇护主义

A compound objective reconfiguration of distribution networks using hierarchical encoded particle swarm optimization

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Journal of Central South University 2018年第3期25卷 600-615页

作者： WEN Juan tan yang-hong JIANG Lin XU Zu-hua College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Electrical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421000China

With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the optimal configuration of improving economy of the system,and then identifying the important *** this strategy,the objectives increase the node importance degree and decrease the active power loss subjected to operational constraints.A compound objective function with weight coefficients is formulated to balance the conflict of the *** a novel quantum particle swarm optimization based on loop switches hierarchical encoded was employed to address the compound objective reconfiguration *** main contribution is the presentation of the hierarchical encoded scheme which is used to generate the population swarm particles of representing only radial connected *** the candidate solutions are feasible,the search efficiency would improve dramatically during the optimization process without tedious topology *** validate the proposed strategy,simulations are carried out on the test *** results are compared with other techniques in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.

关键词： distribution network reconfiguration node importance degree compound objective function hierarchical encoded

Endoscopic surgery- exploring the modalities

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2015年第11期7卷 326-334页

作者： Daniel Jin Keat Lee Kok-yang tan Department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat Hospital

The adoption of endoscopic surgery continues to expand in clinical situations with the recent natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery technique enabling abdominal organ resection to be performed without necessitating any skin incision. In recent years,the development of numerous devices and platforms have allowed for such procedures to be carried out in a safer and more efficient manner, and in some ways to better simulate triangulation and surgical tasks(e.g., suturing and dissection). Furthermore, new novel techniques such as submucosal tunneling, endoscopic full-thickness resection and hybrid endo-laparoscopic approaches have further widened its use in more advanced diseases. Nevertheless, many of these new innovations are still at their pre-clinical stage. This review focuses on the various innovations in endoscopic surgery, with emphasis on devices and techniques that are currently in human use.

关键词： Transanal total mesorectal excision Natural orific

Colorectal cancer:Getting the perspective and context right

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第5期15卷 599-602页

作者： Jun De Lu Kok yang tan Department of General Surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore Department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a significant global health burden,being the third leading cancer *** incidence has been observed to be higher in developed regions such as North America and Europe with geographical variations in mortality *** to address this disease burden include promoting early detection through screening and implementing treatment strategies to improve patient *** the growing and aging population,the incidence of CRC will undoubtedly *** epidemiological trends will mean that healthcare professionals will increasingly encounter CRC in more complex ***,it becomes imperative to have a deeper appreciation of the pathophysiology of CRC and understand the intricate interplay between a patient’s physiology and their goals of care before offering *** review article will aim to encapsulate the important nuances and perspectives of managing this disease in the context of an elderly patient.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Cancer epidemiology Management Holistic care Screening

Clinical lesson learned from genetic analysis in patients prior to surgical repair of hypospadias

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第2期9卷 186-189页

作者： Nurin A.Listyasari Gorjana Robevska Katie L.Ayers Tiong yang tan Andrew H.Sinclair Sultana M.H.Faradz Division of Human Genetics Center for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Medicine Diponegoro UniversitySemarangIndonesia Murdoch Children’s Research Institute MelbourneAustralia Department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Victorian Clinical Genetics Services Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneAustralia Diponegoro National Hospital SemarangIndonesia

In Indonesia,undervirilisation in 46,XY males is the most common form of difference of sex development(DSD).This can include hypospadias(misplacement of the urethra),micropenis,bifid scrotum,and undescended testis[1].Undervirilisation or 46,XY DSD can be associated with a number of congenital syndromes,including Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome(OMIM 602858),caused by an inborn error of cholesterol synthesis,and characterised by growth delay,intellectual disability,microcephaly,distinctive facial features,cleft palate,limb anomalies,and hypospadias[2]or Opitz syndrome(also known as Opitz G/BBB syndrome).Opitz syndrome can be caused by variants in the X-linked midline 1(MID1)gene(Type I)or in an autosomal dominant manner by monoallelic variants in sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1-like(SPECC1L)on chromosome 22q11.2(Type II)[3].Opitz syndrome is characterised by hypospadias,hypertelorism,cleft lip/palate,and heart defects[4].The prevalence of X-linked Opitz syndrome is estimated to be from 1 in 50000 to 1 in 100000 males[5].Recognition of a syndrome informs appropriate clinical management and patient ***,although these syndromes are rare,hypospadias may be diagnosed before the emergence of other comorbidities meaning that it is crucial for clinicians to perform a thorough clinical evaluation with syndromic causes in mind.

关键词： cholesterol analysis prior

Primary rectal signet ring cell carcinoma with peritoneal dissemination and gastric secondaries

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2118-2120页

作者： Hsien-Lin Sim Kok-yang tan Pak-Leng Poon Anton Cheng Department of Surgery Alexandra Hospital 378 Alexandra Road 159964 Singapore

Disseminated signet ring cell carcinomas frequently arise from the stomach. However, primaries in the colon and rectum have also been reported. We present a 68 year old lady who presented with a change in her bowel habit. Colonoscopy showed a stenosing rectal tumour at 7 cm to 8 cm from the anal verge. Multiple scattered ulcers were also noted along the entire length of the colon. Biopsy of the lesions revealed signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. Gastroscopy showed multiple nodules with ulceration over several areas of the stomach which were similar in appearance to the colonic lesions. However, no primary tumour of the stomach was seen. Biopsy of the gastric lesions also showed signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed circumferential tumour at the rectosigmoid junction with possible invasion into the left ischiorectal fossa. The overall picture was that of a primary rectal signet ring cell carcinoma with peritoneal dissemination. The patient was referred for palliative chemotherapy in view of the disseminated disease. In the present report, we discuss this interesting pathological entity and review the role of various histolological techniques in helping to identify the primary tumor.

关键词： Signet ring cell carcinoma Colorectal tumour Peritoneal dissemination Gastric secondaries

Innovations in chronic anal fissure treatment:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010年第7期2卷 231-241页

作者： Aaron Poh Kok-yang tan Francis Seow-Choen Department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore Seow-Choen Colorectal Centre Singapore 228510Singapore

A chronic anal fissure is a common perianal *** review aims to evaluate both existing and new therapies in the treatment of chronic *** therapies such as glyceryl trinitrate(GTN),Diltiazem ointment and Botulinum toxin provide a relatively non-invasive option,but with higher recurrence *** sphincterotomy remains the gold standard for *** dilatation has no role in *** therapies include perineal support devices,Gonyautoxin injection,fissurectomy,fissurotomy,sphincterolysis,and flap *** research is required comparing these new therapies with existing established *** paper recommends initial pharmacological therapy with GTN or Diltiazem ointment with Botulinum toxin as a possible second line pharmacological *** support may offer a new dimension in improving healing *** sphincterotomy should be offered if pharmacological therapy *** therapies are not suitable as first line treatments,though they can be considered if conventional treatment fails.

关键词： Anal fissure Innovative therapy Glyceryl trinitrate Lateral sphincterotomy Diltiazem Botulinum toxin Perineal support device