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A genomic association study revealing subphenotypes of childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in a larger genomic sequencing cohort

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 400-410页

作者： Han Chan Fenfen Ni Bo Zhao Huimin Jiang Juanjuan Ding Li Wang Xiaowen Wang Jingjing Cui Shipin Feng Xiaojie Gao Xueying yang Huan Chi Hao Lee Xuelan Chen Xiaoqin Li Jia Jiao Daoqi Wu Gaofu Zhang Mo Wang Yupeng Cun Xiongzhong Ruan Haiping yang Qiu Li Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqing 400014China Department of Nephrology Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenGuangdong 518034China Department of Nephrology Kunming Children's HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650228China Department of Nephrology Wuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430015China Department of Nephrology Chengdu Women and Children Central HospitalChengduSichuan 610073China Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory DisordersChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400014China Department of Nephrology John Moorhead Research LaboratoryUniversity College London Medical SchoolRoyal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondon NW32PFUnited Kingdom

Dissecting the genetic components that contribute to the two main subphenotypes of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS)using genome-wide association studies(GWAS)strategy is important for understanding the *** conducted a multicenter cohort study(360 patients and 1835 controls)combined with a GWAS strategy to identify susceptibility var-iants associated with the following two subphenotypes of ssNS:steroid-sensitive nephrotic syn-drome without relapse(SSNswR,181 patients)and steroid-dependent/frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome(SDNS/FRNS,179 patients).The distribution of two single-nucleotide poly-morphisms(SNPs)in ANKRD36 and ALPG was significant between SSNSWR and healthy controls,and that of two SNPs in GAD1 and HLA-DQA1 was significant between SDNS/FRNS and healthy ***,rs1047989 in HLA-DQA1 was a candidate locus for SDNS/FRNS but not for *** significant SNPs were observed between SSNSWR and SDNS/***,chromosome 2:171713702 in GAD1 was associated with a greater steroid dose(>0.75 mg/kg/d)upon relapse to first remission in patients with SDNS/FRNS(odds ratio=3.14;95%confidence interval,0.97-9.87;P=0.034).rs117014418 in APOL4 was significantly associated with a decrease in eGFR of greater than 20%compared with the baseline in SDNS/FRNS patients(P=0.0001).Protein-protein intersection network construction suggested that HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 function together through ***,SSNSWR belongs to non-HLA region-dependent nephropathy,and the HLA-DQA/DQB region is likely strongly associated with dis-ease relapse,especially in SDNS/*** study provides a novel approach for the GWAS strategy of SsNS and contributes to our understanding of the pathological mechanisms of SSNSWRandSDNS/FRNS.

关键词： Frequentrelapse Genome-wide association study Human leukocyte antigen region Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome

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面向图像分析领域的黑盒对抗攻击技术综述

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计算机学报 2024年第5期47卷 1138-1178页

作者：武阳刘靖内蒙古大学计算机学院呼和浩特010021

图像领域下的黑盒攻击(Black-box Attack)已成为当前深度神经网络对抗攻击领域的热点研究方向.黑盒攻击的特点在于仅利用模型输入与输出的映射关系,而无需模型内部参数信息及梯度信息,通过向图像数据加入人类难以察觉的微小扰动,进而造... 详细信息

图像领域下的黑盒攻击(Black-box Attack)已成为当前深度神经网络对抗攻击领域的热点研究方向.黑盒攻击的特点在于仅利用模型输入与输出的映射关系,而无需模型内部参数信息及梯度信息,通过向图像数据加入人类难以察觉的微小扰动,进而造成深度神经网络(Deep Neural Network,DNN)推理与识别失准,导致图像分析任务的准确率下降,因此由黑盒攻击引起的鲁棒性问题成为当前DNN模型研究的关键问题.为提高黑盒攻击在图像分析任务下的攻击成效,现有相关研究以低查询次数、低扰动幅度、高攻击成功率作为优化目标,针对不同图像分析任务采用不同的攻击模式与评估方式.本文以主流的图像分析任务为出发点,阐述图像分类、目标检测与图像分割三类任务中黑盒攻击算法的核心思想和难点,总结黑盒对抗攻击领域中的关键概念与评估指标,分析不同图像分析任务中黑盒对抗攻击的实现策略与研究目标.阐明各个黑盒攻击算法间的关系与优势,从攻击成功率、查询次数以及相似性度量等多个方面对不同的黑盒攻击算法进行性能比较,以提出目前图像分析领域中黑盒对抗攻击仍存在的主要挑战与未来研究方向.

关键词：黑盒对抗攻击深度神经网络鲁棒性图像分类目标检测图像分割

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Comparison of prognosis and postoperative morbidities between standard pancreaticoduodenectomy and the TRIANGLE technique for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 689-699页

作者： He-Xing Hang Zheng-Hua Cai Yi-Fei yang Xu Fu Yu-Dong Qiu Hao Cheng Division of Pancreatic Surgery Department of General SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Radical surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy offers the possibility of long-term survival or even cure for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocar-cinoma(PDAC),although tumor recurrence,especially locally,still inhibits the treatment *** TRIANGLE technique was introduced as an extended dissection procedure to improve the R0 resection rate of borderline resectable or locally advanced ***,there was a lack of studies concerning postoperative complications and long-term outcomes of this procedure on patients with resectable *** Patients with resectable PDAC eligible for PD from our hospital between June 2018 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort *** the patients were divided into PDstandard and PDTRIANGLE groups according to the surgical *** characteristics,surgical data,and postoperative morbidities were *** of the patients were followed up,and the date and location of tumor recurrence,and death were *** Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for the survival *** There were 93 patients included in the study and 37 underwent the TRIANGLE *** of operation was longer in the PDTRIANGLE group compared with the PDstandard group[440(410-480)min vs 320(265-427)min](P=0.001).Intraoperative blood loss[700(500-1200)mL vs 500(300-800)mL](P=0.009)and blood transfusion[975(0-1250)mL vs 400(0-800)mL](P=0.009)were higher in the PDTRIANGLE *** was a higher incidence of surgical site infection(43.2%vs 12.5%)(P=0.001)and postoperative diarrhea(54.1%vs 12.5%)(P=0.001)in the PDTRIANGLE *** rates of R0 resection and local recurrence,overall survival,and disease-free survival did not differ significantly between the two *** The TRIANGLE technique is safe,with acceptable postoperative morbidities compared with standardized PD,but it does not improve prognosis for patients with resectable PDAC.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma TRIANGLE technique Pancreaticoduodenectomy Prognosis Postoperative morbidities

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Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydrospirotryprostatin B via a Silica Gel-Mediated Cyclization of Tryptamine-Ynamide

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第12期42卷 1355-1359页

作者： Changhong Han Lu yang Kaizong Yao Sen Zhang Jiayue Fu Hanyang Sun Hongsheng Xu Bin Lin Maosheng Cheng Yongxiang Liu Key Laboratory of Structure:Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110016China Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110016China Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China BenxiLiaoning 117000China Zhejiang Shapuaisi Pharmaceutical Co. LtdPinghuZhejiang 314299China

Comprehensive Summary An asymmetric synthesis of dihydrospirotryprostatin B was achieved in 15 steps(8 purifications)from *** main feature of our synthetic strategy is the efficient construction of spirocyclic oxindole intermediate containing a chiral quaternary carbon center,involving the silica gel-mediated cyclization of tryptamine-ynamide and oxidation under neat conditions.

关键词： Asymmetric synthesis Alkaloids Dihydrospirotryprostatin B Tryptamine-ynamide Cross-coupling Silica gel-mediated cyclization Oxidation

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Three-dimensional porous In_(2)O_(3) arrays for self-powered transparent solar-blind photodetectors with high responsivity and excellent spectral selectivity

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4471-4477页

作者： Nana Zhang Xinyu Gao Haoran Guan Simin Sun Jiaming Liu Zhitao Shao Qiyue Gao Yuan Zhang Ruyu Sun Guang yang Feng Gao Wei Feng College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Resource UtilizationNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and Electronic EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China

Transparent solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors(SBUV PDs)have extensive applications in versatile scenarios,such as optical ***,it is still challenging to simultaneously achieve high responsivity,high transparency,and satisfying self-powered ***,we demonstrated high-performance,transparent,and self-powered photoelectrochemical-type(PEC)SBUV PDs based on vertically grown ultrathin In_(2)O_(3) nanosheet arrays(NAs)with a three-dimensional(3D)porous *** 3D porous structure simultaneously improves the transmittance in the visible light region,accelerates interfacial reaction kinetics,and promotes photogenerated carrier *** performance of In_(2)O_(3) NAs photoanodes exceeds most reported self-powered PEC SBUV PDs,exhibiting a high transmittance of approximately 80%in the visible light region,a high responsivity of 86.15 mA/W for 254 nm light irradiation,a fast response speed of 15/18 ms,and good multicycle *** In_(2)O_(3) NAs also show excellent spectral selectivity with an ultrahigh solar-blind rejection ratio of 1319.30,attributed to the quantum confinement effect induced by the ultrathin feature(2-3 nm).Furthermore,In_(2)O_(3) NAs photoanodes show good capability in underwater optical *** work demonstrated that a 3D porous structure is a powerful strategy to synchronously achieve high responsivity and transparency and provides a new perspective for designing high-performance,transparent,and self-powered PEC SBUV PDs.

关键词： In_(2)O_(3) three-dimensional porous transparent photoelectrochemical solar-blind photodetectors

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Cow-YOLO:Automatic cow mounting detection based on non-local CSPDarknet53 and multiscale neck

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 193-202页

作者： De Li Junhao Wang Zhe Zhang Baisheng Dai Kaixuan Zhao Weizheng Shen Yanling Yin yang Li College of Electrical Engineering and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023HenanChina College of Animal Sciences and Technology Northeast Agriculture UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of Northeast Smart Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Cows mounting behavior is a significant manifestation of estrus in *** timely detection of cows mounting behavior can make cows conceive in time,thereby improving milk production of cows and economic benefits of the *** methods of mounting behavior detection are difficult to achieve precise detection under occlusion and severe scale change environments and meet real-time ***,this study proposed a Cow-YOLO model to detect cows mounting *** meet the needs of real-time performance,YOLOv5s model is used as the baseline *** order to solve the problem of difficult detection of cows mounting behavior in an occluded environment,the CSPDarknet53 of YOLOv5s is replaced with Non-local CSPDarknet53,which enables the network to obtain global information and improves the model’s ability to detect the mounting ***,the neck of YOLOv5s is redesigned to Multiscale Neck,reinforcing the multi-scale feature fusion capability of model to solve difficulty detection under dramatic scale ***,to further increase the detection accuracy,the Coordinate Attention Head is integrated into ***,these improvements form a novel cow mounting detection model called Cow-YOLO and make Cow-YOLO more suitable for cows mounting behavior detection in occluded and drastic scale changes ***-YOLO achieved a precision of 99.7%,a recall of 99.5%,a mean average precision of 99.5%,and a detection speed of 156.3 f/s on the test *** with existing detection methods of cows mounting behavior,Cow-YOLO achieved higher detection accuracy and faster detection speed in an occluded and drastic scale-change ***-YOLO can assist ranch breeders in achieving real-time monitoring of cows estrus,enhancing ranch economic efficiency.

关键词： cows mounting automatic detection Cow-YOLO computer vision CSPDarknet53 multiscale neck

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基于边界点估计与稀疏卷积神经网络的三维点云语义分割

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浙江大学学报（工学版） 2024年第6期58卷 1121-1132页

作者：杨军张琛兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院甘肃兰州730070 兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院甘肃兰州730070

针对大规模点云具有稀疏性,传统点云方法提取上下文语义特征不够丰富,并且语义分割结果存在物体边界模糊的问题,提出基于边界点估计与稀疏卷积神经网络的三维点云语义分割算法,主要包括体素分支与点分支.对于体素分支,将原始点云进行体... 详细信息

针对大规模点云具有稀疏性,传统点云方法提取上下文语义特征不够丰富,并且语义分割结果存在物体边界模糊的问题,提出基于边界点估计与稀疏卷积神经网络的三维点云语义分割算法,主要包括体素分支与点分支.对于体素分支,将原始点云进行体素化后经过稀疏卷积得到上下文语义特征;进行解体素化得到每个点的初始语义标签;将初始语义标签输入到边界点估计模块中得到可能的边界点.对于点分支,使用改进的动态图卷积模块提取点云局部几何特征;依次经过空间注意力模块与通道注意力模块增强局部特征;将点分支得到的局部几何特征与体素分支得到的上下文特征融合,增强点云特征的丰富性.本算法在S3DIS数据集和SemanticKITTI数据集上的语义分割精度分别达到69.5%和62.7%.实验结果表明,本研究算法能够提取到更丰富的点云特征,可以对物体的边界区域进行准确分割,具有较好的三维点云语义分割能力.

关键词：点云数据语义分割注意力机制稀疏卷积体素化

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Exposure to microplastics induces lower survival,oxidative stress,disordered microbiota and altered metabolism in the intestines of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第5期9卷 785-794页

作者： Xuewen Jia yang Liu Yan He Hongyan Yu Yuting Liu Yubang Shen Xiaoyan Xu Jiale Li Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China

There are major gaps in illustrating the risk to freshwater fish that are exposed to environmental microplastics(MPs),even though MPs in freshwater environments has drawn much *** explore the potentially negative effects of microplastics on freshwater fish,grass carp(averaging 9.215±0.035g)were exposed to microplastics(32-40μm in diameter)at two environmental concentrations(100 and 1000μg/L)for 21 days,and evaluated for physio-biochemical performance,gut microbiome,and metabolome *** exposure,microplastics were detected in the intestine and within basal nuclei and goblet cells *** enzyme activities(superoxide dismutase and catalase)also significantly decreased within the intestines(P<0.05).Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis,a decrease in diversity and richness was observed in the MPs-H and MPs-L *** abundance of opportunistic pathogens increased and beneficial bacteria decreased in both MP *** example,Acinetobacter and Bosea proportions were higher in the MPs-L group,while Bacteroides and Shewanella increased in the MPs-H ***,abundance of Lactobacillus decreased both in the MPs-H and MPs-L *** analysis revealed primary bile acid biosynthesis metabolism upregulated in the MPs-L and purine metabolism downregulated in the MPs-H ***,an integration analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolomics identified significant associations between several bacteria taxa and metabolites related to intestinal *** together,these results highlighted the negative effects on intestinal morphology,oxidative stress,and microbiome and emphasized the relationship between microbiota and metabolites in response to microplastics,which could provide comprehensive insights into the potential risks of MPs on freshwater fish intestines.

关键词： Microplastics Oxidative stress Metabolomics Microbiome Grass carp Intestine

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Selective removal of Cr(Ⅵ)using polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyacrylamide co-modified MoS_(2) ccomposites by adsorption combined with reduction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 524-530页

作者： Shuqi Yu Yu yang Keisuke Kuroda Jian Pu Rui Guo Li-An Hou State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Toyama Prefectural UniversityImizuToyama 939-0398Japan Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability United Nations UniversityJingumae 5-53-70Shibuya-kuTokyo 150-8925Japan Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China

Cr(Ⅵ),one of the most hazardous metal pollutants,poses significant threats to the environment and human ***,a novel MoS_(2) composite(MoS_(2)/PVP/PAM)modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)and polyacrylamide(PAM)was synthesized to enhance the removal of Cr(Ⅵ).Characterization analysis including SEM,XRD,FTIR,and XPS indicated that PVP and PAM could increase the interlayer spacing and the dispersibility of MoS_(2),and introduce pyrrolic N and amino functional *** batch experiments showed that MoS_(2)/PVP/PAM represented excellent Cr(Ⅵ)removal performance over a wide p H range,and exhibited a significantly higher maximum Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption capacity(274.73 mg/g,at p H 3.0,and 298 K)than pure MoS_(2).The adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ)followed Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic model,which was a homogeneous monolayer chemisorption ***_(2)/PVP/PAM showed stable removal of Cr(Ⅵ)in the presence of humic acid(HA),interfering cations and anions at different ***,it had excellent selectivity for Cr(Ⅵ)(K_(d) value of 1.69×10^(7)m L/g)when coexisting with a variety of competing *** characterization revealed that Cr(Ⅵ)was reduced to low toxicity Cr(Ⅲ)by Mo^(4+)and S^(2-),and then chelated on the surface of the adsorbent by pyrrolic *** research expanded the design concept for MoS_(2) composites by demonstrating the potential of MoS_(2)/PVP/PAM as a promising material for selective elimination of Cr(Ⅵ)in water.

关键词： Polyvinylpyrrolidone Polyacrylamide MoS_(2) Cr(Ⅵ)removal Adsorbent Reduction

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Multi-Task Visual Semantic Embedding Network for Image-Text Retrieval

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第4期39卷 811-826页

作者： Xue-yang Qin Li-Shuang Li Jing-Yao Tang Fei Hao Mei-Ling Ge Guang-Yao Pang School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China School of Computer Engineering Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Intelligent Industry Software Wuzhou UniversityWuzhou 543002 China

Image-text retrieval aims to capture the semantic correspondence between images and texts,which serves as a foundation and crucial component in multi-modal recommendations,search systems,and online *** mainstream methods primarily focus on modeling the association of image-text pairs while neglecting the advantageous impact of multi-task learning on image-text *** this end,a multi-task visual semantic embedding network(MVSEN)is proposed for image-text ***,we design two auxiliary tasks,including text-text matching and multi-label classification,for semantic constraints to improve the generalization and robustness of visual semantic embedding from a training ***,we present an intra-and inter-modality interaction scheme to learn discriminative visual and textual feature representations by facilitating information flow within and between ***,we utilize multi-layer graph convolutional networks in a cascading manner to infer the correlation of image-text *** results show that MVSEN outperforms state-of-the-art methods on two publicly available datasets,Flickr30K and MSCOCO,with rSum improvements of 8.2%and 3.0%,respectively.

关键词： image-text retrieval cross-modal retrieval multi-task learning graph convolutional network

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