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Reveal the lost entanglement for accelerated atoms in the high-dimensional spacetime

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 48-57页

作者： Jiatong yan Baocheng zhang Qingyu Cai School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Physics Department Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island 02912USA Center for Theoretical Physics Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory Hefei 230026China

When atoms are accelerated in the vacuum,entanglement among atoms will degrade compared with the initial situation before the *** this study,we propose a novel and interesting view that the lost entanglement can be recovered completely when the high-dimensional spacetime is exploited,in the case that the acceleration is not too large,since the entanglement loss rate caused by the large acceleration is faster than the recovery *** also calculate the entanglement change caused by the anti-Unruh effect and found that the lost entanglement could just be recovered part by the anti-Unruh effect,and the anti-Unruh effect could only appear for a finite range of acceleration when the interaction time scale is approximately shorter than the reciprocal of the energy gap in two dimensional *** limit case of zero acceleration is also investigated,which gives an analytical interpretation for the increase or recovery of entanglement.

关键词： entanglement acceleration high-dimensional spacetime

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“Capture-activation-recapture” mechanism-guided design of double-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 437-447页

作者： Cheng He Shiqi yan Wenxue zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science1nd EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Materials Science1nd Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064ShaanxiChina

Compared with the traditional industrial nitrogen fixation, electrocatalytic methods, especially those utilizing double-atom catalysts containing nonmetals, can give good consideration to the economy and environmental protection. However, the existing “acceptance-donation” mechanism is only applicable to bimetallic catalysts and nonmetallic double-atom catalysts containing boron atoms. Herein, a novel “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism for metal-nonmetal double-atom catalyst is proposed to solve the problem by adjusting the coordination environments of nonmetallic atoms and utilizing the activation effect of metal atoms on nitrogen. Based on this mechanism, the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) activity of 48 structures is calculated by density functional theory calculation, and four candidates are selected as outstanding electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction catalysts: Si-Fe@NG (U_(L) = –0.14 V), Si-Co@NG (U_(L)= –0.15 V), Si-Mo@BP1 (U_(L) = 0 V), and Si-Re@BP1 (U_(L) = –0.02 V). The analyses of electronic properties further confirm “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism and suggest that the difference in valence electron distribution between metal and Si atoms triggers the activation of N≡N bonds. In addition, a machine learning approach is utilized to generate an expression and an intrinsic descriptor that considers the coordination environment to predict the limiting potential. This study offers profound insight into the synergistic mechanism of TM and Si for NRR and guidance in the design of novel double-atom nitrogen fixation catalysts.

关键词： "Capture-activation-recapture"mechanism Double-atom catalyst Nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory

Vitamin D-binding protein in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles as a potential biomarker for major depressive disorder

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1009-1021页

作者： Gaojia zhang ling Li yan Kong Dandan Xu Yu Bao Zhiting zhang Zhixiang Liao Jiao Jiao Dandan Fan Xiaojing Long Ji Dai Chunming Xie Zhiqiang Meng Zhijun zhang Department of Neurology Affiliated Zhongda HospitalResearch Institution of NeuropsychiatrySchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Sciences-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions ShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Department of Mental Health and Public HealthFaculty of Life and Health SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder(MDD).Vitamin D-binding protein(VDBP)is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)tissues of MDD ***,the role of VDBP as a potential biomarker of MDD diagnosis was further *** extracellular vesicles(EVs)and brain cell-derived EVs(BCDEVs)were isolated from the plasma of first-episode drug-naïve or drug-free MDD patients and well-matched healthy controls(HCs)in discovery(20 MDD patients and 20 HCs)and validation cohorts(88 MDD patients and 38 HCs).VDBP level in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)from chronic glucocorticoid-induced depressed rhesus macaques or prelimbic cortex from lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depressed mice and wild control groups was measured to evaluate its relationship with VDBP in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles(MDEVs).VDBP was significantly decreased in MDD plasma MDEVs compared to HCs,and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score with the highest diagnostic accuracy among *** in plasma MDEVs was decreased both in depressed rhesus macaques and mice.A positive correlation of VDBP in MDEVs with that in CSF was detected in depressed rhesus *** levels in prelimbic cortex microglia were negatively correlated with those in plasma MDEVs in depressed *** main results suggested that VDBP in plasma MDEVs might serve as a prospective candidate biomarker for MDD diagnosis.

关键词： Biomarker Cerebrospinal fluid Major depressive disorder Microglia derived extracellular vesicles Vitamin-D binding protein

Study on the flow structure in curved open channels with suspended vegetation using multi relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 300-315页

作者： He-fang Jing Qiao-ling zhang Wei-hong Wang Zong-ning zhang School of Mathematics and Information Science North Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021China School of Civil Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021China Department of Basic Courses Zhengzhou University of Science and TechnologyZhengzhou450064China

Suspended vegetation in rivers,lakes,reservoirs and canals can change flow structure,which will in turn affect the sediment transport and cause the variation of water ecological *** order to study the characteristics of bend flow through suspended vegetation,three-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out by using the multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method(MRT-LBM).The drag force induced by vegetation is added in the velocity correction in the equilibrium distribution and a hybrid format combined bounce and specular reflection scheme is applied in the solid-fluid *** the validation of this model,six cases are designed to conduct the numerical simulations according to the root depth and the arrangement of *** simulated results show that the suspended vegetation can redistribute the flow structure in curved open *** the arrangement of suspended vegetation,the main flow moves to the side without vegetation,and the distribution of velocity tends to be balanced when vegetation is arranged on the entire cross section,the range of circulating current is reduced from the whole cross section to the local position without vegetation,however,the circulating current can still exist in the curve where the suspended vegetation enters less than half of the water *** addition,it can also be concluded that the suspended vegetation can affect the lateral gradient of flow velocity,and the bed shear stress in the curved channel.

关键词： Multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method(MRT-LBM) suspended vegetation curved open channel circulating current bed shearstress

Automatic detection of small bowel lesions with different bleeding risks based on deep learning models

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 170-183页

作者： Rui-Ya zhang Peng-Peng Qiang ling-Jun Cai Tao Li yan Qin Yu zhang Yi-Qing Zhao Jun-Ping Wang Department of Gastroenterology The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030012Shanxi ProvinceChina School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006Shanxi ProvinceChina School of Life Sciences and Technology Mudanjiang Normal UniversityMudanjiang 157011Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Deep learning provides an efficient automatic image recognition method for small bowel(SB)capsule endoscopy(CE)that can assist physicians in ***,the existing deep learning models present some unresolved *** To propose a novel and effective classification and detection model to automatically identify various SB lesions and their bleeding risks,and label the lesions accurately so as to enhance the diagnostic efficiency of physicians and the ability to identify high-risk bleeding *** The proposed model represents a two-stage method that combined image classification with object ***,we utilized the improved ResNet-50 classification model to classify endoscopic images into SB lesion images,normal SB mucosa images,and invalid ***,the improved YOLO-V5 detection model was utilized to detect the type of lesion and its risk of bleeding,and the location of the lesion was *** constructed training and testing sets and compared model-assisted reading with physician *** The accuracy of the model constructed in this study reached 98.96%,which was higher than the accuracy of other systems using only a single *** sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the model-assisted reading detection of all images were 99.17%,99.92%,and 99.86%,which were significantly higher than those of the endoscopists’*** image processing time of the model was 48 ms/image,and the image processing time of the physicians was 0.40±0.24 s/image(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The deep learning model of image classification combined with object detection exhibits a satisfactory diagnostic effect on a variety of SB lesions and their bleeding risks in CE images,which enhances the diagnostic efficiency of physicians and improves the ability of physicians to identify high-risk bleeding groups.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Deep learning Capsule endoscopy Image classification Object detection Bleeding risk

An analytical model of hot rolling force for a thick plate by combining globally optimal approximation yield criterion and egg-circular velocity field

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 647-659页

作者： Shun-hu zhang Yi zhang Wen-hao Tian yan Li Shagang School of Iron and Steel Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021JiangsuChina

For the sake of solving the problem that it is difficult to be integrated for the Mises specific plastic power due to its nonlinearity,a new linear criterion,named the globally optimal approximation criterion,is constructed by the polygonal approximation to the Mises *** new criterion is proved to be the linear function of the principal stress componentsσ1,σ2 andσ3 and the trajectory of it on theπ-plane is a non-equiangular but equilateral dodecagon intersecting the Mises *** theoretical results of the current criterion described by the Lode stress parameters are in excellent accordance with the experimental ***,according to the trend that the metallic flow velocity between rollers aggrandizes gradually from the inlet to the outlet during the hot rolling of a thick plate,a biomimetic velocity field is proposed in which the horizontal velocity component fits the egg-circular curve *** velocity field and its simulated results agree quite ***,using the determined linear criterion,energy analysis of the constructed velocity field is utilized to obtain the interior deformation power,while the vector decomposition approach is utilized to obtain the frictional power and shear *** this basis,the overall power is obtained and the analytical solutions are generated for the rolling torque,rolling force and the coefficient of the stress state under different egg curves by minimizing the neutral ***,the parameter optimization of the characteristic parameterρwhich affects the slope of the egg-circular curve is carried out and the best egg-circular curve which can minimize the energy consumption is *** best agreement between the theoretical and observed values of rolling force and rolling torque is under this curve,and the mean relative errors of the rolling torque and rolling force are no more than 2.93%,while the maximum error is no more than 8.35%.

关键词： Yield criterion Plastic deformation Rolling force Velocity field Analytical solution

A CRISPR/RfxC as13d-mediated strategy for efficient RNA knockdown in mouse embryonic development

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Lin zhang Shi-Meng Cao Hao Wu Meng yan Jinsong Li ling-ling Chen State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation Science and Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Shenzhen

The growing variety of RNA classes, such as mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, plays pivotal roles in both developmental processes and various pathophysiological conditions. Nonetheless, our comprehension of RNA functions in live organisms remains limited due to the absence of durable and effective strategies for directly influencing RNA levels. In this study, we combined the CRISPR-RfxCas13d system with spermlike stem cell-mediated semi-cloning techniques, which enabled the suppressed expression of different RNA species. This approach was employed to interfere with the expression of three types of RNA molecules: Sfmbt2 mRNA, Fendrr lncRNA, and circMan1a2(2,3,4,5,6). The results confirmed the critical roles of these RNAs in embryonic development, as their loss led to observable phenotypes, including embryonic lethality, delayed embryonic development, and embryo resorption. In summary, our methodology offers a potent toolkit for silencing specific RNA targets in living organisms without introducing genetic alterations.

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Attribution of Biases of Interhemispheric Temperature Contrast in CMIP6 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 325-340页

作者： Shiyan zhang Yongyun HU Jiankai zhang yan XIA Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

One of the basic characteristics of Earth's modern climate is that the Northern Hemisphere(NH) is climatologically warmer than the Southern Hemisphere(SH). Here, model performances of this basic state are examined using simulation results from 26 CMIP6 models. Results show that the CMIP6 models underestimate the contrast in interhemispheric surface temperatures on average(0.8 K for CMIP6 mean versus 1.4 K for reanalysis data mean), and that there is a large intermodel spread, ranging from -0.7 K to 2.3 K. A box model energy budget analysis shows that the contrast in interhemispheric shortwave absorption at the top of the atmosphere, the contrast in interhemispheric greenhouse trapping, and the crossequatorial northward ocean heat transport, are all underestimated in the multimodel mean. By examining the intermodel spread, we find intermodel biases can be tracked back to biases in midlatitude shortwave cloud forcing in AGCMs. Models with a weaker interhemispheric temperature contrast underestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the SH but overestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the NH, which are respectively due to underestimation of the cloud fraction over the SH extratropical ocean and overestimation of the cloud liquid water content over the NH extratropical *** that underestimate the interhemispheric temperature contrast exhibit larger double ITCZ biases, characterized by excessive precipitation in the SH tropics. Although this intermodel spread does not account for the multimodel ensemble mean biases, it highlights that improving cloud simulation in AGCMs is essential for simulating the climate realistically in coupled models.

关键词： interhemispheric temperature contrast energy balance shortwave cloud forcing ITCZ CMIP6 AGCM

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Weak Graph Map Homotopy and Its Applications

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第2期45卷 235-252页

作者： Conglei zhang yanying WANG Zhiguo zhang yan ZHAO School of Mathematical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Department of Basic Science Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhang 030801ShanxiChina Center for Topology and Geometry based Technology School of Mathematical SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China School of Mathematical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030031China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Shanxi Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China School of Mathematics and Science Hebei GEO UniversityShijiazhuang 050031China

The authors introduce a notion of a weak graph map homotopy(they call it M-homotopy),discuss its properties and *** prove that the weak graph map homotopy equivalence between graphs coincides with the graph homotopy equivalence defined by Yau et al in *** difference between them is that the weak graph map homotopy transformation is defined in terms of maps,while the graph homotopy transformation is defined by means of combinatorial *** discuss its advantages over the graph homotopy *** its applications,they investigate the mapping class group of a graph and the 1-order M P-homotopy group of a pointed simple ***,they show that the 1-order M P-homotopy group of a pointed simple graph is invariant up to the weak graph map homotopy equivalence.

关键词： Weak graph map homotopy Trivial vertex Strong deformation retract Mapping class group MP-Homotopy group

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