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Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： yan xu Deqiang li Qianmu li Shouhuai xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples

Research on the preparation of amorphous diamond nanorod arrays and their excellent field emitting properties

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 156-163页

作者： yan Pengxun li Xiaochun xu Jianwei li Xin li Chun liU yang Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute for Plasma & Metal Materials Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

Amorphous diamond nanorod arrays with excellent field emitting have been fabricated firstly on the AAO template by the filtered cathodic arc plasma technique. Microscopic analysis has displayed that the nanorods are very uniformly distributed, and the density is very high up to ～109 cm-2. The nanorod arrays are found to have an extremely low turn-on field of 0.16 V/μm, which is lower than other reported materials, and a high- emission current density of 180 mA/cm2 under an applied field of 2 V/μm can also be obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and filed emitting tester are employed to characterize the nanorod arrays. The field emission mechanism of the nanorod arrays is also discussed.

关键词： amorphous diamond nanorod arrays, magnetic filtered plasma, AAO, field electron emitting.

Neuroprotective effects of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第8期10卷 1343-1344页

作者： Ai-ping Xi Zhong-xin xu Feng-li liu yan-li xu The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering School of Medicine Hebei University of Engineering

Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside（GM1）is a type of glycosphingolipid containing sialic acid that is closely related to cell-cell recognition,adhesion and signal ***1is mainly composed of ceramide and oligosaccharide ... 详细信息

关键词： conduction chains injured neuronal backbone exogenous intercellular lipids registered peroxidation

Autoantibodies: Potential clinical applications in early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第34期25卷 5049-5068页

作者： Yi-Wei xu Yu-Hui Peng li-yan xu Jian-Jun Xie En-Min li Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Oncologic Pathology Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma(EGJA)are the two main types of gastrointestinal cancers that pose a huge threat to human *** remains one of the most common malignant diseases around the *** contrast to the decreasing prevalence of ESCC,the incidence of EGJA is rising *** detection represents one of the most promising ways to improve the prognosis and reduce the mortality of these *** approaches for early diagnosis mainly depend on invasive and costly ***-invasive biomarkers are in great need to facilitate earlier detection for better clinical management of ***-associated autoantibodies can be detected at an early stage before manifestations of clinical signs of tumorigenesis,making them promising biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of ESCC and *** this review,we summarize recent insights into the iden-tification and validation of tumor-associated autoantibodies for the early detection of ESCC and EGJA and discuss the challenges remaining for clinical validation.

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma Biomarker Autoantibody Diagnosis

A Service Relevance Based Matching Algorithm on Grid Environment

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第1期11卷 269-272页

作者： QIN Wen-yan xu li-zhen HE Jie-yue Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu China

This paper presents a semantic metadata description model for grid services, and furthermore, a service relevance based matching algorithm is proposed. Some rea sonable parameters interpreting services characterizations are considered to advise matching process, whose weightiness and service relevance dramatically contribute to the decision making of service matching degree, And what＇s more, matching is secondly executed on the bases of experience adaptation of matching factors, which improves matching degree in gird service retrieve greatly.

关键词： grid ontology semantic metadata service relevance match

Doebner condensation in ionic liquids [Bmim]BF_4 and [Bpy]BF_4 to synthesize α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第3期20卷 279-282页

作者： Dong Jiang Yuan Yuan Wang yan Nan xu li Yi Dai Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

Ionic liquids [Bmim]BF4 and [Bpy]BF4 were employed as environmentally benign media in Doebner condensation to synthesize α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid. The good results showed that [Bmim]BF4 and [Bpy]BF4 were efficient media for Doebner condensation, which could be recycled easily. The highest yields could reach 93% and 90% in [Bmim]BF4 and [Bpy]BF4, respectively.

关键词： Ionic liquid Doebner condensation α, β-Unsaturated carboxylic acid Decarboxylation

A 3-D Differential Method for Solving Rolling Force of PC Hot Strip Mill

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第9期17卷 36-39页

作者： WANG xue-song PENG yan xu li-pu liU Hong-min State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Rolling Equipment and Complete Technology of Ministry of Education Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 Hebei China

The character of the deformation zone on pair cross rolls is different from that of the regular 4-high mill. Considering comprehensive influences of normal stress and shear stress in rolling direction, width direction and thickness direction, the rolling force calculation model of the PC （pair crossed） hot strip mill is built. Taking the entry stress and the exit stress of strip as the boundary conditions, the longitudinal and transverse distribution of rolling force is worked out by the differential method. Then the total rolling force is calculated, and calculated results are verified by experimental data.

关键词： PC rolling mill rolling force differential method model building

High-speed penetration of ogive-nose projectiles into thick concrete targets:Tests and a projectile nose evolution model

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 553-571页

作者： xu li yan liu Junbo yan Zhenqing Shi Hongfu Wang Yingliang xu Fenglei Huang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing401120China China Research and Development Academy of Machinery Equipment Beijing100089China

The majority of the projectiles used in the hypersonic penetration study are solid flat-nosed cylindrical projectiles with a diameter of less than 20 *** study aims to fill the gap in the experimental and analytical study of the evolution of the nose shape of larger hollow projectiles under hypersonic *** the hypersonic penetration test,eight ogive-nose AerMet100 steel projectiles with a diameter of 40 mm were launched to hit concrete targets with impact velocities that ranged from 1351 to 1877 m/*** erosion of the projectiles was observed during high-speed penetration of heterogeneous targets,and apparent localized mushrooming occurred in the front nose of recovered *** examining the damage to projectiles,a linear relationship was found between the relative length reduction rate and the initial kinetic energy of projectiles in different penetration ***,microscopic analysis revealed the forming mechanism of the localized mushrooming phenomenon for eroding penetration,i.e.,material spall erosion abrasion mechanism,material flow and redistribution abrasion mechanism and localized radial upsetting deformation ***,a model of highspeed penetration that included erosion was established on the basis of a model of the evolution of the projectile nose that considers radial upsetting;the model was validated by test data from the literature and the present *** upon the impact velocity,v0,the projectile nose may behave as undistorted,radially distorted or *** to the effects of abrasion of the projectile and enhancement of radial upsetting on the duration and amplitude of the secondary rising segment in the pulse shape of projectile deceleration,the predicted DOP had an upper limit.

关键词： High-speed penetration Concrete target Erosion Projectile nose evolution model

Robust Interval State Estimation for Distribution Systems Considering Pseudo-measurement Interval Prediction

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 179-188页

作者： xu Zhang Wei yan Meiqing Huo Hui li the School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Interval state estimation(ISE)can estimate state intervals of power systems according to confidence intervals of predicted pseudo-measurements,thereby analyzing the impact of uncertain pseudo-measurements on ***,predicted pseudo-measurements have prediction errors,and their confidence intervals do not necessarily contain the truth values,leading to estimation biases of the *** solve this problem,this paper proposes a pseudo-measurement interval prediction framework based on the Gaussian process regression(GPR)model,thereby improving the prediction accuracy of pseudo-measurement confidence ***,a weight assignment strategy for improving the robustness of weighted least squares(WLS)ISE is *** strategy quantifies the deviation between the pseudo-measurement intervals and their estimated intervals and assigns smaller weights to the pseudo-measurement intervals with larger deviations,thereby improving the estimation accuracy and robustness of the *** paper adopts the data from the supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA)system of the New York Independent System Operator(NYISO).It verifies the advantages of the GPR method for pseudo-measurement interval prediction by comparing it with the quantile regression and neural network *** addition,this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed weight assignment strategy through the IEEE 14-bus ***,the differences in the estimation accuracy and the bad data identification between the robust interval state estimation and deterministic state estimation are discussed.

关键词： Interval state estimation interval analysis pseudo-measurement Gaussian process regression(GPR)