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基于卡尔加里-剑桥指南的沙龙培训模式提升全科规培医师医患沟通技能的对照研究

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中国全科医学 2025年第1期28卷 71-76页

作者：彭涛邹川曾欣张焱沈静四川省成都市第五人民医院全科医学科 611130

背景医患沟通技能是全科医生的核心岗位胜任力之一,高水平的医患沟通能力是创建和谐医患关系的基石,有助于提高患者就医获得感和满意度。而我国全科医生沟通能力普遍偏低,有待探索出一种适应我国国情、满足我国全科医生沟通需求的医患... 详细信息

背景医患沟通技能是全科医生的核心岗位胜任力之一,高水平的医患沟通能力是创建和谐医患关系的基石,有助于提高患者就医获得感和满意度。而我国全科医生沟通能力普遍偏低,有待探索出一种适应我国国情、满足我国全科医生沟通需求的医患沟通培训模式来提高其医患沟通能力。目的探索基于卡尔加里-剑桥指南的沙龙培训模式在全科规培医师医患沟通技能培训中的应用效果,为构建适合我国国情的医患沟通培训体系提供参考依据。方法选取成都市第五人民医院2019—2020年度全科规培医师40名作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为沙龙组和对照组,每组20名,其中沙龙组使用基于卡尔加里-剑桥指南的沙龙培训模式进行医患沟通培训,对照组设置为空白对照,培训前、培训后1周分别对两组学员采用标准化病人(SP)模式进行接诊,使用医患沟通评价量表(SEGUE量表)进行现场观察评分,比较两组学员的医患沟通培训效果。结果最终纳入28名,其中沙龙组15名,对照组13名,培训后沙龙组规培医师SEGUE量表评分从(11.80±4.36)分提高至(18.07±4.11)分,对照组规培医师SEGUE量表评分从(12.15±4.63)分提高至(14.46±3.71)分。沙龙组培训后的SEGUE量表评分与培训前的比较,差异有统计学意义(t=3.250,P<0.001);对照组培训后的SEGUE量表评分与培训前比较,差异无统计学意义(t=2.582,P=0.624);培训后对SEGUE量表中的25个项目进行分析,沙龙组与对照组SEGUE量表评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。沙龙组以下5个项目结果优于对照组,准备阶段中的“建立个人信任关系”(93.3%比7.7%)、“保护患者的隐私/尊重患者选择权”(53.3%比15.4%);理解患者阶段中的“认同患者为疾病所付出的努力、改变及其遇到的困难”(33.3%比23.1%)、“表达关心,使患者感到温暖/树立信心”(100.0%比69.2%);结束问诊阶段中的“询问患者是否还有其他的问题需要探讨”(66.7%比23.1%)。结论基于卡尔加里-剑桥指南的沙龙培训模式对全科规培医师进行医患沟通技能培训可增强学员主动参加培训的兴趣和积极性,对于医患沟通能力的提升具有较好的培训效果,值得借鉴和推广。

关键词：全科医学全科医师规范化培训医患沟通沟通培训卡尔加里-剑桥指南

Role of titanium carbide and alumina on the friction increment for Cu-based metallic brake pads under different initial braking speeds

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Friction 2021年第6期9卷 1543-1557页

作者： tao PENG Qingzhi yan Xiaolu ZHANG yan ZHUANG Laboratory of Special Ceramics and Powder Metallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

To understand the effect of abrasives on increasing friction in Cu-based metallic pads under different braking speeds,pad materials with two typical abrasives,titanium carbide(TiC)and alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)),were produced and tested using a scale dynamometer under various initial braking speeds(IBS).The results showed that at IBS lower than 250 km/h,both TiC and Al_(2)O_(3) particles acted as hard points and exhibited similar friction-increasing behavior,where the increase in friction was not only enhanced as IBS increased,but also enhanced by increasing the volume fraction of the ***,at higher IBS,the friction increase was limited by the bonding behavior between the matrix and *** these conditions,the composite containing TiC showed a better friction-increasing effect and wear resistance than the composite containing Al_(2)O_(3) because of its superior particle-matrix bonding and coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)*** of the poor interface bonding between the matrix and Al_(2)O_(3),a transition phenomenon exists in the Al_(2)O_(3)-reinforced composite,in which the friction-increasing effect diminished when IBS exceeded a certain value.

关键词： high-speed train friction mechanisms brake pads abrasives

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中药抗流感病毒研究进展

现代中药研究与实践 2018年第3期32卷 82-86页

作者：刘畅闫艳韬郎爽何康婧高增平北京中医药大学中药学院北京102488

流感是由流感病毒引起的呼吸道疾病,发病率高、流行广泛、变异性强。中药在抑制流感病毒方面有其独特优势,目前在我国临床已有广泛应用,研究表明其具有多方面确切疗效,具有更广泛的适应性。通过采用文献查阅法,对抗流感病毒中药的有效... 详细信息

流感是由流感病毒引起的呼吸道疾病,发病率高、流行广泛、变异性强。中药在抑制流感病毒方面有其独特优势,目前在我国临床已有广泛应用,研究表明其具有多方面确切疗效,具有更广泛的适应性。通过采用文献查阅法,对抗流感病毒中药的有效成分、体内外抗流感病毒作用及其机制进行阐述。

关键词：流感病毒单味中药中药复方活性成分

AN ACCELERATION STRATEGY FOR RANDOMIZE-THEN-OPTIMIZE SAMPLING VIA DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第6期39卷 848-864页

作者： Liang yan tao Zhou School of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Nanjing Center for Applied Mathematics Nanjing211135China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering ComputingAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Randomize-then-optimize (RTO) is widely used for sampling from posterior distributions in Bayesian inverse problems. However, RTO can be computationally intensive forcomplexity problems due to repetitive evaluations of the expensive forward model and itsgradient. In this work, we present a novel goal-oriented deep neural networks (DNN) surrogate approach to substantially reduce the computation burden of RTO. In particular,we propose to drawn the training points for the DNN-surrogate from a local approximatedposterior distribution – yielding a flexible and efficient sampling algorithm that convergesto the direct RTO approach. We present a Bayesian inverse problem governed by ellipticPDEs to demonstrate the computational accuracy and efficiency of our DNN-RTO approach, which shows that DNN-RTO can significantly outperform the traditional RTO.

关键词： Bayesian inverse problems Deep neural network Markov chain Monte Carlo

The impact of farmers’ assessments of risk management strategies on their adoption willingness

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3323-3338页

作者： SHANG yan XIONG tao College of Economics and Management Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China

Farmers'assessments of risk management strategies and how the assessments influence their willingness to adopt these strategies are poorly *** study conducts a structured survey of 469 farmers to investigate how farmers assess both crop insurance and crop price insurance,the impact of the assessments on their adoption willingness,and in particular,the differences in assessments and adoption willingness between crop insurance and crop price *** results show that farmers’assessments on crop insurance can be significantly improved through communication and *** most effective way to improve farmers'assessments on crop price insurance is providing adequate information about the insurance ***,farmers'adoption willingness would be enhanced by improved assessment of both crop yield and crop price *** study provides the first empirical evidence that farmers have limited information to assess insurance,which significantly influences their willingness to *** finding reflects that the dissemination of insurance policies,the effectiveness of insurance,and the availability of insurance services significantly enable farmers'ability to assess risk management strategies,which potentially increases farmers'willingness to adopt insurance.

关键词： assessments adoption willingness crop insurance crop price insurance protection motivation theory(PMT)

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分子光谱法研究槲皮苷与DNA的相互作用

黑龙江大学工程学报 2016年第3期7卷 47-52页

作者：乔春玉张重越孙艳涛闫鹏肖雪朱传勇黑龙江工程学院材料与化学工程学院哈尔滨150050 黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院病理科哈尔滨150040 吉林师范大学化学学院吉林四平136000

以溴化乙锭(EB)做为DNA的荧光探针,研究了黄酮类化合物——槲皮苷与DNA的相互作用。实验结果表明,离子强度对槲皮苷与DNA的结合常数有一定的影响。在15℃、25℃、35℃和45℃时的Stern-Volmer曲线说明了槲皮苷对DNA荧光猝灭的过程。通过... 详细信息

以溴化乙锭(EB)做为DNA的荧光探针,研究了黄酮类化合物——槲皮苷与DNA的相互作用。实验结果表明,离子强度对槲皮苷与DNA的结合常数有一定的影响。在15℃、25℃、35℃和45℃时的Stern-Volmer曲线说明了槲皮苷对DNA荧光猝灭的过程。通过计算得到了在不同温度时二者的结合常数,以及相对应的热力学常数ΔH、ΔG和ΔS。

关键词：槲皮苷 DNA 荧光猝灭结合常数

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紫萁贯众中流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂的筛选

中国现代中药 2019年第11期21卷 1497-1504,1511页

作者：郎爽闫艳韬刘畅杨锦王子健高增平北京中医药大学中药学院北京100102 北京中医药大学北京中医药研究院北京100029

目的:筛选紫萁贯众中具有良好抗流感病毒神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)活性的化合物。方法:将紫萁贯众已分离得到的23个化合物与18种流感病毒神经氨酸酶进行分子对接,通过评价结合能、结合模式及发生相互作用的氨基酸等指标进行虚拟筛选... 详细信息

目的:筛选紫萁贯众中具有良好抗流感病毒神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)活性的化合物。方法:将紫萁贯众已分离得到的23个化合物与18种流感病毒神经氨酸酶进行分子对接,通过评价结合能、结合模式及发生相互作用的氨基酸等指标进行虚拟筛选,得到候选化合物,并通过神经氨酸酶抑制剂实验验证候选化合物抑制NA的活性。结果:候选化合物异银杏双黄酮对NA抑制作用较强,IC50值为(42.54±2.85)μmol·L^-1。结论:紫萁贯众中化合物异银杏双黄酮具有较好的流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制作用,为紫萁贯众在抗流感病毒临床方面的应用提供了科学依据,也为紫萁贯众的深入研究奠定了基础。

关键词：紫萁贯众流感病毒分子对接神经氨酸酶

An Accurate Near-Field Distance Estimation Differential Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第5期31卷 851-859页

作者： ZHAO yan tao Haihong CHANG Xin National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian Univercity The 54th Research Institute China Electronics Technology Group Corporation School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University

The triangular geometry is the basis of near field array accurate distance estimation *** Fisher expression of traditional distance estimation is derived by utilizing the Taylor series. To improve convergence rate and estimation accuracy, a novel iterative distance estimation algorithm is proposed with differential equations based on the triangular geometry. Firstly, its convergence performance is analysed in detail. Secondly,the selection of the initial value and the number of iterations are respectively studied. Thirdly, compared with the traditional estimation algorithms by utilizing the Fisher approximation, the proposed algorithm has a higher convergence rate and estimation accuracy. Moreover, its pseudocode is presented. Finally, the experiment results and performance analysis are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： iterative methods iterative distance estimation convergence performance triangular geometry Fisher expression approximation theory convergence near-field distance estimation Fisher approximation Taylor series differential equations estimation theory

Generalized Christoffel Functions for Power Orthogonal Polynomials

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2014年第3期30卷 819-832页

作者： Xie tao yan LIANG Guangdong Country Garden School College of Mathematics and Computer Science Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing and Stochastic Information Processing(HPCSIP)(Ministry of Education of China)Hunan Normal University

In this paper we extend the Christoffel functions to the case of power orthogonal *** existence and uniqueness as well as some properties are given.

关键词： generalized Christoffel function existence uniqueness gaussian quadrature formula Christoffel number