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钼酸催化简便合成D-葡萄庚酮糖

应用化学 2009年第7期26卷 749-752页

作者：程杰方志杰焦岩姜宇华郑保辉南京理工大学化工学院南京210094

在三氧化钼水溶液体系中催化碳链重排合成了D-葡萄庚酮糖。首先以D-甘露糖为原料在碘催化下进行异丙叉保护,产率90%;接着在碱催化下与甲醛水溶液亲核加成反应,在C-2上引入羟甲基侧链,产率40%;然后在酸性条件下异丙叉脱保护,产率92%;最... 详细信息

在三氧化钼水溶液体系中催化碳链重排合成了D-葡萄庚酮糖。首先以D-甘露糖为原料在碘催化下进行异丙叉保护,产率90%;接着在碱催化下与甲醛水溶液亲核加成反应,在C-2上引入羟甲基侧链,产率40%;然后在酸性条件下异丙叉脱保护,产率92%;最后在三氧化钼水溶液催化下碳链重排合成葡萄庚酮糖,产率56%(总产率18%)。对2-C-羟甲基-D-甘露糖和葡萄庚酮糖的乙酰化产物进行了核磁氢谱表征。方法原料易得,缩短了反应步骤,避免了昂贵金属试剂的使用。

关键词：钼酸 D-葡萄庚酮糖碳链重排合成

制备2,2′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸的新方法

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应用化学 2007年第7期24卷 844-846页

作者：焦岩方志杰姜宇华郑保辉南京理工大学化工学院南京210094

以对甲苯胺为原料研究了2,2′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸的新合成路线。首先由对甲苯胺经三步反应制备了2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸,对工艺条件进行了优化,明显地减少了试剂的用量,三步收率达61.5%;2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸经重氮化反应、重氮盐偶联反应得... 详细信息

以对甲苯胺为原料研究了2,2′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸的新合成路线。首先由对甲苯胺经三步反应制备了2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸,对工艺条件进行了优化,明显地减少了试剂的用量,三步收率达61.5%;2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸经重氮化反应、重氮盐偶联反应得到4,4′-二甲基-2,2′-联苯二甲酸,NaOH和*** l的摩尔投料比为1∶1时偶联反应收率最高可达到88%;在弱碱性条件下以KMnO4氧化二甲基联苯二甲酸得到最终产物,以对甲苯胺计算总收率为43.3%。产物结构经1H NMR和IR测试技术确证。以羧酸芳烃重氮盐为反应物制备联苯四甲酸的工艺路线,反应条件温和,收率较高。

关键词：氨基甲基苯甲酸联苯四甲酸合成偶联重氮盐

Chromosome-scale assembly and evolution of the tetraploid Salvia splendens (Lamiaceae) genome

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2721-2735页

作者： Kai-hua Jia hui Liu Ren-Gang Zhang jie Xu Shan-Shan Zhou Si-Qian jiao Xue-Mei yan Xue-Chan Tian Tian-Le Shi Hang Luo zhi-Chao Li yu-Tao bao Shuai Nie Jing-fang Guo Ilga Porth Yousry AEl-Kassaby Xiao-Ru Wang Charles Chen Yves Van de Peer Wei Zhao Jian-Feng Mao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design National Engineering Laboratory for Tree BreedingKey Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental PlantsMinistry of EducationCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Ori(Shandong)Gene Science and Technology Co. LtdWeifang 261000 ShandongChina Department des Sciences du Bois et de la Foret Facultede Foresteriede Geographie et GeomatiqueUniversite LavalQuebec CityQC G1V 0A6Canada Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Department of Ecology and Environmental Science UmeåPlant Science CentreUmeåUniversitySE-90187 UmeåSweden Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 246 Noble Research CenterOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology 9052 GhentBelgium Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics Department of BiochemistryGenetics and Microbiology GeneticsUniversity of PretoriaPrivate Bag X20Pretoria 0028South Africa College of Horticulture Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Polyploidization plays a key role in plant evolution,but the forces driving the fate of homoeologs in polyploid genomes,i.e.,paralogs resulting from a whole-genome duplication(WGD)event,remain to be ***,we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of tetraploid scarlet sage(Salvia splendens),one of the most diverse ornamental *** found evidence for three WGD events following an older WGD event shared by most eudicots(theγevent).A comprehensive,spatiotemporal,genome-wide analysis of homoeologs from the most recent WGD unveiled expression asymmetries,which could be associated with genomic rearrangements,transposable element proximity discrepancies,coding sequence variation,selection pressure,and transcription factor binding site *** observed differences between homoeologs may reflect the first step toward sub-and/or *** assembly provides a powerful tool for understanding WGD and gene and genome evolution and is useful in developing functional genomics and genetic engineering strategies for scarlet sage and other Lamiaceae species.

关键词： species evolution assembly

Frontiers in high entropy alloys and high entropy functional materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 4639-4776页

作者： Wen-Tao Zhang Xue-Qian Wang Feng-Qi Zhang Xiao-Ya Cui Bing-Bing Fan Jia-Ming Guo zhi-Min Guo Rui huang Wen huang Xu-Bo Li Meng-Ru Li yan Ma zhi-hua Shen Yong-Gang Sun De-Zhuang Wang Fei-yang Wang Li-Qiang Wang Nan Wang Tian-Li Wang Wei Wang Xiao-yang Wang Yi-Han Wang Fu-jie yu yu-Zhen Yin Ling-Kun Zhang Yi Zhang Jian-yang Zhang Qi Zhao yu-Ping Zhao Xin-Dong Zhu Yasir Sohail Ya-Nan Chen Tao Feng Qi-Long Gao Hai-yan He Yong-jiang huang Zeng-bao jiao hua Ji Yao jiang Qiang Li Xiao-Ming Li Wei-Bing Liao huai-Jun Lin hui Liu Qi Liu Qing-Feng Liu Wei-Di Liu Xiong-Jun Liu yang Lu Yi-Ping Lu Wen Ma Xue-Fei Miao jie Pan Qing Wang Hong-hui Wu yuan Wu Tao yang Wei-Ming yang Qian yu Jin-yu Zhang zhi-Gang Chen Liang Mao yang Ren bao-Long Shen Xun-Li Wang Zhe Jia He Zhu Zhen-Duo Wu Si Lan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHongKong 999077China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute for Advanced ManufacturingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 100872China Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistance and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Physical Sciences Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Research Institute for Carbon NeutralityUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Computing Macquarie UniversitySydney 2113Australia Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key Laborato

Owing to their exceptional properties,high-entropy alloys(HEAs)and high-entropy materials have emerged as promising research areas and shown diverse ***,the recent advances in the field are comprehensively reviewed,organized into five *** first section introduces the background of HEAs,covering their definition,significance,application prospects,basic properties,design principles,and *** subsequent section focuses on cutting-edge high-entropy structural materials,highlighting developments such as nanostructured alloys,grain boundary engineering,eutectic systems,cryogenic alloys,thin films,micro-nano-lattice structures,additive manufacturing,high entropy metallic glasses,nano-precipitate strengthened alloys,composition modulation,alloy fibers,and refractory *** the following section,the emphasis shifts to functional materials,exploring HEAs as catalysts,magneto-caloric materials,corrosion-resistant alloys,radiation-resistant alloys,hydrogen storage systems,and materials for ***,the review encompasses functional high-entropy materials outside the realm of alloys,including thermoelectric,quantum dots,nanooxide catalysts,energy storage materials,negative thermal expansion ceramics,and high-entropy wave absorption *** paper concludes with an outlook,discussing future directions and potential growth areas in the *** this comprehensive review,researchers,engineers,and scientists may gain valuable insights into the recent progress and opportunities for further exploration in the exciting domains of high-entropy alloys and functional materials.

关键词： High entropy alloys Cutting-edge structural materials Cutting-edgefunctional materials

Prediction of energy resolution in the JUNO experiment

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 35-59页

作者： Angel Abusleme Thomas Adam Kai Adamowicz Shakeel Ahmad Rizwan Ahmed Sebastiano Aiello Fengpeng An Qi An Giuseppe Andronico Nikolay Anfimov Vito Antonelli Tatiana Antoshkina Joao Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André Didier Auguste Weidong Bai Nikita Balashov Wander Baldini Andrea Barresi Davide Basilico Eric Baussan Marco Bellato Marco Beretta Antonio Bergnoli Daniel Bick Lukas Bieger Svetlana Biktemerova Thilo Birkenfeld Iwan Blake David Blum Simon Blyth Anastasia Bolshakova Mathieu Bongrand Clément Bordereau Dominique Breton Augusto Brigatti Riccardo Brugnera Riccardo Bruno Antonio Budano Jose Busto Anatael Cabrera Barbara Caccianiga Hao Cai Xiao Cai yanke Cai zhiyan Cai Stéphane Callier Steven Calvez Antonio Cammi Agustin Campeny Chuanya Cao Guofu Cao Jun Cao Rossella Caruso Cédric Cerna Vanessa Cerrone Jinfan Chang yun Chang Auttakit Chatrabhuti Chao Chen Guoming Chen Pingping Chen Shaomin Chen Xin Chen Yiming Chen Yixue Chen yu Chen Zelin Chen Zhangming Chen zhiyuan Chen Zikang Chen jie cheng Yaping cheng yuChin cheng Alexander Chepurnov Alexey Chetverikov Davide Chiesa Pietro Chimenti Yen-Ting Chin Po-Lin Chou Ziliang Chu Artem Chukanov Gérard Claverie Catia Clementi Barbara Clerbaux Marta Colomer Molla Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo Alberto Coppi Daniele Corti Simon Csakli Chenyang Cui Flavio Dal Corso Olivia Dalager Jaydeep Datta Christophe De La Taille zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Xiaoyu Ding Xuefeng Ding Yayun Ding Bayu Dirgantara Carsten Dittrich Sergey Dmitrievsky Tadeas Dohnal Dmitry Dolzhikov Georgy Donchenko Jianmeng Dong Evgeny Doroshkevich Wei Dou Marcos Dracos Frédéric Druillole Ran Du Shuxian Du Katherine Dugas Stefano Dusini Hongyue Duyang Jessica Eck Timo Enqvist Andrea Fabbri Ulrike Fahrendholz Lei Fan Jian fang Wenxing fang Dmitry Fedoseev Li-cheng Feng Qichun Feng Federico Ferraro Amélie Fournier Fritsch Fritsch Haonan Gan Feng Gao Feng Gao Alberto Garfagnini Arsenii Gavrikov Marco Giammarchi Nunzio Giudice Maxim Gonchar Guanghua Gong hui Gong yuri Gornushkin Marco Grassi Maxim Gromov Vasily Gromov Minghao G Yerevan Physics Institute YerevanArmenia Université Libre de Bruxelles BrusselsBelgium Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaBrazil Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Millennium Institute for SubAtomic Physics at the High-energy Frontier(SAPHIR) ANIDChile Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile SantiagoChile Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Beijing Normal University BeijingChina China Institute of Atomic Energy BeijingChina Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina North China Electric Power University BeijingChina School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua University BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Jilin University ChangchunChina College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Chongqing University ChongqingChina Dongguan University of Technology DongguanChina Jinan University GuangzhouChina Sun Yat-sen University GuangzhouChina Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinChina University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Group in University of South China HengyangChina Wuyi University JiangmenChina Shandong University JinanChinaand Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina Nanjing University NanjingChina Guangxi University NanningChina East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiChina School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuangChina Nankai University TianjinChina Wuhan University WuhanChina Xi'an jiaotong University Xi'anChina Xiamen University XiamenChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Institute of Physics National

This paper presents an energy resolution study of the JUNO experiment,incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction *** determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 *** achieve this ambitious goal,significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO *** factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution,extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons,such as the properties of the liquid scintillator,performance of photomultiplier tubes,and the energy reconstruction *** account for these effects,a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is *** enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy *** results of this study reveal an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 ***,this study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution *** analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data ***,it provides a guideline for comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors.

关键词： energy resolution liquid scintillator detector JUNO simulation reconstruction

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2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸合成工艺的改进

江苏化工 2007年第1期26卷 39-41,55页

作者：郑保辉方志杰焦岩姜宇华南京理工大学化工学院江苏南京210094

对甲苯胺与水合氯醛、盐酸羟胺反应制得异亚硝基乙酰对甲苯胺,于浓硫酸中脱水成环得到5-甲基靛红,然后在碱性条件下以双氧水为氧化介质合成2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸。通过正交实验得到了一、二步反应的较佳工艺条件,三步反应总收率以对甲苯... 详细信息

对甲苯胺与水合氯醛、盐酸羟胺反应制得异亚硝基乙酰对甲苯胺,于浓硫酸中脱水成环得到5-甲基靛红,然后在碱性条件下以双氧水为氧化介质合成2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸。通过正交实验得到了一、二步反应的较佳工艺条件,三步反应总收率以对甲苯胺计算达61.7%。通过FTIR和1HNMR对最终产品进行了表征。

关键词： 2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸合成工艺改进

Efficacy and safety of Shenyankangfu Tablet,a Chinese patent medicine,for primary glomerulonephritis:A multicenter randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第2期19卷 111-119页

作者： jie Wu Shu-wei Duan Hong-tao yang yue-yi Deng Wei Li Ya-ni He Zhao-hui Ni Yong-li Zhan Shan Lin zhi-yong Guo Jun Zhu Jing-ai fang Xu-sheng Liu Li-hua Wang Rong Wang Nian-song Wang Xiao-hong cheng Li-qun He Ping Luo Shi-ren Sun Ji-feng Sun Ai-ping Yin Geng-ru jiang Hong-yu Chen Wen-hu Liu Hong-li Lin Meng Liang Lu Ma Ming Chen Li-qun Song Jian Chen Qing Zhu Chang-ying Xing yun Li Ji-ning Gao Rong-shan Li Ying Li Hao Zhang Ying Lu Qiao-ling Zhou Jun-zhou Fu Qiang He Guang-yan Cai Xiang-mei Chen Department of Nephrology Chinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalChinese People’s Liberation Army Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases(2011DAV00088)National Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing 100853China Department of Nephrology First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300192China Department of Nephrology Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China Department of Nephrology Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated HospitalJinan 250011.Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China Department of Nephrology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Nephrology Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China Department of Nephrology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China Department of Nephrology Changhai Hospital of ShanghaiNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Nephrology West China HospitalChengdu 610083Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated HospitalTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233China Department of Nephrology Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalXi'an 710003Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200021China Department of Nephrology Jilin University Se

Background:Shenyankangfu Tablet(SYKFT)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney ***:This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT,for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients,against the standard drug,losartan ***,setting,participants and intervention:This was a multicenter,double-blind,randomized,controlled clinical *** glomerulonephritis patients,aged 18-70 years,with blood pressure≤140/90 mmHg,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)>45 mL/min per 1.73 ㎡,and 24-hour proteinuria level of 0.5-3.0 g,were recruited in 41 hospitals across 19 provinces in China and were randomly divided into five groups:SYKFT,losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg,SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 *** outcome measu res:The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level,after 48 weeks of ***:A total of 735 participants were *** percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78%±2.56%(P=0.006)more than that in the losartan 50 mg group,which was 0.51%±2.54%(P=1.000)less than that in the losartan 100 mg *** with the losartan potassium 50 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39%±2.49%(P<0.001)greater reduction in urine protein *** with the losartan potassium 100 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77%±2.52%(P=0.001)greater reduction in urine *** a superiority threshold of 15%,neither was statistically ***,serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically *** average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT(-3.00[-6.00,-2.00])and who did not take SYKFT(-2.00[-5.00,0])was statistically significant(P=0.003).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any ***:SYKFT decreased the proteinur

关键词： Herbal medicine,Chinese Shenyankangfu Tablet Primary glomerulonephritis Randomized controlled trial Double blind Double dummy

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第12期126卷 2276-2280页

作者： zheng Ying CAI Guang-yan CHEN Xiang-mei FU Ping CHEN jiang-hua DING Xiao-qiang yu Xue-qing LIN Hong-li LIU Jian XIE Ru-juan WANG Li-ning NI Zhao-hui LIU Fu-you YIN Ai-ping XING Chang-ying WANG Li SHI Wei LIU Jian-she HE Ya-ni DING Guo-hua LI Wen-ge WU Guang-li MIAO Li-ning CHEN Nan SU Zhen MEI Chang-lin ZHAO Jiu-yang GU Yong BAI yun-kai LUO hui-min LIN Shan CHEN Meng-hua GONG Li yanG Yi-bin yanG Xiao-ping LI Ying WAN Jian-xin WANG Nian-song LI Hai-ying XI Chun-sheng HAO Li XU yan fang Jing-ai LIU Bi-cheng LI Rong-shan WANG Rong ZHANG Jing-hong WANG Jian-qin LOU Tan-qi SHAO Feng-min MEI Feng LIU zhi-hong yuAN Wei-jie SUN Shi-ren ZHANG Ling ZHOU Chun-hua CHEN Qin-kai JIA Shun-lian GONG zhi-feng GUAN Guang-ju XIA Tian ZHONG Liang-bao Department of Nephrology State key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Chinese People's Liberation Army Key Laboratory of Nephrology Beijing 100853 China Department of Nephrology West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310003 China Department of Nephrology Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Department of Nephrology First Affiiated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116011 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830054 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China Department of Nephrology First Afftiated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001 China Department of Nephrology Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China Department of Nephrology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410000 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital) Nanjing Jiangsu 210029 China Department of Nephrology Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Chengdu Sichuan 610072 China Department of Nephrology Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou Guangdong 510030 China Department of Nephrology Affliated Xiehe Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong Science and Technology University Wuhan Hubei 430022 China Department of Nephrology Daping Hospital Third Military Medi

Background Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients are *** aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis CKD patients through a nationwide,multicenter study in *** The survey was performed in 61 tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions in China （except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan）.Trained physicians collected demographic and clinical data and measured blood pressure （BP） using a standardized *** was defned as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg,and/or use of antihypertensive *** 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg were used as the 2 thresholds of hypertension *** multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for sex and age,we analyzed the association between CKD stages and uncontrolled hypertension in non-dialysis CKD *** The analysis included 8927 non-dialysis CKD *** prevalence,awareness,and treatment of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients were 67.3%,85.8%,and 81.0%,*** hypertensive CKD patients,33.1% and 14.1% had controlled BP to 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg,*** successive CKD stages,the prevalence of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients increased,but the control of hypertension decreased （P〈0.001）.When the threshold of BP 〈130/80 mmHg was considered,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension in CKD 2,3a,3b,4,and 5 stages increased 1.3,1.4,1.4,2.5,and 4.0 times compared with CKD 1 stage,respectively （P〈0.05）.Using the threshold of 〈140/90 mmHg,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased in advanced stages （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension Chinese non-dialysis CKD patients was high,and the hypertension control was *** successive CKD stages,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased.

关键词： non-dialysis chronic kidney disease chronic kidney disease stages hypertension epidemiology

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Consensus from Surgical Specialists of China

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Journal of huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2014年第4期34卷 469-475页

作者： Jian-qiang Cai Shou-wang Cai Wen-ming Cong Min-shan Chen Ping Chen Xiao-ping Chen yan-ling Chen Yi-fa Chen Chao-liu Dai Qiang huang zhi-yong huang Bo jiang Bin jiang Ke-wei jiang Bo Li Zong-fangLi Li-jian Liang Bin Liu hui-chun Liu Lian-xin Liu Qing-guang Liu Rong Liu Ying-bin Liu Jian-guo Lu Shi-chun Lu Yi Lu Yi-lei Mao Bin Mei Jun Niu bao-gang Peng Xiao Qin yu-dong Qiu Guang-yi Wang Yao-don Wangg zhi-ming Wang Ren-hua Wan Ya-fu Wu bao-cai Xing Feng Xia Ge-liang Xu Jia-mei yang Xiao-fang yu Yong Zeng Yong-yi Zeng Bi-xiang Zhang Bin-hao Zhang Qi-yu Zhang Shui-jun Zhang Wan-guang Zhang Yong-jie Zhang zhi-wei Zhang Dong Zhou Wei-ping Zhou Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chinese PLA General Hospital Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Second Military Medical University Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Daping Hospital of Third Military Medical University Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Anhui Provincial Hospital Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Peking University People’s Hospital West China Hospital Sichuan University The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an jiao Tong University The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an jiao Tong University Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai jiao Tong University School of Medicine Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University Peking Union Medical College Hospital Qilu Hospital of Shandong University The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University Fujian Provincial Hospital Xiangya Hospital of Central South University The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Beijing Cancer Hospital Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University Shenzhen People’s Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of zhengzhou University Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital

Cholangiocarcinoma refers to malignant tumors that develop in epithelial lining of biliary system, and it is divided into two categories according to tumor location, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ECC）. ICC occurs from the epithelial cells of the intrahepatic bile duct, its branches and interlobular biliary tree; and ECC is divided into hilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma by the circumscription at the confluence of cystic duct and the common hepatic duct.

关键词： A Consensus from Surgical Specialists of China Diagnosis and Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma