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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2010年第2期4卷 85-99页

作者： yahia h.zoubir EUROMED MANAGEMENT France

Western Sahara conflicts have yet to be definitively *** now belongs to the category of“forgotten”or“frozen”*** conflict itself is not the only issue to have been *** politics have overridden questions of international legality despite the unlawful occupation of the territory and the legitimacy of Sahrawi *** should have been a straightforward case of decolonization in the Western Sahara has become a conspicuous failure of the UN;mainly due to the disinclination of its most powerful members in the Security Council,chiefly the United States and France.

关键词： Western Sahara Conflict Sahrawi Morocco

Dependence of thermodynamic quantities at freeze-out on pseudorapidity and collision energy in p-p collisions at LhC energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 235-246页

作者： Murad Badshah yahia A.h.Obaidat haifa I.Alrebdi M.Waqas Muhammad Ajaz Refka Ghodhbani Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Physics College of ScienceUniversity of BishaBisha 61922Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia School of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafhaSaudi Arabia

The transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies(√s)of 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV,as measured by the CMS detector at the Large hadron Collider(LhC),have been analyzed within various pseudorapidity classes utilizing the thermodynamically consistent Tsallis *** fitting procedure resulted in the key parameters,namely,effective temperature(T),non-extensivity parameter(q),and kinetic freezeout volume(V).Additionally,the mean transverse momentum()and initial temperature(T_(i))of the particle source are determined through the fit function and string percolation method,*** alternative method is employed to calculate the kinetic freezeout temperature(T_(0))and transverse flow velocity(β_(T))from ***,thermodynamic quantities at the freezeout,including energy density(ε),particle density(n),entropy density(s),pressure(P),and squared speed of sound(C_(s)^(2)),are computed using the extracted T and *** is also observed that,with a decrease in pseudorapidity,all thermodynamic quantities except V and q *** trend is attributed to greater energy transfer along the mid pseudorapidity.q increases towards higher values of pseudorapidity,indicating that particles close to the beam axis are far from ***,V remains nearly independent of *** excitation function of these parameters(q)shows a direct(inverse)correlation with collision *** ε,n,s,and P show a strong dependence on collision energies at low *** verification of the thermodynamic inequality ε≥3P suggests the formation of a highly dense droplet-like Quark-Gluon Plasma(QGP).Additionally,the inequality T_(i)>T>T_(0)is explicitly confirmed,aligning with the evolution of the produced fireball.

关键词： charged hadrons tsallis statistics effective temperature non-extensivity parameter pseudorapidity kinetic freeze-out stage multiple freeze-out scenario QGP QCD matter squared speed of sound

From hard Military Bases to Soft Military Presence: US Military Deployment in Iraq Reassessed

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2012年第3期6卷 85-106,I0004页

作者： SUN Degang yahia zoubir Middle East Studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University EUROMED MANAGEMENT MarseilleFrance

By the end of 2011,the US had closed all hard military bases in Iraq,but its“soft”military presence remained using private security contractors,military and intelligent officers located in the US embassy and in US consulates,US military training officers and consultants,and deployed special operation *** soft military presence is of great importance and *** the national level,it helps Washington to stabilize and control the Iraqi situation;at the regional level,it can secure a strategic balance between Shi’a and Sunni sectors,which is essential for the US to respond to a rising nuclear Iran;at the global level,this soft military presence helps to cut US military expenditure and shift its strategic focus from the Greater Middle East to the Asia-Pacific *** soft military presence in Iraq reflects Obama’s“New Thinking”Doctrine on military deployment in the Middle East,which resembles lily-pads with stronger mobilization and flexibility.

关键词： US-Iraq Relations Gulf Security Studies Overseas Military Bases Soft Military Presence US Middle East Strategy

Edge influence on herbaceous plant species,diversity and soil properties in sparse oak forest fragments in Iran

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第2期15卷 413-424页

作者： Gelareh Valadi Javad Eshaghi Rad yahia Khodakarami Mostafa Nemati Peykani Karen A.harper Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversitySero BlvdP.O.Box 165UrmiaIran Forests and Rangelands Research Department Agricultural ResearchEducation and Extension Organization(AREEO)Keshavarz BlvdP.O.Box1661-67145 KermanshahIran Biology Department Saint Mary’s University923 Robie streetB3H3c3 HalifaxNSCanada

Forest edges have been well studied in temperate and tropical forests,but less so in open canopy *** investigated edge influence on plant species diversity and soil properties in sparse oak forest *** were collected along three transects from the edge to the interior of three small(under 10 ha)and three large(over 10 ha)oak forest fragments in Kermanshah Province,*** measured herbaceous plants(height)and soil attributes at 0(forest edge),25,50,100 and 150 *** quantified species diversity using the Shannon index,used rarefaction to compare species richness between two different sizes of fragments and applied non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination to investigate the variation in species *** estimated the distance of edge influence using randomization *** linear mixed models with post-hoc Tukey’s hSD tests were used to assess the effects of distance from edge and fragment size on diversity and soil *** found greater species richness,diversity and evenness at the edge of both small and large fragments and lower nitrogen and organic carbon at the edge compared to the interior of large fragments,with most changes within 50 m of the *** composition,organic carbon and total nitrogen were significantly different between small and large *** findings of significant edge influence on herbaceous plants and soil properties in these sparse forests provide a significant contribution to the literature on edges,especially in relation to herbaceous plants.

关键词： edge influence Zagros forest large fragments Quercus brantii small fragments

Data generative machine learning model for the assessment of outdoor thermal and wind comfort in a northern urban environment

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第3期12卷 541-555页

作者： Nasim Eslamirad Francesco De Luca Kimmo Sakari Lylykangas Sadok Ben yahia FinEst Centre for Smart Cities Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn 10319Estonia Department of Civil Engineering andArchitecture TallinnUniversity ofTechnologyTallinn 10319Estonia Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn 10319Estonia

Predicting comfort levels in cities is challenging due to the many metric *** overcome these challenges,much research is being done in the computing community to develop methods capable of generating outdoor comfort *** Learning(ML)provides many opportunities to discover patterns in large datasets such as urban *** paper proposes a data-driven approach to build a predictive and data-generative model to assess outdoor thermal *** model benefits from the results of a study,which analyses Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)urban simulation to determine the thermal and wind comfort in Tallinn,*** ML model was built based on classification,and it uses an opaque ML *** results were evaluated by applying different metrics and show us that the approach allows the implementation of a data-generative ML model to generate reliable data on outdoor comfort that can be used by urban stakeholders,planners,and researchers.

关键词： Urban climate Outdoor thermal and wind comfort Predictive model Data generative model Machine learning approach

The United States and Algeria: A New Strategic Partnership?

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2011年第4期5卷 1-27页

作者： yahia zoubir EUROMED MANAGEMENT Marseille School of ManagementFrance

In contrast to the United States’relations with neighboring Morocco and Tunisia,those with Algeria are quite *** US-Algerian relations have never reached the level of hostility that characterized US dealings with Libya until 2003,they have been antagonistic from Algerian independence in 1962 until the past *** of the guarded differences in the views of the United States and Algeria are explained by the determinants of Algerian foreign policy,which is shaped by the regional geopolitical context;the country‘s historical experience,mainly the national liberation war(1954-1962);ideological imperatives;and the economic choices imposed by postcolonial *** is also the fact that Algeria continues to oppose what it perceives as the United States’global hegemonic aims.

关键词： US North African Policy Algeria Maghreb African Studies Big Powers and North Africa

Implementation of high Performance Electronic Circuits for Zero Suppression and Encoding of Digital Signals

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2015年第3期6卷 238-243页

作者： Ashraf h. yahia Amr Radi Salwa M. Youssef Physics Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City Egypt

This paper presents a design of a data processing circuit for receiving digital signals from front end-electronic board chips of a specific nuclear detector, encoding and triggering them via specific optical links operating at a specific frequency. Such processed signals are then fed to a data acquisition system (DAQ) for analysis. Very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VhDL) algorithms and codes were created to implement this design using field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices. The obtained data were simulated using international standard simulators.

关键词： DAQ FPGA VhDL ASICs ISE ISim

Sentry Box in the Backyard: Analysis of French Military Bases in Africa

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2011年第3期5卷 82-104页

作者： SUN Degang yahia zoubir Middle East Studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University EUROMED MANAGEMENT MarseilleFrance

Foreign military bases are the important means for power *** Africa,military bases represent the symbol of France’s sphere of influence,which have strengthened France’s protection of her economic,political,cultural,overseas national and security *** bases are of great significance to enhance French intervention capabilities,making France the most influential external power in the African *** the upheavals in the Middle East and North Africa in 2011,France will likely want to return to North Africa militarily and seek to restore a military presence in the region within a multilateral framework,with the objective of linking her domestic Toulon naval base with her military presence in North Africa,Gabon,the Ivory Coast,Djibouti,and Abu Dhabi,thus making France a dominant player in the“Arc of Instability”which extends from West Africa to the Persian Gulf.

关键词： Foreign Military Bases France and Africa Overseas Interest Military Presence International Military history

“Development First”:China’s Investment in Seaport Constructions and Operations along the Maritime Silk Road

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2017年第3期11卷 35-47页

作者： SUN Degang yahia zoubir Middle East Studies Institute Shanghai International Studies UniversityChina KEDGE Business School France

Seaports are crucial pivots connecting a state’s national economy with the world *** the largest developing country and one of the largest seaport constructors and operators in the world,China insists on the importance of improving people’s livelihood by building key seaports infrastructure,airports,power plants,highways,and *** by the host countries,China has participated broadly in the construction and operations of commercial seaports along the Maritime Silk Road,which stretches from Southwest Asia to Eastern Africa and to the Mediterranean Sea and the *** in Beijing argue that the fundamental task facing the majority of developing countries along the Maritime Silk Road is development,and suggest that“bread is more important than the ballot box”.One can anticipate that when the project is executed,the threats to China’s seaport construction will range from financial burdens,ethnic conflicts,attacks carried out by extremists,and cultural misunderstandings with the host nations to great power rivalries.

关键词： Seaport Construction “Belt and Road”Initiative China and the Middle East Maritime Silk Road Marine Infrastructure