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Preparation of baicalin colon-targeted granules and its intervention effect on ulcerative colitis in rats

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 13-21页

作者： Yongqing Huang Yuxin Zhou yao Shen jin Wang Liangliang Zhou Zhenhua Chen Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation School of PharmacyJiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013China

Baicalin(BA)is a flavonoid extracted from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological activities.In this study,Eudragit S100 was used as the colonic target material to prepare BA colonic targeting granules(EBCGs)based on plasticizer dry powder coating technology to improve the targeting transportation performance of BA.In vitro studies showed that EBCGs with pH-sensitive properties were successfully prepared by plasticizer dry powder coating,and in vivo animal imaging studies showed that EBCGs could deliver BA to the colon and inhibit the release of BA in the upper gastrointestinal tract(GIT).In vivo studies showed that EBCGs had good therapeutic effects in colitis,which reduced expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and increased superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities in the colonic tissues of rats with colitis.In conclusion,Eudragit S100 could be used for the preparation of multi-unit oral colon-targeted formulations by plasticizer dry powder coating technology,and our prepared EBCGs had good colon-targeting properties,which could improve the therapeutic effect and provide a potential application for ulcerative colitis(UC).

关键词： Plasticizer dry powder coating Colon-targeted granulesIn vivo imaging Ulcerative colitis

Dielectric metasurface evolution from bulk to monolayer by strong coupling of quasi-BICs for second harmonic boosting

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 784-792页

作者： YINONG XIE QIANTING CHEN jin yao XUEYING LIU ZHAOGANG DONG jinFENG ZHU Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore

2D materials are promising candidates as nonlinear optical components for on-chip devices due to their ultrathin structure. In general, their nonlinear optical responses are inherently weak due to the short interaction thickness with light. Recently, there has been great interest in using quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BICs) of dielectric metasurfaces, which are able to achieve remarkable optical near-field enhancement for elevating the second harmonic generation (SHG) emission from 2D materials. However, most studies focus on the design of combining bulk dielectric metasurfaces with unpatterned 2D materials, which suffer considerable radiation loss and limit near-field enhancement by high-quality q-BIC resonances. Here, we investigate the dielectric metasurface evolution from bulk silicon to monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and discover the critical role of meta-atom thickness design on enhancing near-field effects of two q-BIC modes. We further introduce the strongcoupling of the two q-BIC modes by oblique incidence manipulation, and enhance the localized optical field on monolayer MoS2dramatically. In the ultraviolet and visible regions, the MoS2SHG enhancement factor of our design is 105times higher than that of conventional bulk metasurfaces, leading to an extremely high nonlinear conversion efficiency of 5.8%. Our research will provide an important theoretical guide for the design of high-performance nonlinear devices based on 2D materials.

关键词： monolayer harmonic quasi

Targeting the Warburg effect:A revisited perspective from molecular mechanisms to traditional and innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 953-1008页

作者： Minru Liao Dahong yao Lifeng Wu Chaodan Luo Zhiwen Wang jin Zhang Bo Liu Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China School of Pharmacy Shenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Psychology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA

Cancer reprogramming is an important facilitator of cancer development and survival,with tumor cells exhibiting a preference for aerobic glycolysis beyond oxidative phosphorylation,even under sufficient oxygen supply condition.This metabolic alteration,known as the Warburg effect,serves as a significant indicator of malignant tumor transformation.The Warburg effect primarily impacts cancer occurrence by influencing the aerobic glycolysis pathway in cancer cells.Key enzymes involved in this process include glucose transporters(GLUTs),HKs,PFKs,LDHs,and PKM2.Moreover,the expression of transcriptional regulatory factors and proteins,such as FOXM1,p53,NF-κB,HIF1a,and c-Myc,can also influence cancer progression.Furthermore,lncRNAs,miRNAs,and circular RNAs play a vital role in directly regulating the Warburg effect.Additionally,gene mutations,tumor microenvironment remodeling,and immune system interactions are closely associated with the Warburg effect.Notably,the development of drugs targeting the Warburg effect has exhibited promising potential in tumor treatment.This comprehensive review presents novel directions and approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients by conducting in-depth research and summarizing the bright prospects of targeting the Warburg effect in cancer.

关键词： Warburg effect Cancer Regulatory factor LncRNAs miRNAs Traditional Chinese medicine Small-molecule drug Drug resistance

Gradient-based algorithms for multi-objective bi-level optimization

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1419-1438页

作者： Xinmin Yang Wei yao Haian Yin Shangzhi Zeng jin Zhang National Center for Applied Mathematics in Chongqing Chongqing401331China School of Mathematical Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China Department of Mathematics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen Shenzhen518000China Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8W 2Y2Canada

Multi-objective bi-level optimization(MOBLO)addresses nested multi-objective optimization problems common in a range of applications.However,its multi-objective and hierarchical bi-level nature makes it notably complex.Gradient-based MOBLO algorithms have recently grown in popularity,as they effectively solve crucial machine learning problems like meta-learning,neural architecture search,and reinforcement learning.Unfortunately,these algorithms depend on solving a sequence of approximation subproblems with high accuracy,resulting in adverse time and memory complexity that lowers their numerical efficiency.To address this issue,we propose a gradient-based algorithm for MOBLO,called gMOBA,which has fewer hyperparameters to tune,making it both simple and efficient.Additionally,we demonstrate the theoretical validity by accomplishing the desirable Pareto stationarity.Numerical experiments confirm the practical efficiency of the proposed method and verify the theoretical results.To accelerate the convergence of gMOBA,we introduce a beneficial L2O(learning to optimize)neural network(called L2O-gMOBA)implemented as the initialization phase of our gMOBA algorithm.Comparative results of numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the performance of L2O-gMOBA.

关键词： multi-objective bi-level optimization convergence analysis Pareto stationary learning to optimize

Evaluation of G3BP1 in the prognosis of acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure after the treatment of artificial liver support system

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 251-263页

作者： Wen-Yuan Li Lu-Wen Wang jin Dong yao Wang Department of Anesthesiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The increased expression of G3BP1 was positively correlated with the prognosis of liver failure.AIM To investigate the effect of G3BP1 on the prognosis of acute liver failure(ALF)and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)after the treatment of artificial liver support system(ALSS).METHODS A total of 244 patients with ALF and ACLF were enrolled in this study.The levels of G3BP1 on admission and at discharge were detected.The validation set of 514 patients was collected to verify the predicted effect of G3BP1 and the viability of prognosis.RESULTS This study was shown that lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and prothrombin time were closely related to the prognosis of patients.After the ALSS treatment,the patient’amount of decreased G3BP1 index in difference of G3BP1 between the value of discharge and admission(difG3BP1)<0 group had a nearly 10-fold increased risk of progression compared with the amount of increased G3BP1 index.The subgroup analysis showed that the difG3BP1<0 group had a higher risk of progression,regardless of model for end-stage liver disease high-risk or low-risk group.At the same time,compared with the inflam matory marks[tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-18],G3BP1 had higher discrimination and was more stable in the model analysis and validation set.When combined with AFP and LDH,concordance index was respectively 0.84 and 0.8 in training and validation cohorts.CONCLUSION This study indicated that G3BP1 could predict the prognosis of ALF or ACLF patients treated with ALSS.The combination of G3BP1,AFP and LDH could accurately evaluate the disease condition and predict the clinical endpoint of patients.

关键词： G3BP1 Prognosis Acute liver failure Acute-on-chronic liver failure Artificial liver support system

Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 27-41页

作者： Xinyue Yang Pingping Zeng jin Wen Chuanlin Wang Liangyuan yao Min He Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Co. Ltd.Zhuzhou 412000China

Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)possess a rich historical background,unique theoretical framework,remarkable therapeutic efficacy,and abundant resources.However,the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms.To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs,there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques.Currently,two-dimensional(2D)chromatography,which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms,demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional(1D)separation system when analyzing TCMs samples.Over the past decade,new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples.This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs,encompassing 2D-gas chromatography(GC),2D-liquid chromatography(LC),as well as emerging three-dimensional(3D)-GC,3D-LC,and their associated data-processing approaches.These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis.Nevertheless,the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools.Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field,further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.

关键词： chemometrics multidimensional separation off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography quality control traditional chinese medicines two-dimensional gas chromatography

Current optimization-based control of dual three-phase PMSM for low-frequency temperature swing reduction

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 238-246页

作者： Linlin Lu Xueqing Wang Luhan jin Qiong Liu Yun Zhang yao Mao Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

In this paper,a control scheme based on current optimization is proposed for dual three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor(DTP-PMSM)drive to reduce the low-frequency temperature swing.The reduction of temperature swing can be equivalent to reducing maximum instantaneous phase copper loss in this paper.First,a two-level optimization aiming at minimizing maximum instantaneous phase copper loss at each electrical angle is proposed.Then,the optimization is transformed to a singlelevel optimization by introducing the auxiliary variable for easy solving.Considering that singleobjective optimization trades a great total copper loss for a small reduction of maximum phase copper loss,the optimization considering both instantaneous total copper loss and maximum phase copper loss is proposed,which has the same performance of temperature swing reduction but with lower total loss.In this way,the proposed control scheme can reduce maximum junction temperature by 11%.Both simulation and experimental results are presented to prove the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control scheme for low-frequency temperature swing reduction.

关键词： Dual three-phase PMSM Low-frequency temperature swing Copper loss Current optimization Connected neutral points

Structural Control of the Getang Carlin-Type Gold Deposit in Southwest China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 536-552页

作者： Guoping Zeng Xinlu Hu Diwei Luo Jianzhong Liu Shuzhen yao Yongjie jin Wuhan Center China Geological SurveyWuhan430205China Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences Wuhan430205China Faculty of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Geological Party 105 Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration&DevelopmentGuiyang550018China

The Getang is a representative Carlin-type gold deposit in Southwest China.It has a proven reserve of about 30 tonnes at an average grade of 5.1 g/t Au.The orebodies occur as strat-abound lenses,and are structurally controlled by shallow NWW-and NE-trending fold-fault systems and the unconformity between the Upper and Middle Permian.In this study,the regional-and deposit-scale structural investigations,joints and finite strain measurements,and stress and dynamic analysis were conducted with an aim to reveal the structural process of the Getang gold deposit and clarify the relationship between the gold mineralization and structures.Three phases of deformation were identified in the deposit:(1)paleokarst was generated by a crustal uplift when the Youjiang Basin experienced extension at the end of the Middle Permian,laying the foundation for the unconformity;(2)the NW-trending structures were formed under a NNE-SSW compression during the Indochina-South China collision(Indosinian orogeny)in Triassic;(3)the NE-trending structures were generated or reactivated under a NW-SE-oriented compression during the Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny.The unconformity recorded two episodes of tectonic evolution in the NNE-SSW and NW-SE directions.Structural analyses and geochronology data suggest that the Getang gold deposit was formed as a result of tectonic transition from compression to extension during the Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny.

关键词： Carlin-type gold deposit structural features finite strain Getang Southwest China economy geology geochemistry

Exploring precursor effect in in-situ reconstruction of Bi metal organic-frameworks during CO_(2)electroreduction reaction to tailor formate selectivity towards 100%

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2190-2198页

作者： Zhida Liu Qikui Fan Hang Huo Fanglei yao Xiaoping Gao jin Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bi-based metal-organic frameworks(Bi-MOFs)as efficient catalysts for the CO_(2)electroreduction reaction(CRR)have been extensively investigated.It has been established that Bi-MOFs usually undergo in-situ transformation during the CRR,ultimately converting into Bi nanostructures.However,the effect of the MOF precursors on the structure of the derived Bi catalysts and consequently on their electrocatalytic properties has not been clearly elucidated.In this work,we prepared four variants of a novel Bi-MOF with different morphologies and dimensions,and explored the effects of the precursors on the resulting Bi catalysts and their CRR performance.A precursor-dependent in-situ transformation and its profound impact on tuning the CO_(2)-formate FE towards~100%have been revealed.Among the four examined variants,Bi-MOF with nanocube-like morphology(BiMOF-NC)is transformed into thin and flat Bi nanosheets capable of successfully enveloping the fibers of carbon paper(working electrode),while the other three variants with increased size and dodecahedral/octahedral geometry have been transformed into Bi nanoflowers,exposing a fair portion of the carbon fibers in the working electrode.Furthermore,the transformation rate was found to be dependent on the precursors and BiMOF-NC exhibited the highest rate of reconstruction compared with other samples.Consequently,the Bi catalyst derived from BiMOF-NC delivered a selectivity for the formate product of nearly 100%at-1.2 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE))and of over 95%in a wide potential range due to efficient suppression of the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)over carbon fibers.The in-situ transformed BiMOFNC also demonstrated equivalently high formate selectivity at large current densities(≥100 mA cm^(-2))in flow cell reactors as that in H-type reactors,underscoring its potential for industrial applications.This work highlights the necessity of finely tuning the structural features of MOF precursors to achieve optimized electrocatalytic performance.

关键词： Bi-MOFs precursor effect in-situ transformation Bi nanosheets CO2-to-formate