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Cone-beam computed tomography noise reduction method based on U-Net with convolutional block attention module in proton therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 89-100页

作者： Xing-Yue Ruan Xiu-Fang Li Meng-ya Guo Mei chen Ming Lv Rui Li Zhi-Ling chen Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China Department of Radiation Oncology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton therapy Shanghai201801China

Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) is mostly used for position verification during the treatment process. However,severe image artifacts in CBCT hinder its direct use in dose calculation and adaptive radiation therapy re-planning for proton therapy. In this study, an improved U-Net neural network named CBAM-U-Net was proposed for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy, which is a CBCT denoised U-Net network with convolutional block attention modules. The datasets contained 20 groups of head and neck images. The CT images were registered to CBCT images as ground truth. The original CBCT denoised U-Net network, sCTU-Net, was trained for model performance comparison. The synthetic CT(SCT) images generated by CBAM-U-Net and the original sCTU-Net are called CBAM-SCT and U-Net-SCT images, respectively. The HU accuracies of the CT, CBCT, and SCT images were compared using four metrics: mean absolute error(MAE), root mean square error(RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR), and structure similarity index measure(SSIM). The mean values of the MAE, RMSE, PSNR, and SSIM of CBAM-SCT images were 23.80 HU, 64.63 HU, 52.27 dB, and 0.9919, respectively,which were superior to those of the U-Net-SCT images. To evaluate dosimetric accuracy, the range accuracy was compared for a single-energy proton beam. The γ-index pass rates of a 4 cm × 4 cm scanned field and simple plan were calculated to compare the effects of the noise reduction capabilities of the original U-Net and CBAM-U-Net on the dose calculation results. CBAM-U-Net reduced noise more effectively than sCTU-Net, particularly in high-density tissues. We proposed a CBAM-U-Net model for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy. Owing to the excellent noise reduction capabilities of CBAM-U-Net, the proposed model provided relatively explicit information regarding patient tissues. Moreover, it maybe be used in dose calculation and adaptive treatment planning in the future.

关键词： Proton therapy Cone-beam CT CBAM-U-Net γ-index

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A novel fused bi-macrocyclic host for sensitive detection of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)based on enrichment effect

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 291-295页

作者： ting-ting Huang Jin-Fa chen Juan Liu Tai-Bao Wei Hong yao Bingbing Shi Qi Lin Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research CenterCollege of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Minzu University(Northwest University for Nationalities)Lanzhou 730000China

Improving the highly selective and sensitive binding of chemosensor to target guest is always very *** order to solve this issue,herein,the enrichment effect was introduced into the design of chemosensor molecule.A novel bi-fused-macrocyclic host molecule BPN1 was synthesized by bridging a pillar[5]arene and a naphthalene diimide(NDI)group through hydrogen-bond-rich *** the BPN1,the naphthalimide side ring is outside the cavity of the pillar[5]*** addition,Cr(VI)greatly threat human health and the environment due to its severe toxicity,and it is very important to develop effective chemosensor for sensitive and selective detection of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)or its ion *** this paper,the novel bi-fused-macrocyclic host molecule BPN1 can recognize Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)with high selectivity and *** mechanism of BPN1 recognition of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)was studied through experiments and density functional theory(DFT),the results show that BPN1 could supply enrichment effect to bind Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)through multiple weak interactions such as hydrogen bonds and anion-π,and achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-).It is a significant and feasible strategy for improve high selectivity and sensitivity of host to specific objects by using the enrichment effect of fused bi-macrocyclic.

关键词： Pillararene Bi-macrocyclic Detection of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2−) DFT The enrichment effect

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Introducing urea into tirapazamine derivatives to enhance anticancer therapy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 245-253页

作者： yajun Xu Jianlin Lv Chaoying Kong ya Liu Kun Wang Zhaohui Tang Xuesi chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Tirapazamine（TPZ） has been approved for multiple clinical trials relying on its excellent anticancer ***,as a typical hypoxia-activated prodrug（HAP）,TPZ did not exhibit survival advantages in Phase Ⅲ clinical trials when used in combination therapy due to the insufficient hypoxia levels in patients' *** this study,to improve the therapeutic effects of TPZ,we first introduced urea to synthesize a series of urea-containing derivatives of *** urea-containing TPZ derivatives showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity（9.51-30.85-fold） compared with TPZ,while maintaining hypoxic ***,one of these derivatives,showed 20-fold higher cytotoxicity than TPZ while maintaining a similar hypoxic cytotoxicity *** highly efficiently deliver TPZP to the tumors and reduce its side effects on healthy tissues,we further prepared TPZP into a nanodrug with fibrin-targeting ability:***4-NPs,a vascular disrupting agent,was used to increase the fibrin level within tumors and exacerbate tumor *** being combined with CA4-NPs,FT11-TPZP-NPs can accumulate in the hypoxia-aggravated tumors and activate sufficiently to kill tumor *** a single-dose treatment,FT11-TPZP-NPs+CA4-NPs showed a high inhibition rate of 98.1% against CT26 tumor models with an initial volume of ～480 mm3and four out of six tumors were completely eliminated;it thereby exerted a significant antitumor *** study provides a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect of TPZ and other HAPs in anticancer therapy.

关键词： tirapazamine vascular disrupting agent hypoxia-activated prodrug combretastatin A4 urea

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Enhancing reversible hydrogen storage performance of 2LiBH4–MgH2 via in-situ building heterogeneous nucleation sites

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4367-4376页

作者： Wei chen ya-Hui Sun Tian Xu Xue-Bin Yu Guang-Lin Xia Department of Materials Science Fudan University

2LiBH4-MgH2composite is one of the most attractive reactive hydride composites with a theoretic hydrogen capacity of 10.8 wt%.However,the large nucleation restriction of MgB2during the second step of dehydrogenation results in sluggish hydrogen storage kinetics and high operating temperature,which hinders its practical application as on-board hydrogen storage ***,Al3Ti doped Al nanoparticles （AT NPs） are prepared by a facile chemical reduction reaction to improve the hydrogen storage performance of *** the initial H2desorption process,MgAlB4and TiB2that have identical crystal structure and low d-value mismatch with MgB2resulting from the reaction between AT NPs and 2LiBH4-MgH2composite serve as effective nucleation sites for the formation of *** a result,the apparent activation energy of the two-step H2desorption of AT NPs doped 2LiBH4-MgH2composite are notably decreased to （110.0±5.9） and（119.6±1.4） kJ·mol-1,which is 55.5 and 33.5 kJ·mol-1lower than that of the undoped *** importantly,a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 9.2 wt%after 10cycles of H2desorption and adsorption could be achieved,corresponding to a capacity retention rate of 99%.The building of reactive bimetallic catalyst towards in situ formation of heterogeneous nucleation sites provides a new strategy for improving the hydrogen storage performance of reactive hydride composites.

关键词： Catalytic effects Heterogeneous nucleation Reactive hydride composites Reversible hydrogen storage

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Proteomic study of vitreous in proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients after treatment with aflibercept:a quantitative analysis based on 4D label-free technique

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 676-685页

作者： ting-ting Feng Xiang Gao An-Ran Liang Bo-Wen Zhao Guang-Hui He Song chen Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Tianjin Eye InstituteTianjin Eye HospitalTianjin 300020China Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Anyang Eye HospitalAnyang 455000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Jining No.1 People’s HospitalJining 272011Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To identify different metabolites,proteins and related pathways to elucidate the causes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and resistance to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs,and to provide biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of ***:Vitreous specimens from patients with diabetic retinopathy were collected and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)analyses based on 4D label-free *** differentially expressed proteins(DEPs),Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway representation and protein interactions were ***:A total of 12 samples were *** proteomics results showed that a total of 58 proteins were identified as DEPs,of which 47 proteins were up-regulated and 11 proteins were *** found that C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 5(C1QTNF5),Clusterin(CLU),tissue inhibitor of metal protease 1(TIMP1)and signal regulatory protein alpha(SIRPα)can all be specifically regulated after aflibercept *** functional analysis showed that some DEPs are related to changes in inflammatory regulatory pathways caused by *** addition,protein-protein interaction(PPI)network evaluation revealed that TIMP1 plays a central role in neural *** addition,CD47/SIRPαmay become a key target to resolve anti-VEGF drug resistance in ***:Proteomic analysis is an approach of choice to explore the molecular mechanisms of *** data show that multiple proteins are differentially changed in PDR patients after intravitreal injection of aflibercept,among which C1QTNF5,CLU,TIMP1 and SIRPαmay become targets for future treatment of PDR and resolution of anti-VEGF resistance.

关键词： vitreous proliferative diabetic retinopathy proteome 4D label-free

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Highly sensitive fluorescent sensing and photocatalytic degradation performance of two-dimensional Tb-organic network

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 303-313,I0003页

作者： ting Gao Zhihu Ma Yixia Ren Zhixiang Wang Meili Zhang Xiaoli chen Jijiang Wang Laboratory of New Energy and New Function Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYan'an UniversityYan'an716000China

A novel tetra-nuclear Tb-organic network,named as [Tb_(4)(2-pyia)_(6)(HAc)_(0.5)(2,2'-bipy)(H_(2)O)_(4.5)]·2,2'-bipy·H_(2)O(1),was synthesized hydrothermally based on 5-(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy) isophthalic acid(H_(2)pyia) and 2,2'-bipyridine(2,2'-bipy) ligands,and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric(TG) analyses,powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD) and infrared(IR) technology.1 possesses a two-dimensional network based on the tetra-nuclear inorganic building units,and the π-πstacking interactions between the pyia^(2-) ligands and the guest 2,2'-bipy molecules play an important role in the forming of 3D supramolecular structure.1 exhibits excellent fluorescent sensing performance for Fe^(3+)(1.26×10^(-8) mol/L),Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)(8.1×10^(-7) mol/L),2,4,6-trinitrophenol(TNP)(2.71×10^(-8) mol/L)and tetracycline(TCT)(2.76×10^(-7) mol/L) in aqueous solution with lower detection *** sensing mechanisms of 1 were investigated by density functional theory(DFT) calculations,ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,PXRD and fluorescent lifetime *** activated product of 1 was prepared by heating at 255℃ under constant pressure and used to photo-catalytically degrade *** 1 and the activated one have good photocatalytic degradation performance for TCT with degradation rates of 84.29% and 96.07%,*** photocatalytic mechanisms were discovered by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and radical trap *** Tb-organic framework might be an excellent multifunctional fluorescent sensor and a good photocatalytic agent for TCT degradation in the future.

关键词： Tb-organic network Fluorescent sensing Photocatalytic degradation Rare earths

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Nonlinear proinflammatory effect of short-term PM_(2.5)exposure:A potential role of lipopolysaccharide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 292-300页

作者： Fangxia Shen Mutong Niu Haoxuan chen ting Zhang Jing Li Haijie Tong yan Wu School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Surface Science Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502Germany School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

The association between PM_(2.5)(particulate matter≤2.5μm)short-term exposure and its health effect is non-linear from the epidemiological *** this nonlinearity is suggested to be related with the PM_(2.5)heterogeneity,however,the underlying biological mechanism is still ***,a total of 38 PM_(2.5)filters were collected continuously for three weeks in winter Beijing,with the ambient PM_(2.5)varying between 10 and 270μg/m^(3).Human monocytes-derived macrophages(THP-1)were treated with PM_(2.5)water-soluble elutes at10μg/mL to investigate the PM_(2.5)short-term exposure effect from a proinflammatory *** proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor(TNF)induced by the PM_(2.5)elutes at equal concentrations were unequal,showing the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory *** the various chemical and biological components,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)showed a strong positive association with the TNF ***,some outliers were observed among the TNF-LPS ***,for PM_(2.5)from relatively clean air episodes,the higher LPS amount corresponded to relatively low TNF *** this phenomenon was also observed in the promotion tests by treating macrophages with PM_(2.5)elutes dosed with additional trace *** expression analysis indicated the involvement of oxidative-stress related genes in the LPS signaling ***,a potential oxidative-stress-mediated suppression on the PM_(2.5)-borne LPS proinflammatory effect was proposed to be accounted for the ***,the results showed the differential role of LPS in the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory effects from a component-based *** experimental studies are needed to elucidate the signaling pathway of LPS attached on PM_(2.5)from different air quality episodes.

关键词： Fine PM PM_(2.5)pro-inflammatory effects Aerosol health effect Endotoxin Oxidative stress

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Architecture Design of Protocol Controller Based on Traffic-Driven Software Defined Interconnection

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 362-370页

作者： Peijie LI Jianliang SHEN Ping LYU Chunlei DONG ting chen Information Engineering University

To solve the problems of redundant logic resources and poor scalability in protocol controller circuits among communication networks, we propose a traffic-driven software defined interconnection(TSDI) *** unified software defined interconnection interface standards and the normalized interconnection topology are designed to implement the architecture of TSDI-based protocol controller. The key indicators of power, performance and area(PPA) can be realized while resolving the flexible interconnection of the controller. We designed a TSDI-based Rapid IO controller as an example. Compared to traditional designs, the design could achieve more protocol scalability,and Rapid IO protocol standards of Gen4 could be supported directly. The key PPA indicators, such as a lower delay of 56.1 ns and more than twice throughput of 98.1 Gbps, were achieved at the cost of a 23.4% area increase.

关键词： Protocols Software design Scalability Integrated circuit interconnections Process control Computer architecture Throughput

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Boosting solar hydrogen production via electrostatic interaction mediated ***-TiO_(2−x)biohybrid system

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5390-5398页

作者： Xingxing Lv Weicheng Huang ya Gao Rui chen Xiaowei chen Danqing Liu Ling Weng Liangcan He Shaoqin Liu School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040China School of Medicine and Health and Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of EducationHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Physics School of ScienceJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou 450046China

Hydrogen is garnering growing attention as a green energy source with zero carbon ***,most hydrogen production technologies still rely on the consumption of fossil fuels and are therefore *** has driven the search for more environmentally friendly methods of hydrogen *** this work,we present an innovative approach to enhance hydrogen generation via electrostatic interaction in the Escherichia coli and defective titanium dioxide(TiO_(2−x))*** method involves narrowing the forbidden bandwidth of TiO2 while introducing defect bands into its conduction band to facilitate visible light absorption and efficient charge *** biohybrid system,consisting of *** and TiO_(2−x),demonstrates a remarkable capability to produce 1.25 mmol of hydrogen within a 3-h timeframe under visible light *** accomplishment signifies a 3.31-fold rise in hydrogen production in comparison to ***,signifying a substantial enhancement in hydrogen production ***,we delve into the alterations in biological metabolites associated with hydrogen production and the changes in electron transfer in different biohybrid *** provides valuable insights into the understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms that drive the *** work introduces a novel and promising avenue for achieving this exciting goal.

关键词： Escherichia coli TiO_(2−x)nanoparticles biohybrid system hydrogen production

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Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes of S-type granite in the Baoshan block, constraints on the age and evolution of the Proto-Tethys

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 40-58页

作者： Jianjun Zhang Chuanlong Mou chendong Liu Yong Zhang ting chen Hualiang Li Institute of Geological Survey East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Earth Sciences East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China chengdu Geological Survey Center Chengdu 610081China School of Water Resources&Environmental Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotope data for the Early Paleozoic granites in the Baoshan Block reveal the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Proto-Tethys. The samples are high-K, calcalkaline, strongly peraluminous rocks with A/CNK values of 1.37–1.46, are enriched in SiO2, K2O, and Rb, and are depleted in Nb, P, Ti, Eu, and heavy rare earth elements,which indicates the crystallization fractionation of the granitic magma. Zircon U–Pb dating indicates that they formed in ca. 480 Ma. The Nansa granites have εHf(t) values ranging from-16.04 to 4.36 with corresponding TC DMages of 2.10–0.81 Ga, which suggests the magmas derived from the partial melting of ancient metasedimentary with minor involvement of mantle-derived components. A synthesis of data for the Early Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Baoshan block and adjacent(Tengchong,Qiangtang, Sibumasu, Himalaya, etc.) blocks indicates that these blocks were all aligned along the proto-Tethyan margin of East Gondwana in the Early Paleozoic. The Early Paleozoic S-type granites from Nansa were generated in a high-temperature and low-pressure(HTLP) extensional tectonic setting, which resulted from Andean-type orogeny instead of the final assembly of Gondwana or crustal extension in a non-arc environment. In certain places, an expanding environment may exist in opposition to the tectonic backdrop of the lithosphere’s thickening and shortening, leading the crust to melt and decompress,mantle-derived materials to mix, and a small quantity of peraluminous granite to emerge.

关键词： Baoshan block Early Paleozoic Granite Geochemistry Zircon Geochronology Hf isotope

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