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Cellulosomal hemicellulases:Indispensable players for ensuring effective lignocellulose bioconversion

Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 57-69页

作者： Min Xiao ya-jun liu Edward A.Bayer Akihiko Kosugi Qiu Cui Yingang Feng CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomolecular Sciences The Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8499000Israel Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS)1-1 OhwashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan

The bioconversion of lignocellulose has attracted global attention,due to the significant potential of agricultural and forestry wastes as renewable zero-carbon resources and the urgent need for substituting fossil *** cellulosome system is a multi-enzyme complex produced by anaerobic bacteria,which comprises cellulases,hemicellulases,and associated enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that promote biomass *** enhance their efficiency in degrading recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrices,cellulosomes have been employed to construct biocatalysts for lignocellulose bioconversion,such as consolidated bioprocessing and consolidated ***,the second most abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls,hold valuable application potential but can also induce inhibitory effects on cellulose hydrolysis,thus highlighting the indispensable roles of hemicellulases within the cellulosome *** review evaluated current research on cellulosomal hemicellulases,comparing their types,abundance,and regulation,primarily focusing on eight known cellulosome-producing species of different *** also reviewed their growth conditions,their hemicellulose-degrading capabilities,and the inhibitory effects of hemicellulose on cellulosome-based lignocellulose ***,we proposed strategies for targeted enhancement of hemicellulase in cellulosomes to improve lignocellulose bioconversion in future studies.

关键词： Cellulosome Lignocellulose Hemicellulase Saccharification Biocatalyst

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Computational Bioluminescence

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2021年第1期39卷 43-49页

作者： Yi-Qi Tang ya-jun liu College of Chemistry Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Bioluminescence(BL)is an amazing natural phenomenon whose visible light is pro-duced by living *** to its high sensitivity,high selectivity and high signal-to-noise ratio,BL has been applied broadly in biotechnology and biomedical ***,for centuries,we can only receive some sporadic and static information from experimental observations,the mechanism of most BL is *** the past 14 years,we have been performing theoretical study on all kinds of bioluminescent systems,and have uncovered the mechanism and details of several *** as an example,we qualitatively introduce our theoretical study of firefly BL in this account.

关键词： Bioluminescence Reaction mechanisms Density functional calculations Ab initio calculations Molecular dynamics

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A Blockchain-Based Protocol for Malicious Price Discrimination

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第1期37卷 266-276页

作者： Li-De Xue ya-jun liu Wei yang Wei-Lin Chen liu-Sheng Huang School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230000China Information Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China

Serious price discrimination emerges with the development of big data and mobile networks,which harms the interests of *** solve this problem,we propose a blockchain-based price consensus protocol to solve the malicious price discrimination faced by *** give a mathematical definition of price discrimination,which requires the system to satisfy consistency and *** distributed blockchain can make the different pricing of merchants transparent to consumers,thus satisfying the *** aging window mechanism of our protocol ensures that there is no disagreement between any node on the consensus on price or price discrimination within a fixed period,which meets the ***,we evaluate its performance through a prototype implementation and experiments with up to 100 user *** results show that our protocol achieves all the expected goals like price transparency,consistency,and timeliness,and it additionally guarantees the consensus of the optimal price with a high probability.

关键词： blockchain digital economy distributed application price discrimination price transparency

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Shortening the delivery time of proton therapy by real-time compensation method with raster scanning

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第6期33卷 62-74页

作者： Xiang-Shang Sun Yong-Jiang Li jun-ya liu Wen-Tao Liao Chao Wu Yue-Hu Pu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Co. LtdShanghai 201800China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Among the various scanning techniques, spot and raster scanning are the most frequently adopted. Raster scanning turns off the beam only when each isoenergy slice irradiation is completed. This feature intrinsically solves the leakage dose and frequent beam-switching problems encountered during spot scanning. However, to shorten the delivery time of raster scanning, a sophisticated dose control strategy is required to guarantee dose *** this study, a real-time compensation method with raster scanning for synchrotron systems was designed. It is characterized by a small spot-spacing planning strategy and real-time subtraction of the transient number of particles delivered between two planning-spot positions from the planned number of particles of the subsequent raster *** efficacy of the compensation method was demonstrated by performing accurate raster scanning simulations with an in-house simulation code and accurate final dose evaluations with a commercial treatment planning *** the similar dose evaluation criteria under a practical high scanning speed, compared with the spot scanning method, the total delivery time of the compensated raster scanning method was significantly shortened by 53.3% in the case of irradiating a cubical target and by 28.8% in a pelvic case. Therefore, it can be concluded that real-time compensated raster scanning with a fast scanning configuration can significantly shorten the delivery time compared to that of spot scanning. It is important to reduce the pressure on patients caused by prolonged immobilization and to improve patient throughput capacity at particle therapy centers.

关键词： Proton therapy Raster scanning Delivery time Scanning simulation

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QM/MM Study on Enzymatic Mechanism in Sinigrin Biosynthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2022年第1期35卷 193-199,I0041-I0057,I0064页

作者： ya-Jie Guo ya-jun liu Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Advanced Materials Research Advanced Institute of Natural SciencesBeijing Normal University at ZhuhaiZhuhai 519087China

As the major and abundant type of glucosinolates(GL)in plants,sinigrin has potential functions in promoting health and insect *** final step in the biosynthesis of sinigrin core structure is highly representative in GL compounds,which corresponds to the process from 3-methylthiopropyl ds-GL to 3-methylthiopropyl GL catalyzed by sulfotransferase(SOT).However,due to the lack of the crystallographic structure of SOT complexed with the 3-methylthiopropyl GL,little is known about this sulfonation ***,the crystal structure of SOT 18 from Arabidopsis thaliana(At SOT18)containing the substance(sinigrin)similar to 3-methylthiopropyl GL has been *** understand the enzymatic mechanism,we employed molecular dynamics(MD)simulation and quantum mechanics combined with molecular mechanics(QM/MM)methods to study the conversion from ds-sinigrin to sinigrin catalyzed by *** calculated results demonstrate that the reaction occurs through a concerted dissociative ***,Lys93,Thr96,Thr97,Tyr130,His155,and two enzyme peptide chains(Pro92-Lys93 and Gln95-Thr96-Thr97)play a role in positioning the substrates and promoting the catalytic reaction by stabilizing the transition state ***,His155 acts as a catalytic base while Lys93 acts as a catalytic acid in the reaction *** presently proposed concerted dissociative mechanism explains the role of At SOT18 in sinigrin biosynthesis,and could be instructive for the study of GL biosynthesis catalyzed by other SOTs.

关键词： Sinigrin Sulfotransferase Molecular dynamics Quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics

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A New Epidithiodioxopiperazine Metabolite Isolated from Gliocladium roseum YMF1.00133

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2006年第7期17卷 922-924页

作者： Jin yah DONG Wei ZHOU Lei LI Guo Hong LI ya jun liu Ke Qing ZHANG Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources Yunnan University Kunming 650091

Glioclatine, a novel epidithiodioxopiperazine was isolated from wheat solid-substrate fermentation of Gliocladium roseum YMF1.00133. Its structure was elucidated by HRESI-MS and NMR spectra.

关键词： Glioclatine epidithiodioxopiperazine Gliocladium roseum.

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Cross-talk between microRNA-let7c and transforming growth factor-β2 during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第5期13卷 693-700页

作者： Qu-Zhen Deji Feng yan Wang-Dui Zhaba ya-jun liu Jie Yin Zhen-Ping Huang Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM: To explore the roles of microRNA-let7 c(miR-let7 c) and transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2) and cellular signaling during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial cells. METHODS: Retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE-19) cells were cultured with no serum for 12 h, and then with recombinant human TGF-β2 for different lengths of time. ARPE-19 cells were transfected with 1×106 TU/mL miR-let7 c mimcs(miR-let7 cM), miR-let7 c mimcs negative control(miR-let7cMNC) and miR-let7 c inhibitor(miR-let7 cI) using the transfection reagent. The expression of keratin-18, vimentin, N-cadherin, IKB alpha, p65 were detected by Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The expression of miR-let7c was dramatically reduced and the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway was activated after induction by TGF-β2(P<0.05). In turn, overexpressed miR-let7 c significantly inhibited TGF-β2-induced EMT(P<0.05). However, miR-let7 c was unable to inhibit TGF-β2-induced EMT when the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited by BAY11-7082(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The miR-let7 c regulates TGF-β2-induced EMT through the NF-κB signaling pathway in ARPE-19 cells.

关键词： microRNA-let7c transforming growth factor-β2 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition human retinal pigment epithelial cells nuclear factor-kappa B pathway

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The role of mechanical stretch and TGF-β2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第12期12卷 1832-1838页

作者： Qian Cao Qu-Zhen Deji ya-jun liu Wei Ye Wang-Dui Zhaba Qin Jiang Feng yan Eye Hospital Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Departm ent of Ophthalm ology N anjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Second Military Medical University Department of OphthalmologyJinling HospitalNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM: To explore the effects and mechanisms of mechanical stress and transforming growth factor-beta2(TGF-β2) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells. METHODS: Human RPE cells were inoculated on BioF ex 6-well plates and RPE cells received 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 mild stretch injuries delivered 3h apart after 24h of culture. The device of mechanical stress parameters were set to sine wave, frequency 1 Hz, stretch strength 20%. For treatment with TGF-β2, when the inoculated RPE cells in 6-well plates were around 60% confluent, serum was reduced to 0 for 12h and recombinant human TGF-β2(0, 1, 5, 10 ng/mL)was added for 48h. α-SMA, Vimentin and N-Cadherin, fibronectin proteins expressions were detected by Western blotting, confocal cell immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR). Then we detected the change of mi RNA-29b and ascertained the changes of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-serine threonine protein kinase(PI3K/Akt) pathway after RPE cells were stretched by the device of mechanical stress and induced by TGF-β2 by Western blotting, confocal cell immunofluorescence and qR T-PCR. RESULTS: Mechanical stress induce EMT and activate the PI3K/Akt pathway in ways that lead to the EMT process. TGF-β2 induce RPE cells EMT and in a certain range and TGF-β2 decrease the miR NA-29b expression in RPE cells, and the inhibitory effect is more obvious with the increase of TGF-β2 concentration. CONCLUSION: Our findings are crucial steps in determining the critical roles of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and mi RNA-29b in pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) which may be a potential target for preventing or treating PVR.

关键词： mechanical stress transforming growth factor-beta2 microRNA 29b epithelial-mesenchymal transition phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-serine threonine protein kinase pathway proliferative vitreoretinopathy

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Explore innovative development of aero engine experimental platform and equipment

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International Journal of Technology Management 2015年第6期 12-14页

作者： liu ya liu jun China Aviation Planning and Construction Development Co. Ltd.Beijing 100120 China

The experiment platform of the aeroengine badly needs to develope in the direction of the overall supporting, the database system management and the engineering practice. Experimental means such as the water, electricity and gas systems which support the operation of equipment, and multiple sets of engine components （the compressor, the turbine, the combustion chamber, the structural strength etc.） which support the experimental study of the engine also badly needs to improve in the direction of comprehensive monitoring and system integration to meet the needs of high efficient experiment and management. The experiment platform can make the experimental data and the experimental process be shared in different places in real time. Improving the collaborative ability of design and experiment, improving the automatic level of the experiment and so on all need the computer, the network and the professional and matching application system to support so as to guarantee the security, the stability and the reliability of the experiment, and reduce the risk of the experiment. This paper mainly discusses the main innovative exploration of experimental platform and equipment development about the current aeroengine.

关键词： Aeroengine Experimental Platform Informatization.

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Improved discriminative training for generative model

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2009年第3期16卷 126-130页

作者： WU ya-hui,GUO jun,liu Gang Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China [a]Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

This article proposes a model combination method to enhance the discriminability of the generative model. Generative and discriminative models have different optimization objectives and have their own advantages and drawbacks. The method proposed in this article intends to strike a balance between the two models mentioned above. It extracts the discriminative parameter from the generative model and generates a new model based on a multi-model combination. The weight for combining is determined by the ratio of the inter-variance to the intra-variance of the classes. The higher the ratio is, the greater the weight is, and the more discriminative the model will be. Experiments on speech recognition demonstrate that the performance of the new model outperforms the model trained with the traditional generative method.

关键词： model combination discriminability generative model training speech recognition

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