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Construction of an alternative NADPH regeneration pathway improves ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with xy.ose metabolic pathway

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 269-276页

作者： yali Qiu Wei Liu Meiling wu Haodong Bao Xinhua Sun qin Dou Hongying Jia Weifeng Liu yu Shen State Key Laboratory.of Microbial Technology Institute of Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdao266237China Advanced Medical Research Institute Shandong UniversityJinan250012China

Full conversion of glucose and xy.ose from lignocellulosic hydrolysates is required for obtaining a high ethanol ***,glucose and xy.ose share flux in the pentose phosphate pathway(PPP)and gly.olysis pathway(EMP),with glucose having a competitive advantage in the shared metabolic *** this work,we knocked down ZWF1 to preclude glucose from entering the *** reduced the[NADPH]level and disturbed growth on both glucose or xy.ose,confirming that the oxidative PPP,which begins with Zwf1p and ultimately leads to Co_(2) production,is the primary source of NADPH in both glucose and *** glucose depletion,gluconeogenesis is necessary to generate glucose-6-phosphate,the substrate of *** re-established the NADPH regeneration pathway by replacing the endogenous NAD^(+)-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)gene TDH3 with heterogenous NADP^(+)-GAPDH genes GDH,gapB,and *** the resulting strains,the strain BZP1(zwf1Δ,tdh3::GDP1)exhibited a similar xy.ose consumption rate before glucose depletion,but a 1.6-fold increased xy.ose consumption rate following glucose depletion compared to the original strain BSGX001,and the ethanol yield for total consumed sugars of BZP1 was 13.5%higher than *** suggested that using the EMP instead of PPP to generate NADPH reduces the wasteful metabolic cycle and excess Co_(2)^(++) release from oxidative ***,we used a copper-repressing promoter to modulate the expression of ZWF1 and optimize the timing of turning off the ZWF1,therefore,to determine the competitive equilibrium between glucose-xy.ose *** strategy allowed fast growth in the early stage of fermentation and low waste in the following stages of fermentation.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae Xy.ose Ethanol NADPH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

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Multi-agent policy transfer via task relationship modeling

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 102-114页

作者： Rongjun qin Feng CHEN Tonghan WANG Lei yUAN Xiaoran wu yipeng KANG Zongzhang ZHANG Chongjie ZHANG yang yU National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir Technologies School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University

Team adaptation to new cooperative tasks is a hallmark of human intelligence, which has yet to be fully realized in learning agents. Previous studies on multi-agent transfer learning have accommodated teams of different sizes but heavily relied on the generalization ability.of neural networks for adapting to unseen tasks. We posit that the relationship among tasks provides key information for policy *** utilize this relationship for efficient transfer by attempting to discover and exploit the knowledge among tasks from different teams, proposing to learn an effect-based task representation as a common latent space among tasks, and using it to build an alternatively fixed training scheme. Herein, we demonstrate that task representation can capture the relationship among teams and generalize to unseen tasks. Thus, the proposed method helps transfer the learned cooperation knowledge to new tasks after training on a few source ***, the learned transferred policies help solve tasks that are difficult to learn from scratch.

关键词： multi-agent reinforcement learning cooperative transfer learning task relationship modeling multi-agent policy reuse multi-agent multi-task learning

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Interfacial assembly.of 2D poly.opamine/graphene heterostructures with well-defined mesopore and tunable thickness for high-energy planar micro-supercapacitors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 439-444页

作者： Jieqiong qin Zhi yang Jiaxin Ma Liangzhu Zhang Feifei Xing Hongtao Zhang Shuxia Tian Shuanghao Zheng Zhong-Shuai wu College of Science Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China State Key Laboratory.of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049China Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China

Two-dimensional(2D)mesoporous pseudocapacitive polymer/graphene heterostructures combine the advanced merits of 2D materials and mesoporous materials,possessing unique nanosheet structure,large specific surface area(SSA),abundant oxygen/nitrogen-containing groups,desirable electrical conductivity and admirable electrochemical redox activity,and hold great potential for constructing high-performance planar micro-supercapacitors(MSCs).Herein,we demonstrate the interfacial assembly.of 2D mesoporous poly.opamine/graphene(mPDG)heterostructures with well-defined mesopore structure(12 nm)and adjustable thickness(7.5–14.1 nm)for planar high-energy pseudocapacitive *** to medium thickness,exposed mesopore of 12 nm and large SSA of 108 m^(2)/g,the m PDG with 10.8 nm thickness reveals prominent mass capacitance of 419 F/g and impressive cycling stability with~96%capacitance retention after 5000 ***,the symmetric mPDG-based MSCs with“water-in-salt”gel electrolyte present wide voltage window of 1.6 V,superior volumetric energy density.of 11.5 mWh/cm^(3),outstanding flexibility and self-integration ***,this work offers a new platform of controllably synthesizing 2D mesoporous heterostructures for high-performance MSCs.

关键词： 2D materials Mesopores Heterostructures Poly.opamine High energy density Micro-supercapacitors

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Apolipoprotein E4 interferes with lipid metabolism to exacerbate depression-like behaviors in 5xFAD mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 347-361页

作者： yanju Gong Mingfeng Li Min Liu Xinghan wu yanhong Li Chuan qin Ling Zhang iNHC Key Laboratory.of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesInternational Center for Technology and lnnovation of Animal ModelComparative Medicine CenterInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PuMC)BeijingChina Changping National Laboratory(CPNL) BeijingChina

Background:Apolipoprotein E4(ApoE4)allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease,and it can aggravate depressive symptoms in non-AD ***,the impact of ApoE4 on AD-associated depression-l ike behaviors and its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain ***:This study developed a 5xFAD mouse model overexpressing human ApoE4(E4FAD).Behavioral assessments and synaptic function tests were conducted to explore the effects of ApoE4 on cognition and depression in 5xFAD *** in peripheral and central lipid metabolism,as well as the levels of serotonin(5-HT)andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex,were *** addition,the protein levels of 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase/gly.ogen synthase kinase-3 beta/mammalian target of rapamycin(DHCR24/GSK3β/m ToR)and postsynaptic density protein 95/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II/brain-derived neurotrophic factor(PSD95/CaMK-II/BDNF)were measured to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of ApoE4 on AD ***:Compared with 5xFAD mice,E4FAD mice exhibited more severe depressionlike behaviors and cognitive *** mice also exhibited increased amy.oid-beta deposition in the hippocampus,increased astrocyte numbers,and decreased expression of depression-related neurotransmitters 5-HT and GABA in the prefrontal ***,lipid metabolism disorders were observed in E4FAD,manifesting as elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in peripheral blood,decreased cholesterol level in the prefrontal cortex,and reduced expression of key enzymes and proteins related to cholesterol synthesis and *** expression of proteins related to the DHCR24/GSK3β/m ToR and PSD95/CaMK-II/BDNF pathways was also ***:This study found that ApoE4 overexpression exacerbates depressionlike behaviors in 5xFAD mice and confirmed that ApoE4 reduces co

关键词： 5xFAD mice Alzheimer's disease ApoE4 allele depression like

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The regulatory mechanism of rapid lignification for timely anther dehiscence

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1788-1800页

作者： Jing-Shi Xue yi-Feng Feng Ming-Qi Zhang qin-Lin Xu ya-Min Xu Jun-qin Shi Li-Fang Liu Xiao-Feng wu Shui Wang Zhong-Nan yang Shanghai Key Laboratory.of Plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China National Key Laboratory.of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University.of the Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049China Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Anther dehiscence is a crucial event in plant reproduction,tightly regulated and dependent on the lignification of the anther *** this study,we investigated the rapid lignification process that ensures timely anther dehiscence in *** findings reveal that endothecium lignification can be divided into two distinct *** Phase Ⅰ,lignin precursors are synthesized without polymerization,while Phase Ⅱ involves simultaneous synthesis of lignin precursors and *** transcription factors MyB26,NST1/2,and ARF17 specifically regulate the pathway responsible for the synthesis and polymerization of lignin monomers in Phase Ⅱ.MyB26-NST1/2 is the key regulatory pathway responsible for endothecium lignification,while ARF17 facilitates this process by interacting with ***,our results demonstrate that the lignification of the endothecium,which occurs within approximately 26 h,is much faster than that of the vascular *** findings provide valuable insights into the regulation mechanism of rapid lignification in the endothecium,which enables timely anther dehiscence and successful pollen release during plant reproduction.

关键词： anther dehiscence ARF17 endothecium lignin MyB26 NST

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Alcohol-dispersed polymer complex as an effective and durable interface modifier for n-i-p perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 243-252,I0007页

作者： Chang Shi Jiangling Li Shuping Xiao Ziyi Wang wuchen Xiang Rui wu yang Liu yinhua Zhou Weijun Ke Guojia Fang Pingli qin Hubei Key Laboratory.of optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205HubeiChina wuhan National Laboratory for optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina School of Physics and Technology Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of the Ministry of Education and School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Abundant interfacial defects remain a significant challenge that hampers both the efficiency and stability.of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,an alcohol-dispersed conducting polymer complex,denoted as PEDoT:F(Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):Perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers),is introduced into the interface between perovskite and hole transporting layer in regular-structured ***:F serves as a multi-functional interface layer(filling grain boundaries and covering perovskite's grain-surface)to achieve a robust interaction with organic groups within perovskites,which could induce a structural transformation of PEDoT to increase its conductivity for the efficient ***,the strong interaction between PEDoT and perovskites could promote an effective coupling of undercoordinated Pb~(2+)ions with the lone electron pairs near o&S atoms in PEDoT molecules,thereby enhancing defect ***,PEDoT:F with inherent hydrophobic properties prevents effectively moisture invasion into perovskites for the improved long-term stability.of the ***,the PEDoT:F-based PSCs achieved a champion efficiency.of 24.81%,and maintained ca.92%of their initial efficiency after 7680 h of storage in a dry air environment,accompanied by the enhanced photothermal stability.

关键词： Alcohol-dispersed conducting polymer complex Interface passivation Grain boundaries Device stability Perovskite solar cells

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Metallographic investigationof first full-sizehigh-Jc Nb_(3)Sn cable-in-conduit conductor aftercyclicloadingtests

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 1-8页

作者： Chao Dai yunhao Liu Zichuan Guo yu wu Arend Nijhuis Tianjun Xue Zuojiafeng wu Jinggang qin Huainan New Energy Research Center Huainan 232000People’s Republic of China University.of Twente EnergyMaterials and SystemsFaculty of Science and TechnologyEnschede 7500AENetherlands University.of Science and Technology.of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Baiyin Non-ferrous Changtong Wire&Cable Co.Ltd BaiyinGansu 730900People’s Republic of China Longteng Mechanical and Electrical Co. LtdYiChun 336000People’s Republic of China

In order to verify the feasibility.of applying high-Jc Nb_(3)Sn strand in fusion magnet,a full-size cable-in-conduit conductor(CICC)with short twist pitch(STP)cable pattern was manufactured and tested in SULTAN facility at SPC,*** levels of cyclic electromagnetic(EM)load were applied on the sample stepwise,no visible decrease of current sharing temperature(TcsT was observed until the EM load increased to 80 kA×10.8 T,after that the Tcs decreased dramatically with the EM cycles,which suggested that irreversible deformation,causing a change in the strain state,or even damage has occurred in the superconducting *** investigating the reason which caused the conductor performance degradation,the tested conductor was dissected for metallographic *** segments which subjected to different EM loads were extracted from one of the legs,the geometric feature changes of the cable cross-sections were analyzed and compared.A good correlation was found between the decrease of the Tcs and deformation of the cable cross section.A mass of cracks were found on the sub-elements of strands in the segment which subjected to highest EM load,but the amount of crack is much lower in other *** the analyses,it is speculated that the critical EM load which causes irreversible degradation is between 850 kN/m and 870 kN/m for this *** results could be a reference in high-Jc Nb_(3)Sn CICC design.

关键词： High‐Jc Nb_(3)Sn Cable‐in‐conduit conductor Metallography

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Method for the classification of tea diseases via weighted sampling and hierarchical classification learning

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 211-221页

作者： Rujia Li Weibo qin yiting He yadong Li Rongbiao Ji yehui wu Jiaojiao Chen Jianping yang College of Big Data Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China College of Plant Protection Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118China

This study proposed a weighted sampling hierarchical classification learning method based on an efficient backbone network model to address the problems of high costs,low accuracy,and time-consuming traditional tea disease recognition *** method enhances the feature extraction ability by conducting hierarchical classification learning based on the EfficientNet model,effectively alleviating the impact of high similarity between tea diseases on the model’s classification *** better solve the problem of few and unevenly distributed tea disease samples,this study introduced a weighted sampling scheme to optimize data processing,which not only alleviates the overfitting effect caused by too few sample data but also balances the probability.of extracting imbalanced classification *** experimental results show that the proposed method was significant in identifying both healthy tea leaves and four common leaf diseases of tea(tea algal spot disease,tea white spot disease,tea anthracnose disease,and tea leaf blight disease).After applying the“weighted sampling hierarchical classification learning method”to train 7 different efficient backbone networks,most of their accuracies have *** EfficientNet-B1 model proposed in this study achieved an accuracy rate of 99.21%after adopting this learning method,which is higher than EfficientNet-b2(98.82%)and MobileNet-V3(98.43%).In addition,to better apply the results of identifying tea diseases,this study developed a mini-program that operates on *** can quickly.obtain accurate identification results and corresponding disease descriptions and prevention methods through simple *** intelligent tool for identifying tea diseases can serve as an auxiliary tool for farmers,consumers,and related scientific researchers and has certain practical value.

关键词： tea diseases hierarchical classification learning weighted sampling classification method EfficientNet miniprogram

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Two polyoxovanadoborates with over 100 nuclei assembled from a {V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)} cluster

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2578-2585页

作者： Shuang-Xue wu yu-Jiao Dong yang yang Chao qin Chun-yi Sun Wei Guan Xin-Long Wang Zhong-Min Su Key Laboratory.of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry.of Ministry.of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130013China Key Laboratory.of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Combining theoretical prediction and experimental exploration, the first sandwich-type polyoxovanadoborate(PoVB) with an odd number of nuclei, [V_(11)B_(26)o_(73)(oH)_(10)]^(8-)(1), was discovered under hydrothermal conditions. Density-functional theory(DFT)gives a rationalization for the existence of this structure and the structural feature is consistent with the {V_NB_(2N+X)}(X = 2, 4, 6, 8)general formula. Excitingly, when Co and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) are introduced into the synthesis of vanadoborates system,a 100-nuclei [Co_6(phen)_(10)(H_(2)o)_8][V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)o_(144)(oH)_(20)]·28H_(2)o(2) and a 102-nuclei [Co_6(phen)_(14)(H_(2)o)_(4)][V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)o_(144)(oH)_(20)]·23H_(2)o(3) with the same core structure of [V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)]^(12-)are obtained. The vase-shaped [V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)] polyanion is a multilayered sandwich-type structure containing seven distinct structural layers and is the largest known PoVB. Furthermore, 2demonstrates exceptional thermal and chemical stability and serves as an efficient and stable catalyst for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide.

关键词： boronate metallic materials polyoxovanadoborates density functional theory photocatalysis Co_(2)reduction

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2.4 V ultrahigh-voltage aqueous MXene-based asymmetric micro-supercapacitors with high volumetric energy density toward a self-sufficient integrated microsystem

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 307-314页

作者： yuanyuan Zhu Shuanghao Zheng Jieqiong qin Jiaxin Ma Pratteek Das Feng Zhou Zhong-Shuai wu State Key Laboratory.of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China College of Science Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Key Laboratory.of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China

Two-dimensional MXenes are key high-capacitance electrode materials for micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)catering to integrated ***,the narrow electrochemical voltage windows of conventional aqueous electrolytes(≤1.23 V)and symmetric MXene MSCs(typically≤0.6 V)substantially limit their output voltage and energy *** concentrated aqueous electrolytes exhibit lower water molecule activity,which inhibits water splitting and consequently widens the operating voltage ***,we report ultrahigh-voltage aqueous planar asymmetric MSCs(AMSCs)based on a highly concentrated LiCl-gel quasi-solid-state electrolyte with MXene(Ti3C2Tx)as the negative electrode and Mno_(2) nanosheets as the positive electrode(MXene//Mno_(2)-AMSCs).The MXene//Mno_(2)-AMSCs exhibit a high voltage of up to 2.4 V,attaining an ultrahigh volumetric energy density.of 53 mWh cm−***,the in-plane geometry and the quasi-solid-state electrolyte enabled excellent mechanical flexibility and performance uniformity in the serially/parallel connected packs of our ***,the MXene//Mno_(2)-AMSC-based integrated microsystem,in conjunction with solar cells and consumer electronics,could efficiently realize simultaneous energy harvesting,storage,and *** findings of this study provide insights for constructing high-voltage aqueous MXene-based AMSCs as safe and self-sufficient micropower sources in smart integrated microsystems.

关键词： Asymmetric micro-supercapacitors MXene Mno_(2) Aqueous electrolyte High voltage Integrated microsystem

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