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Research on Defect Detection ofw.nd Turbine Blades Based onMorphology and Improved otsu Algorithm Using Infrared Images

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 933-949页

作者： Kang S. He y. Li w. Liu S. School of Mechanical and Control Engineering Baicheng Normal University Baicheng 137000 China School of Information and Control Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin 132022 China

To address the issues of low.accuracy and high false positive rate in traditional otsu algorithm for defect detection on infrared images of w.nd turbine blades (w.B), this paper proposes a technique that combines morphological image enhancement w.th an improved otsu algorithm. First, mathematical morphology's differential multi-scale w.ite and black top-hat operations are applied to enhance the image. The algorithm employs entropy as the objective function to guide the iteration process of image enhancement, selecting appropriate structural element scales to execute differential multi-scale w.ite and black top-hat transformations, effectively enhancing the detail features of defect regions and improving the contrast betw.en defects and background. Afterw.rds, grayscale inversion is performed on the enhanced infrared defect image to better adapt to the improved otsu algorithm. Finally, by introducing a parameter K to adjust the calculation of inter-class variance in theotsumethod, thew.ight of the target pixels is increased. Combined w.th the adaptive iterative threshold algorithm, the threshold selection process is further fine-tuned. Experimental results show.that compared to traditional otsu algorithms and other improvements, the proposed method has significant advantages in terms of defect detection accuracy and reducing false positive rates. The average defect detection rate approaches 1, and the average Hausdorff distance decreases to 0.825, indicating strong robustness and accuracy.of the method. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： adaptive iterative thresholding grayscale inversion improved otsu algorithm infrared image Morphological enhancement

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Re-Distributing Facial Features for Engagement Prediction w.th ModernTCN

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 369-391页

作者： Li X. Zhu w. Li Q. Hou C. Zhang y. College of Information and Artificial Intelligence Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology Nanchang 330108 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430205 China School of Electronic Information Engineering Wuhan Donghu University Wuhan 430212 China

Automatically detecting learners’ engagement levels helps to develop more effective online teaching and assessment programs, allow.ng teachers to provide timely feedback and make personalized adjustments based on students’ needs to enhance teaching effectiveness. Traditional approaches mainly rely.on single-frame multimodal facial spatial information, neglecting temporal emotional and behavioural features, w.th accuracy affected by significant pose variations. Additionally, convolutional padding can erode feature maps, affecting feature extraction’s representational capacity. To address these issues, w. propose a hybrid neural netw.rk architecture, the redistributing facial features and temporal convolutional netw.rk (RefEIP). This netw.rk consists of three key components: first, utilizing the spatial attention mechanism large kernel attention (LKA) to automatically capture local patches and mitigate the effects of pose variations; second, employing the feature organization and w.ight distribution (Fow.) module to redistribute feature w.ights and eliminate the impact of w.ite features and enhancing representation in facial feature maps. Finally, w. analyse the temporal changes in video frames through the modern temporal convolutional netw.rk (ModernTCN) module to detect engagement levels. w. constructed a near-infrared engagement video dataset (NEVD) to better validate the efficiency.of the RefEIP netw.rk. Through extensive experiments and in-depth studies, w. evaluated these methods on the NEVD and the Database for Affect in Situations of Elicitation (DAiSEE), achieving an accuracy.of 90.8% on NEVD and 61.2% on DAiSEE in the four-class classification task, indicating significant advantages in addressing engagement video analysis problems. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： Engagement prediction re-distributing facial features spatiotemporal netw.rk temporal convolutional netw.rk

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Effect of Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+ doping on luminescent property.of GdNbo4

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75页

作者： S.w.w. y.S.Lee Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences Soongsil University

w. investigated the emission properties of Eu3+-doped GdNbo4-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu3+emission by codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Eu3+singly doped,Eu3+and Bi3+doubly doped,and Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+triply doped GdNbo4w.re prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction *** red-orange emissions from Eu3+in the singly doped samples are significantly improved by the codoping of Bi3+,mainly due to the energy transfer from Bi3+to Eu3+.The additional codoping of Li+is found to increase the Eu3+emission *** improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum yield originating from larger grain sizes and better crystallinity.A detailed analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern and the asymmetric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show.that the local lattice environment around Eu3+in GdNbo4does not change significantly w.th the codoping of Bi3+and Li+.our results indicate that Li+doping is a promising w.y to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbo4phosphors.

关键词： Eu3+ GdNbo4 Codoping of Li+ Photoluminescence Sensitizer Rare earths

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Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 60-79页

作者： yán w.ng yapeng Han De-Xiang Xu Department of Toxicology School of Public Health&Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China

Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prow.ss,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food ***,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult *** review.delves into the developmental toxicity.of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem *** focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy ***,w. scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and *** hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial ***,w. explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental *** substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency.of further research in this critical area.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) Developmental toxicity Maternal exposure Fetal development Redox imbalance Mitochondrial dysfunction

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NCCMF: Non-Collaborative ContinuousMonitoring Framew.rk for Container-Based Cloud Runtime Status

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 1687-1701页

作者： Zheng T. Tang w. Chen X. Shen C. School of Cyber Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China Intelligent Policing and National Security Risk Management Laboratory Luzhou 646000 China Key Laboratory.of Data Protection and Intelligent Management (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education Chengdu 610065 China Cyber Science Research Institute Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

The security performance of cloud services is a key factor influencing users' selection of Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Continuous monitoring of the security status of cloud services is critical. How.ver, existing research lacks a practical framew.rk for such ongoing monitoring. To address this gap, this paper proposes the first Non- Collaborative Container-Based Cloud Service operation State Continuous Monitoring Framew.rk (NCCMF), based on relevant standards. NCCMF operates w.thout the CSP's collaboration by: 1) establishing a scalable supervisory index system through the identification of security responsibilities for each role, and 2) designing a Continuous Metrics Supervision Protocol (CMA) to automate the negotiation of supervisory metrics. The framew.rk also outlines the supervision process for cloud services across different deployment models. Experimental results demonstrate that NCCMF effectively monitors the operational state of tw. real-w.rld IoT (Internet of Things) cloud services, w.th an average supervision error of less than 15%. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： Container-based cloud continuous monitor non-collaborative runtime status

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w.akly Supervised object Localization w.th Background Suppression Erasing for Art Authentication and Copyright Protection

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 89-103页

作者： Chaojie w. Mingyang Li ying Gao Xinyan Xie w.ng w.y.Ng Ahmad Musyafa School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory.of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180China

The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents w.th all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every *** art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright ***,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level *** alleviate this,w. propose a novel w.akly supervised object localization(w.oL)w.th background su-perposition erasing(BSE),w.ich recognizes objects w.th inexpensive image-level ***,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural netw.rk(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic ***,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance ***,in the inference phase,w. utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization *** experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.

关键词： w.akly supervised object localization erasing method deep learning computer vision art authentication and copyright protection

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.y.Morassuti A.P.L Silva L.A.o.Nunes S.M.Lima L.H.C.Andrade optical and Photothermal Spectroscopy Group(GEoF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of São Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,w.ich has been little explored in the ***,the present w.rk investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped w.th Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by.optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity.of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped w.th higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,w.ich is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio optical thermometry Judd-ofelt Rare earths

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Microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading w.th different prestrain levels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： y.H.Zhang H.Li Z.w.yang X.Liu Q.F.Gu State Key Laboratory.of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory.of High-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy(SMA)is a promising material in the aerospace field due to its w.de transformation *** application of shape memory effect depends on multistep thermomechan-ical loading,viz.,low.temperature deformation and subsequent heating to ***-temperature deformation prestrain plays a pivotal role in shape memory properties tailoring of SMA ***,microstructure evolution and deformation mechanisms of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SMA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still *** this end,microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading w.th prestrain levels of 8%-16%at-28℃(M_(s)+30℃)w.re *** results demonstrate that the stress-strain curve of the specimen exhibits four distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of 16%.w.ereas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of∼8%and∼12%,*** stageⅡ,the stress-induced martensitic transformation is accompanied by the dislocation slip of the NiTi matrix andβ-Nb *** stageⅢ,in addition to the higher density.of dislocations and further grow.h of stress-induced martensite variants(SIMVs),(001)compound tw.ns are introduced as a result of the(001)deformation tw.nning in stress-induced ***{20-1}martensite tw.ns are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,after subsequent unloading and heating,a higher density.ofoaustenite tw.ns form in the specimen w.th a larger prestrain of 16%.w.th increasing prestrain from 8%to 16%,the recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon heating increases first and then ***ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of 7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%*** increase ofε_(re)^(T)can be attributed to the formation of new.SIMVs,the further grow.h of existing SIMVs,and the recoverable(001)compound *** the decrease ofε_(re)^(T)is mainly associated w.th the irrecoverable strain by{20−1}martensite *** effe

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy w.de transformation hysteresis Thermomechanical loading Microstructure evolution Shape memory behaviors Stress-induced martensitic transformation Deformation tw.nning

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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.J.Hall o.Hetherington T.w.Buggey T.Arnold M.w.J.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite w.ll be bombarded by radiation w.ich gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s w.thin the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCDs have been characterised,the tw. flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show.that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re w.ich increases in size w.th tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is w.thin the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications w.en ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades w.th temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered w.en binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

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Perturbations in the earthw.rm metabolite profile during a tw.-w.ek exposure to metformin

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 221-229页

作者： J.D.Gillis G.w.Price S.o.Prasher Department of Bioresource Engineering McGill UniversityFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMacdonald-Stewart Building MS1-02721111 Lakeshore RoadSainte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Department of Engineering Dalhousie UniversityFaculty of Agriculture39 Cox RoadPO Box 550TruroNova ScotiaB2N 5E3Canada

Metformin is among the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in many countries,and as a result has show. up in biosolids derived from municipal w.stew.ter treatment that are destined for land *** humans taking metformin,the effects include reduced glucose uptake in the intestine,a reduction in gluconeogenesis,increased oxidation of fatty acids,and reduced fatty acid *** effects of metformin on soil-dw.lling organisms are not w.ll *** study tested the effects of metformin exposure(0,10,40,160,640μg g^(-1))on the earthw.rm(***)at four time points(6 h,2 d,7 d,and 14 d)using GC-MS to reveal sub-lethal effects and elucidate potential modes of action for *** w.re no mortalities observed,and earthw.rms exposed to the highest concentrations(160 and 640μg g^(-1))gained w.ight relative to the control on days 7 and *** reductions on day 7 w.re observed for glucose and malic acid(consistent w.th a reduction in gluconeogenesis),and for palmitic and margaric acid(consistent w.th increased oxidation and reduced synthesis of fatty acids).Lactic acid ranked first and second among canonicals 1 and 2 respectively and led to significant differences in discriminant scores across concentration and *** levels increased to equal or greater than the control on day 14,likely caused by reduced exposure as metformin is reported to be readily transformed by microorganisms under aerobic *** observations w.re consistent w.th the know. effects of metformin in humans,and suggests that a similar mode of action exists in earthw.rms.

关键词： Metabolites Toxicity Earthw.rms Metformin GC-MS

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