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Calibration of the Solar X-ray Detector on-board the Macao Science Satellite-1B for Soft X-ray Detection

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 11-26页

作者： Man-Hei ng Xiaoping ZHAng Jianwu CHEN yongqiang SHI Fuchang ZUO Wenxi PEng Weichun FU liansheng lI Pengwei lUO Chi-long TAng Guozheng ZHAng Zhiwu MEI li wang Cunhui lI Jiaming OU yanyan XU State Key laboratory of lunar and Planetary Sciences Macau University of Science and Technology China National Space Administration (CNSA) Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception laboratory Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics laboratory Lanzhou Institute of Physics

The Solar X-ray Detector(SXD) on-board the Macao Science Satellite-1B(MSS-1B) was successfully launched via the Chinese long March-2C rocket on 21 May 2023, and commenced operations in early June of the same year. The MSS-1B/Soft X-ray Detection Units(SXDUs) employ two silicon drift detectors(SDDs), providing a wide range of energy spectra spanning from 0.7 to 24 keV. Notably, the SXDUs deliver a high-resolution capability of 0.14 keV@5.9 keV and operate with a time cadence of 1 second. Here, we perform thorough calibrations of the MSS-1B/SXDUs, employing a combination of ground experiments and simulations. In addition, quantitative analysis comparing the flux measurements obtained by the MSS-1B/SXDUs to the data collected by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite(GOES), provides compelling evidence of their consistency. Furthermore, the preliminary spectral analysis results showcase the robustness and expected performance of the MSS-1B/SXDUs, unlocking their potential for facilitating the study of dynamic evolution of solar flares. Moreover, the innovative MSS-1B/Solar X-ray Detector facilitates concurrent observations of solar soft and hard X-rays, thereby making valuable contributions to the advancements in solar research.

关键词： Macao Science Satellite-1B (MSS-1B) Calibration Solar X-Ray Detector Spectrometer Soft X-rays Solar flares Solar abundances

Dual modulation of homogeneous nanomaterialization and electrochemical activation enhancing zinc ion storage

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 385-393页

作者： Jianwei wang Huan wang Kangning wang Wenhui wang Wenlin Zhang yanzhong Zhen School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yan'an University

Vanadium-based electrode materials are widely investigated,but the low specific capacity and slow electrochemical kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries still limit their commercial ***,the VS2/Ca V4O9material with the morphology of nanoflower was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal *** to the blocky structure of pure VS2material,the VS2/Ca V4O9material is composed of thinner homogeneous *** open structures could provide abundant electrochemical active sites and ion transport channels,and then promote the electrochemical reaction *** addition,they can also buffer the bulk strain during the reaction *** improve the utilization of vanadium elements,an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy is used to explore the storage performance of the VS2/Ca V4O9material,the different activation voltage range of 0.4–1.6 and 0.4–1.4 V are selected,*** with the longer activation plateau of activated-VS2,the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode could quickly reach the activation state in the range of 1.4–1.6 V and cause the release of additional Zn storage sites *** VS2/Ca V4O9cathode delivers a higher power density of 37,000 W kg-1and a significant energy density of 423 Wh *** the high current density of 15 A g-1,the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode still has a discharge capacity of 183.9m Ah g-1after 5,000 cycles,and the capacity decay rate per cycle is only 0.0042%.Continuous cyclic voltammetry （CV） curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements,density functional theory （DFT） calculation and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique （GITT） measurements demonstrate that the VS2/Ca V4O9cathode has a faster ion diffusion/charge transfer ***,the assembled flexible device has an excellent mechanical stability.

关键词： dual modulation homogeneous nanomaterialization electrochemical activation zinc ion storage

An Iterated Greedy Algorithm with Memory and learning Mechanisms for the Distributed Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 371-388页

作者： Binhui wang Hongfeng wang College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

The distributed permutation flow shop scheduling problem(DPFSP)has received increasing attention in recent *** iterated greedy algorithm(IGA)serves as a powerful optimizer for addressing such a problem because of its straightforward,single-solution evolution ***,a potential draw-back of IGA is the lack of utilization of historical information,which could lead to an imbalance between exploration and exploitation,especially in large-scale *** a consequence,this paper develops an IGA with memory and learning mechanisms(MlIGA)to efficiently solve the DPFSP targeted at the ***,we incorporate a memory mechanism to make a more informed selection of the initial solution at each stage of the search,by extending,reconstructing,and reinforcing the information from previous *** addition,we design a twolayer cooperative reinforcement learning approach to intelligently determine the key parameters of IGA and the operations of the memory ***,to ensure that the experience generated by each perturbation operator is fully learned and to reduce the prior parameters of MlIGA,a probability curve-based acceptance criterion is proposed by combining a cube root function with custom *** last,a discrete adaptive learning rate is employed to enhance the stability of the memory and *** ablation experiments are utilized to verify the effectiveness of the memory mechanism,and the results show that this mechanism is capable of improving the performance of IGA to a large ***,through comparative experiments involving MlIGA and five state-of-the-art algorithms on 720 benchmarks,we have discovered that MlI-GA demonstrates significant potential for solving large-scale *** indicates that MlIGA is well-suited for real-world distributed flow shop scheduling.

关键词： Distributed permutation flow shop scheduling makespan iterated greedy algorithm memory mechanism cooperative reinforcement learning

Controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide by organic ion pair: novel approach to isotactic-rich and crystalline polylactide

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 394-402页

作者： Zhiqiang Ding Mingqian wang Zijing Zhou Bin wang yuesheng li Tianjin Key laboratory of Composite & Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University

living/controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization （ROP） of l-lactide is a promising approach to isotactic-rich and crystalline poly（l-lactide）.In contrast with the unsubstituted lactones,l-lA can not be polymerized by organic lewis acids or carbenium ions,and the state of the art in this field is the cationic ROP of l-lA catalyzed by Br?nsted acid/alcohol system via activated monomer ***,we reported the first example of controlled cationic ROP of l-lA by using Meerweintype ion pair[Me3O]+[B（C6F5）4]-as the catalyst.[Me3O]+[B（C6F5）4]-promoted rapid l-lA cationic polymerization in the absence of alcohol,producing isotactic-rich and crystalline PllA without transesterification and epimerization side *** activated chain end mechanism,involving twice SN2 substitution and configuration-inversion （S→R→S） with the assistance of released Me2O,was proposed and further verified by density functional theory and control *** work expands the catalytic toolbox of isotactic-rich and crystalline polylactide *** represents a unique example of cationic-controlled polymerization of l-lA catalyzed by an organic ion pair.

关键词： organic ion pair controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization activated chain end mechanism isotactic-rich polylactide

Impact of Startup Strategy and Buffer Tank Volume on the Compressor Inlet State for a 3-MW sCO2 Brayton Cycle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 159-175页

作者： ZHAO Decai wang Bo Key laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power Institute of Engineering Thermophysics(IET)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The supercritical carbon dioxide（sCO2） Brayton cycle system has become an emerging and highly promising method of thermal power conversion due to its efficiency advantage,system compactness,and excellent adaptability of the heat *** the low carbon sCO2Brayton cycle testbed with cycle output power approaching 3 MW,a relatively detailed dynamic simulation model of the entire system is constructed to explore the dynamic response characteristics of the system with different startup strategies and different buffer tank volumes during the startup *** simulation results indicate that the smaller the volume of the buffer tank,the more rapid and obvious the parameter fluctuation in the buffer tank during the *** the allowable relative deviation limit of density is 5%,then the ratio of the buffer tank volume to the volume of the entire closed loop should not be lower than 36.80%.The strategy of simultaneous temperature and speed increase during turbine bypass start can effectively reduce the fluctuation of compressor inlet parameters and reach the steady-state more *** paper provides the recommended matching table for the opening of the turbine bypass valve（TBV） and the main regulating valve（MGV） to reduce the parameter fluctuation during the bypass *** effectiveness of the proposed turbine bypass and bypass switching startup strategy is verified by simulation,which may be used as a reference for test bench's future debugging and operation.

关键词： buffer tank dynamic characteristic dynamic model sCO2 Brayton cycle startup strategy

The Hilbert expansion of the Boltzmann equation in the incompressible Euler level in a channel

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期68卷 39-88页

作者： Feimin Huang Weiqiang wang yong wang Feng Xiao Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Computing and Stochastic Mathematics (Ministry of Education) School of Mathematics and StatisticsHunan Normal University

The study of the hydrodynamic limit of the Boltzmann equation with physical boundary is a challenging problem due to the appearance of the viscous and Knudsen boundary *** this paper,the hydrodynamic limit from the Boltzmann equation with the specular reflection boundary condition to the incompressible Euler equations in a channel is *** on the multi-scaled Hilbert expansion,the equations with boundary conditions and compatibility conditions for interior solutions,and viscous and Knudsen boundary layers are derived under different scaling,***,some uniform estimates for the interior solutions,and viscous and Knudsen boundary layers are *** the help of the l2-l∞framework and the uniform estimates obtained above,the solutions to the Boltzmann equation are constructed by the truncated Hilbert expansion with multiscales,and hence the hydrodynamic limit in the incompressible Euler level is justified.

关键词： Boltzmann equation incompressible Euler equations hydrodynamic limit Hilbert expansion specular reflection boundary condition viscous boundary layer Knudsen boundary layer

Antithetical impacts of deleterious lRP1B mutations in non-squamous and squamous NSClCs on predicting benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitor alone or with chemotherapy over chemotherapy alone: retrospective analyses of the POPlAR/OAK and CHOICE-01 trial

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Science China life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 249-262页

作者： Jinliang wang Wenyong Zhou yu Xu Jianchun Duan Qiaoxia Zhou Guoqiang wang leo li Chunwei Xu Wenxian wang Shangli Cai Zhijie wang Jie wang Department of Oncology The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Chest HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University Burning Rock Biotech CAMS Key laboratory of Translational Research on lung Cancer State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyDepartment of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for ancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC) Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Clinical Trial The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)

In non-small cell lung cancers,the non-squamous and squamous subtypes（nsqNSClC and sqNSClC） exhibit disparities in pathophysiology,tumor immunology,and potential genomic correlates affecting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor（ICI）-based *** our inhouse training cohort（n=85）,the presence of the lRP1B deleterious mutation（lRP1B-del） was associated with longer and shorter progression-free survival（PFS） on ICIs alone in nsqNSClCs and sqNSClCs,respectively(Pinteraction=0.008).These results were validated using a larger public ICI cohort(n=208,Pinteractionltiplex immunofluorescence staining revealed an association between lRP1B-del and increased and decreased numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in nsqNSClCs（P=0.040） and sqNSClCs（P=0.014）,*** the POPlAR/OAK cohort,nsqNSClCs with lRP1B-del demonstrated improved PFS benefits from atezolizumab over docetaxel(hazard ratio（HR）=0.70,P=0.046),whereas this benefit was negligible in those without lRP1B-del（HR=1.05,P=0.64）.Conversely,sqNSClCs without lRP1B-del benefited more from atezolizumab（HR=0.60,P=0.002） than those with lRP1B-del（HR=1.30,P=0.31）.Consistent results were observed in the in-house CHOICE-01 cohort,in which nsqNSClCs with lRP1B-del and sqNSClCs without lRP1B-del benefited more from toripalimab plus chemotherapy than from chemotherapy alone(Pinteraction=0.008).This multi-cohort study delineates the antithetical impacts of lRP1B-del in nsqNSClCs and sqNSClCs on predicting the benefits from ICI alone or with chemotherapy over chemotherapy *** findings highlight the distinct clinical utility of lRP1B-del in guiding treatment choices for nsqNSClCs and sqNSClCs,emphasizing the necessity for a detailed analysis based on pathological subtypes when investigating biomarkers for cancer therapeutics.

关键词： non-squamous NSClC squamous NSClC lRP1B deleterious mutations predictive biomarker immune checkpoint inhibitor

Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42–induced gene expression in human monocyte–derived microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 873-886页

作者： ying wang Xiang Zhang Henrik Biverstål Nicolas GBazan Shuai Tan Nailin li Makiko Ohshima Marianne Schultzberg Xiaofei li Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences&SocietyDivision of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Neuroscience Center of Excellence Louisiana State UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Medicine SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β maresin microglia monocyte neuroinflammation resolution RNA-sequencing specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator

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Quickly obtaining densely dispersed coherent particles in steel matrix and its related mechanical property

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 111-118页

作者： Xiaoxiao wang Qingsong Huang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Densely distributed coherent nanoparticles(DCN)in steel matrix can enhance the work-hardening ability and ductility of steel *** the routes to this end can be generally classified into the liquid-solid route and the solid-solid ***,the formation of DCN structures in steel requires long processes and complex *** far,obtaining steel with coherent particle enhancement in a short time remains a bottleneck,and some necessary steps remain ***,we show a high-efficiency liquid-phase refining process reinforced by a dynamic magnetic ***-y-Mn-O particles had an average size of around(3.53±1.21)nm and can be obtained in just around 180 *** small nanoparticles were coherent with the matrix,implying no accumulated dislocations between the particles and the steel *** findings have a potential application for improving material machining capacity,creep resistance,and radiation resistance.

关键词： ferritic steels coherent particles microstructure compression test work hardening

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