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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda zhang Weimin yuan Zhixing ling yong Chen nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang lei yang Bing zhang Chen zhang Shuang-nan zhang yonghe zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua lei Wenxiong li Bifang liu Mingjun liu Xing liu yuan liu Zhu liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu yanjun Xu Suijian Xue yongquan Xue Zijian zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen yehai Chen yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui li Junfei li longhui li Maoshun li Wei li Zhengda li Tianying lian Congzhan liu Heyang liu Huaqiu liu Fangjun lu laidan luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan liming Song Hui Sun yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang lei Wang Wenxin Wang y.l.ng Wang yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue y.l.ng Xue Ailiang yan Haonan yang Xiongtao yang yanji yang Juan zhang Mo zhang Wenjie zhang Zhen zhang Zhen zhang Ziliang zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou y.l.n Zhou yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu national Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University nevada Center for Astrophysics University of nevada las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of nevada las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CnRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWn) niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of new Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology InAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,nICER,GROnD,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and nICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

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Comparison of microstructure and mechanical behavior of Ti-35nb manufactured by laser powder bed fusion from elemental powder mixture and prealloyed powder

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 1-16页

作者： J.C.Wang y.J.liu S.X.liang y.S.zhang l.Q.Wang T.B.Sercombe l.C.zhang School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA 6027Australia School of Engineering M050The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyPerthWA 6009Australia northwest Institute for nonferrous Metal Research Xi’an 710016China State Key laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Although different types of powder feedstock are used for additive manufacturing via laser powder bed fusion(l-PBF),limited work has attempted to directly compare the microstructure and mechanical behavior of components manufactured from those powder *** work investigated the microstructure,phase composition,melt pool morphology,and mechanical properties of a prealloyed Ti-35nb alloy manufactured using l-PBF and compared these to their counterparts produced from elemental powder *** samples manufactured from the powder mixture are composed of randomly distributed undissolved nb in theα/βmatrix,resulting from the unstable melt pool during the melting of the powder *** contrast,parts produced from prealloyed powder display a homogeneous microstructure withβandαphases,owing to the full melting of prealloyed powder,therefore,a more stable melt pool to achieve a homogeneous *** Ti-35nb manufactured from prealloyed powder exhibits large tensile ductility(about 10 times that of the counterparts using mixed powder),attributed to the high homogeneity in microstructure and chemical composition,strong interface bonding,relatively low oxygen content,and the existence of a large amount ofβ*** work sheds insights into understanding the effect of powder feedstock on the melt pool stability therefore the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the resultant parts.

关键词： Titanium-niobium Powder bed fusion Additive manufacturing Melt pool stability Microstructure Mechanical properties

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FHl2 deficiency aggravates Candida albicans infection through decreased myelopoiesis

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Science China life Sciences 2025年

作者： Rongmei Gao Kanchao Chen yimin Wang Rongxia Guo Xiaoyu zhang Peng Wu Weili Wang Qingxiang Huang Xuemei Xie Shangda yang yanling lü Qian Ren Fei liu Song Chen Fengxia Ma Tao Cheng Hui Cheng State Key laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine

Hematopoiesis is a finely tuned process that generates all blood cell types through self-renewal and differentiation, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Acute infections can prompt a hematopoietic response known as emergency myelopoiesis. In this study, using a Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection model, we demonstrated for the first time that disruption of Fhl2 led to increased fungal burden,heightened inflammatory response and reduced survival rates. Impaired myeloid hematopoiesis and immune cell production were evident, as proved by the decreased numbers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and granulocytes in the bone marrow of Fhl2-deficient mice. In conclusion, FHl2 regulated emergency myelopoiesis in response to C. albicans, affecting the host’s defense against pathogens.

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Reduced mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor contributes to neurodegeneration in a model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy pathology

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2655-2666页

作者： yiyang Qin Wenzhen Zhu Tingting Guo yiran zhang Tingting Xing Peng yin Shihua li Xiao-Jiang li Su yang Guangdong Key laboratory of non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong–HongKong–Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease caused by extended CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene,which encodes a ligand-dependent transcription facto *** mutant androgen receptor protein,characterized by polyglutamine expansion,is prone to misfolding and forms aggregates in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in the brain in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy *** aggregates alter protein-protein interactions and compromise transcriptional *** this study,we reported that in both cultured n2a cells and mouse brain,mutant androgen receptor with polyglutamine expansion causes reduced expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-de rived neurotrophic *** n of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor amelio rated the neurotoxicity of mutant androgen receptor through the inhibition of mutant androgen receptor *** down endogenous mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain exacerbated neuronal damage and mutant androgen receptor *** findings suggest that inhibition of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor is a potential mechanism underlying neurodegeneration in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

关键词： androgen receptor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor mouse model neurodegeneration neuronal loss neurotrophic factor polyglutamine disease protein misfolding spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy transcription factor

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Statistical moment-based structural damage detection method in time domain

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： J.zhang y.l.Xu J.li y.Xia J.C.li Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Building Engineering Tongji University Faculty of Engineering University of Technology Sydney

A novel structural damage detection method with a new damage index,i.e.,the statistical moment-based damage detection（SMBDD） method in the frequency domain,has been recently *** aim of this study is to extend the SMBDD method in the frequency domain to the time domain for building structures subjected to non-Gaussian and non-stationary *** applicability and effectiveness of the SMBDD method in the time domainis verified both numerically and *** buildings with various damage scenarios are first numerically investigated in the time domain taking into account the effect of measurement *** applicability of the proposed method in the time domain to building structures subjected to non-Gaussian and non-stationary excitations is then experimentally investigated through a series of shaking table tests,in which two three-story shear building models with four damage scenarios *** identified damage locations and severities are then compared with the preset *** comparative results are found to be satisfactory,and the SMBDD method is shown to be feasible and effective for building structures subjected to non-Gaussian and non-stationary excitations.

关键词： damage detection statistical moment time domain non-Gaussian non-stationary experimental investigation

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Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

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nano-Micro letters 2025年第1期17卷 205-215页

作者： Cong Geng Kuanxiang zhang Changhua Wang Chung Hsien Wu Jiwen Jiang Fei long liyuan Han Qifeng Han yi‑Bing Cheng yong Peng State Key laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China Triumph Photovoltaic Materials Co. Ltd.No.1001 Yannan AvenueHigh‑Tech Development DistrictBengbuAnhui 233000People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China State Key laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)***,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device *** this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK *** addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and n,n-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain ***,liF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing *** a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our *** validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.

关键词： PVK/CIGS TSCs Irregular rough surfaces Modulating the growth PVK/C60 interface recombination

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Fabrication of carbon-supported Al2O3 nanoparticles via spontaneous cross-linking to enhance selective hydrogenation of furfural

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 612-620页

作者： Weiwei yu Xinbao zhang Hongyu Chen yanan Wang Shaoguo li Fucun Chen Zhenni liu Xiujie li Xiangxue Zhu State Key laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol is a great challenge in the hydrogenation field due to thermodynamic preference for hydrogenation of C=C over C=***,a novel Al2O3/C-u hybrid catalyst,composed of n-modified dendritic carbon networks supporting Al2O3nanoparticles,was successfully prepared via carbonizing the freeze-dried gel from spontaneous cross-linking of alginate,Al3+and *** obtained carbon-supported Al2O3hybrid catalyst has a high ratio （31%） of Al species in pentahedral-coordinated *** introduction of urea enhances the surface n content,the ratio of pyrrolic n,and specific surface area of catalyst,leading to improved adsorption capacity of C=O and the accessibility of active *** the furfural hydrogenation reaction with isopropyl alcohol as hydrogen donor,Al2O3/C-u catalyst achieved a 90%conversion of furfural with 98.0% selectivity to furfuryl alcohol,outperforming that of commercial γ-***,Al2O3/C-u demonstrates excellent catalytic stability in the recy.l.ng tests attributed to the synergistic effect of abundant weak lewis acid sites and the anchoring effect of the carbon network on *** work provides an innovative and facile strategy for fabrication of carbon-supported Al2O3hybrid catalysts with rich AlVspecies,serving as a high selective hydrogenation catalyst through MPV reaction route.

关键词： Selective hydrogenation Furfural Furfuryl alcohol Cross-linking Carbon supported Al 2 O 3 MPV route

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Shock compression and spallation damage of high-entropy alloy Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 1-9页

作者： n.B.zhang J.Xu Z.D.Feng y.F.Sun J.y.Huang X.J.Zhao X.H.yao S.Chen l.lu S.n.luo Key laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of EducationSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China The Peac Institute of Multiscale Sciences Chengdu 610031China Department of Engineering Mechanics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Shock compression and spallation damage of a face-center cubic phase high-entropy alloy(HEA)Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni were investigated via plate impact experiments along with free surface velocity *** samples were characterized with transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter *** Hugoniot equation of state and spall strength at different impact strengths were *** exists a power-law relation between spall strength and strain *** spall strength of Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni HEA is about 50%higher than those of previously studied HEAs and comparable to those widely applied structural stainless steels at the same shock *** glide and stacking faults are the important deformation mechanisms in the Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni *** are only observed at high shock *** in the Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni HEA is ductile in *** are nucleated preferentially in grain interiors,and the intragranular voids show a strong dependence on grain boundary misorientation and peak stress.

关键词： Al_(0.1)CoCrFeni High-entropy alloy Hugoniot Spall damage Microstructure

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Involvement of heterotrimeric G protein in signal transduc-tion of extracellular calmodu-lin in regulating rbcS expression

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第9期46卷 761-765页

作者： Guo, y Ma, lG zhang, l Sun, Dy Hebei normal Univ Inst Mol Cell Biol Shijiazhuang 050016 Peoples R China

The role of heterotrimeric G protein in signal transduction pathway of extracellular calmodulin in regulating rbcS expression was examined in suspension-cultured cells of transgenic tobacco. Pharmalogical experiments indicated that G protein agonist cholera toxin enhanced rbcS expression and heterotrimeric G protein antagonist pertussis toxin inhibited rbcS expression in transgenic tobacco cells. Pertussis toxin also inhibited the enhancement effect caused by exogenous purified calmodulin on rbcS expression, whereas cholera toxin completely reversed the inhibitory effects caused by anti-calmodulin serum on rbcS expression. The right side-out vesicles from tobacco cell membrane were purified, which contained all of substrates for fluometric assay of GTPase activity. Exogenous purified calmodulin, when adding directly to the medium of plasma membrane vesicles, significantly activated GTPase activity in the right side-out plasma membrane vesicles, and this increase in GTPase activity was completely

关键词： extracellular calmodulin heterotrimeric G proteins rbcS expression.

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Designing hetero-structured ultra-strong and ductile Zr-2.5nb alloys:Utilizing the grain size-dependent martensite transformation during quenching

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 198-211页

作者： S.y.liu J.y.zhang J.Kuang X.y.Bao D.D.zhang C.l.zhang J.K.yang G.liu J.Sun State Key laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

To further improve the service performance of Zr-2.5nb alloy worked as pressure tubes in pressurized heavy water reactors,more investigation about the microstructure and thermomechanical processing route of Zr-2.5nb alloy need to be *** this work,a hetero-structured Zr-2.5nb alloy was prepared by applying a novel *** analysis reveals that the alloy exhibits a grain sizedependent martensite substructure transition during post-rolling *** hetero-structure consists of equiaxed primaryαgrains and the lamellae groups containing both parallelα’dislocation martensite andα’twin *** with the previously reported Zr-nb alloys,the present Zr-2.5nb alloys manifest the highest yield strength(∼710 MPa),together with a high ultimate tensile strength(∼844 MPa)and good ductility(∼17.1%).The enhanced mechanical properties are found to arise from the properly controlled fraction/size of the two types of martensite,which not only significantly strengthens the alloy but also contributes to a stronger strain hardening.A model based on the grain-size-dependent critical resolved shear stress for dislocation slip and twinning has been proposed to explain theα’martensite substructures transition at a critical grain size dc=3.3μ*** this size,the critical resolved shear stress(CRSS)for twinning is higher than that for the***,theα’dislocation martensite is more favorable to ***,theα’twin martensite would exhibit a high *** present work indicates that making use of the grain size-dependent martensite transformation to tailor the heterostructure in Zr alloys is an effective strategy to overcome the strength–ductility trade-off in the material.

关键词： Zr-nb alloys Heterogeneous structure Martensitic transformation Grain size Strength

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