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Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1721-1734页

作者： Xirong Xu Shoumin Xuan Shuai Chen Dan Liu Qian Xiao jie tu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation for Neurological Diseases Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with ***, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaABC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. Moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal *** knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was ob

关键词： anxiety astrocytes basolateral amygdala behavior dihydrokainic acid excitatory amino acid transporter 2 fiber photometry glutamate LDN-212320 transporter

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Dynamical intricacy and average sample complexity of amenable group actions

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Science China Mathematics 2022年第6期65卷 1247-1266页

作者： jie Li Siming tu School of Mathematics and Statistics Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China School of Mathematics(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

In 2018,Petersen and Wilson introduced the notion of dynamical intricacy and average sample complexity for dynamical systems of Z-action,based on the past works on the notion of intricacy in the research of brain network and probability *** one wants to take into account underlying system geometry in applications,more general group actions may need to be taken into *** this paper,we consider this notion in the case of amenable group *** show that many basic properties in the Z-action case remain *** also show that their suprema over covers or partitions are equal to the amenable topological entropy and the measure entropy,using the quasitiling technique in the theory of the amenable group.

关键词： intricacy average sample complexity topological entropy amenable group

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Density-equicontinuity and Density-sensitivity

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2021年第2期37卷 345-361页

作者： jie LI Si Ming tu School of Mathematics and Statistics Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116P.R.China School of Mathematics(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082P.R.China

In this paper we introduce the notions of(Banach) density-equicontinuity and densitysensitivity. On the equicontinuity side, it is shown that a topological dynamical system is densityequicontinuous if and only if it is Banach density-equicontinuous. On the sensitivity side, we introduce the notion of density-sensitive tuple to characterize the multi-variant version of density-sensitivity. We further look into the relation of sequence entropy tuple and density-sensitive tuple both in measuretheoretical and topological setting, and it turns out that every sequence entropy tuple for some ergodic measure on an invertible dynamical system is density-sensitive for this measure;and every topological sequence entropy tuple in a dynamical system having an ergodic measure with full support is densitysensitive for this measure.

关键词： Density equicontinuity density sensitivity sequence entropy

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Xenon poisoning calculation code for miniature neutronsource reactor (MNSR)

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2001年第2期12卷 135-142页

作者： KEGuo－tu LIZhun－jie ChinaInstituteofAtomicEnergy Beijing102413 RaoyanNo.2MiddleSchoolofHebeiProvince Raoyan053827

In line with the actual requirements and based upon the specific characteristics of MNSR, a revised point-reactor model was adopted to model MNSR’s xenon poisoning. The corresponding calculation code, MNSRXPCC (Xenon... 详细信息

关键词：中子源反应堆氙中毒计算机软件

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The Effect of NMR Setting Parameters on Molecular Weight Determination of Polyether Diols

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第11期42卷 1730-1737,I0010页

作者： Shu-jie Huang Xiao-Hong Li ying-Feng tu Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)is an advanced technique for the molecular weight(MW)determination of polymers at quantitative *** this study,we investigate the effect of liquid^(1)H-NMR instrumental setting parameters on the MW determination of polyether diols,namely poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)and poly(tetramethylene oxide)(PTMO)diols,using hydroxymethylene groups as *** results show that the protons in chain-ends have larger spin-lattice relaxation time(T_(1))than those in main *** let most of the excited protons relax to the equilibrium state,the delay time(d_(1))should be much larger than T_(1)of ***^(13)C decoupling is inactive,the relative errors can be greater than 60%,due to the^(13)C-coupled proton satellite peaks,which can overlap with chain-end groups or be misassigned as *** optimal quantitative NMR conditions for the MW estimation of polyethers are revealed below:standard pulse with inverted gated^(13)C decoupling pulse sequence,32 scans,2.0 s acquisition time in 90 degree of flip angle and 30 s d_(1).The MWs determined from^(1)H quantitative NMR are all smaller than those from SEC which are relative to polystyrene(PS)standards,since the size of polyether chains is larger than that of PS with the same *** addition,the MW obtained from SEC for PTMOs shows larger overestimation than PEGs,suggesting PEG chains are more flexible than PTMO’s.

关键词： End-group analysis Molecular weight NMR Polyether Decoupling

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The Effect of Trifluoroacetic Acid on Molecular Weight Determination of Polyesters:An in Situ NMR Investigation

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年第12期39卷 1590-1596页

作者： yan-yan tu Xue-Ting Wan jie Huan Xiang Zhu Xiao-Hong Li ying-Feng tu State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Due to the poor solubility of aromatic polyesters in comm on orga nic solve nts,trifluoroacetic acid is usually used as a co-solve nt to increase their solubility for ***,only few studies have reported the side reactions induced by *** present here the application of in situ 1H-NMR techniques to explore its effect on the hydroxyl end-groups,which are usually used for the molecular weight determination of polyesters by end-group estimation *** bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate(BHET)as model compound,quantitative NMR results show the peak integration of hydroxyethyl end-groups decreased with time via a pseudo-first-order kinetics in d-trifluoroacetic acid/d-chloroform mixture solvent(1:10,V:V).This is due to the esterification of hydroxyethyl groups with trifluoroacetic acid,revealed by the H-^(13)C gradient-enhanced heteronuclear multiple bond correlation(gHMBC)*** mixtures of dimethyl terephthalate and BHET with different molar ratios were used to represent poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)with different degrees of polymerization,and the effect of trifluoroacetic acid on the estimation of hydroxyethyl groups and subsequent molecular weight determination of polyesters was *** results show that if a relative error of 5%is allowed,the NMR measurements must be finished within 1.3 h of solution preparation at 25℃ in the mixture solve *** results were confirmed in PET sample,while in poly(ethyle ne adipate),the obtained esterifaction con stant is faster that those in aromatic *** results can be applied to other polymer systems with alcohol functionalized groups,and used as a guideline for the characterization of polyesters and polyethers by end-group estimation method.

关键词： Polyesters NMR spectroscopy Trifluoroacetic acid Molecular weight

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Uncertainties in stormwater runoff data collection from a small urban catchment, Southeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1703-1709页

作者： Jinliang Huan Zhenshun tu Pengfei Du jie Lin Qingsheng Li Environmental Science Research Center Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Fujian Institute of Oceanography Xiamen 361012 China

Monitoring data are often used to identify stormwater runoff characteristics and in stormwater runoff modelling without consideration of their inherent uncertainties. Integrated with discrete sample analysis and error propagation analysis, this study attempted to quantify the uncertainties of discrete chemical oxygen demand （COD）, total suspended solids （TSS） concentration, stormwater flowrate, stormwater event volumes, COD event mean concentration （EMC）, and COD event loads in terms of flow measurement, sample collection, storage and laboratory analysis. The results showed that the uncertainties due to sample collection, storage and laboratory analysis of COD from stormwater runoff are 13.99%, 19.48% and 12.28%. Meanwhile, flow measurement uncertainty was 12.82%, and the sample collection uncertainty of TSS from stormwater runoff was 31.63%. Based on the law of propagation of uncertainties, the uncertainties regarding event flow volume, COD EMC and COD event loads were quantified as 7.03%, 10.26% and 18.47%.

关键词： urban stormwater runoff in-situ monitoring data uncertainty data collection

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Experimental Study of Nd^(3+):KGd(WO_(4))_(2) Laser Pumped by Laser Diode

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第3期13卷 178-181页

作者： ZHAO Ting-jie tu Chao-yang LUO Zun-du Fufian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002

This paper presents the cw output characteristics of Nd^(3+):KGd(WO_(4))_(2)(KGW)laser crystal with different NcP+concentration grown in our *** laser output at 1.067 μm of KGW crystal(3×3×6 mm)was obtained to be 6... 详细信息

关键词： pumped laser diode

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Hydrophobic epoxy resin coating with ionic liquid conversion pretreatment on magnesium alloy for promoting corrosion resistance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 9-18页

作者： Liting Guo Changdong Gu jie Feng yongbin Guo yuan Jin Jiangping tu School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310027China College of Materials Science&Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China Zotye Automobile Co.Ltd Hangzhou310018China

A hydrophobic epoxy resin coating with an environmental-friendly deep eutectic solvent(DES)-based conversion pretreatment was proposed to enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium *** hydrophobic epoxy resin coatings on the AZ31B magnesium alloy with and without the DES-based conversion pretreatment were thoroughly *** is found that the DES-based conversion film on the AZ31B magnesium alloy is mainly composed of MgH2,MgO and ***,the conversion film possesses porous structure,which provides more anchor points for the following epoxy resin ***,without the DES-conversion pretreatment,the epoxy resin is difficult to be attached on the substrate during the dip-coating *** double layered hybrid coating system promotes the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloys significantly,which can be ascribed to the unique architecture and component including the hydrophobicity of the surface layer,the dense and interlocked epoxy resin,and the corrosion resistant DES-based conversion pretreatment.

关键词： Mg alloy Deep eutectic solvent Corrosion resistance Double layered hybrid coating

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Small molecules for combating multidrug-resistant superbug Candida auris infections

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第11期12卷 4056-4074页

作者： jie tu Na Liu yahui Huang Wanzhen yang Chunquan Sheng School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Candida auris is emerging as a major global threat to human health. C. auris infections are associated with high mortality due to intrinsic multi-drug resistance. Currently, therapeutic options for the treatment of C. auris infections are rather limited. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of current strategies, drug candidates, and lead compounds in the discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents against C. auris. The drug resistance profiles and mechanisms are briefly summarized. The structures and activities of clinical candidates, drug combinations, antifungal chemosensitizers, repositioned drugs, new targets, and new types of compounds will be illustrated in detail, and perspectives for guiding future research will be provided. We hope that this review will be helpful to prompting the drug development process to combat this fungal pathogen.

关键词： Candidaauris Antifungal agents Drug resistance Virulence factors Antifungal targets

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