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STCf conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： M.Achasov X.C.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An X.Z.Bai y.Bai O.Bakina A.Barnyakov V.Blinov V.Bobrovnikov D.Bodrov A.Bogomyagkov A.Bondar I.Boyko Z.H.Bu f.M.Cai H.Cai J.J.Cao Q.H.Cao X.Cao Z.Cao Q.Chang K.T.Chao D.y.Chen H.Chen H.X.Chen J.f.Chen K.Chen L.L.Chen P.Chen S.L.Chen S.M.Chen S.Chen S.P.Chen W.Chen X.Chen X.f.Chen X.R.Chen y.Chen y.Q.Chen H.y.Cheng J.Cheng S.Cheng T.G.Cheng J.P.Dai L.y.Dai X.C.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko J.M.Dias D.Z.Ding L.y.Dong W.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du y.J.Du Z.G.Du L.M.Duan D.Epifanov y.L.fan S.S.fang Z.J.fang G.fedotovich C.Q.feng X.feng y.T.feng J.L.fu J.Gao y.N.Gao P.S.Ge C.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong B.Gou W.Gradl J.L.Gu A.Guevara L.C.Gui A.Q.Guo f.K.Guo J.C.Guo J.Guo y.P.Guo Z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.L.Han L.Han M.Han X.Q.Hao J.B.He S.Q.He X.G.He y.L.He Z.B.He Z.X.Heng B.L.Hou T.J.Hou y.R.Hou C.y.Hu H.M.Hu K.Hu R.J.Hu W.H.Hu X.H.Hu y.C.Hu J.Hua G.S.Huang J.S.Huang M.Huang Q.y.Huang W.Q.Huang X.T.Huang X.J.Huang y.B.Huang y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.Ivanov Q.P.Ji J.J.Jia S.Jia Z.K.Jia H.B.Jiang J.Jiang S.Z.Jiang J.B.Jiao Z.Jiao H.J.Jing X.L.Kang X.S.Kang B.C.Ke M.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin y.Lei E.Levichev C.H.Li C.Li D.y.Li f.Li G.Li G.Li H.B.Li H.Li H.N.Li H.J.Li H.L.Li J.M.Li J.Li L.Li L.Li L.y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.H.Li S.Li T.Li W.J.Li X.Li X.H.Li X.Q.Li X.H.Li y.Li y.y.Li Z.J.Li H.Liang J.H.Liang y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao y.Liao C.X.Lin D.X.Lin X.S.Lin B.J.Liu C.W.Liu D.Liu f.Liu G.M.Liu H.B.Liu J.Liu J.J.Liu J.B.Liu K.Liu K.y.Liu K.Liu L.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu T.Liu X.Liu y.W.Liu y.Liu y.L.Liu Z.Q.Liu Z.y.Liu Z.W.Liu I.Logashenko y.Long C.G.Lu J.X.Lu N.Lu Q.f.Lü y.Lu y.Lu Z.Lu P.Lukin f.J.Luo T.Luo X.f.Luo y.H.Luo H.J.Lyu X.R.Lyu J.P.Ma P.Ma y.Ma y.M.Ma f.Maas S.Malde D.Matvienko Z.X.Meng R.Mitchell A.Nefediev y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova X.Pan y.Pan E.Passemar y.P.Pei H.P.Peng L.Peng X.y.Peng X.J.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata B.B.Qi y.Q.Qi W.B.Qian y.Qian C.f.Qiao J.J.Qin J.J.Qin L.Q.Qin X.S.Qin T.L.Qiu J.Rademacker C.f.Redmer H.y.Sang Anhui University Hefei 230039China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne(EPfL) LausanneSwitzerland fudan University Shanghai 200433China Goethe University frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics Center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan University Huangshan 245000China Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced Science facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Jilin University Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STCf)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STCf will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the BEPCII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STCf project in China is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STCf,describes conceptual designs of the STCf detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STCf detector conceptual design

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Coupled estimation of the energy slope and associated sand-silt transport during high stream power events in alluvial rivers

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第1期28卷 58-65页

作者： N.HUyBRECHTS y.f.zhang M.A.VERBANCK Roberval Laboratory LHN(joint research unit UTC-CETMEF)UMR CNRS 7337Centre de recherches de RoyallieuB.P.2052960206 Compiegne CedexFrance yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission.No.45 Jinshui RoadZhengzhou cityHenan provinceChina Dept.Water Pollution Control Universite Libre de BruxellesCampus Plaine(CP 208)Boulevard du Triomphe1040 BrusselsBelgium

A coupled routing for the transport capacity and the energy slope is introduced through the definition of the control factor m whose value is linked to the bed form *** coupling aims to further incorporate the interactions occurring in alluvial rivers and thus enhance the prediction of the fine sediment fluxes,especially during high stream power *** on a predictive rule for the control factor m that only involves water depth,velocity and bedform constitutive texture,the novel method is confronted to observations collected in one of the most strongly dynamic alluvial river namely the Lower yellow *** between time series of measured and computed concentrations illustrate that during high velocity events the main dynamics of the sediment transport is correctly *** main advantage of the present approach is to supply consistent time evolutions of sediment concentrations without making use of any detailed shear information.

关键词： Energy slope Steam power Alluvial river Non-cohesive sediment Silt flushing

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STUDy ON THE TANTALIZING ON THE SURfACE Of TITANIUM ALLOy By NET-SHAPE CATHODE GLOW DISCHARGING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 375-379页

作者： f.Chen H.Zhou y.f.zhang J.D.Pan DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering BeijingInsistuteofPetro-ChemicalTechnologyBeijing102617China DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering BcijingInstituteofGraphicCommunicationBcijing102600China DepartmentofPressandPacking ResearchInstituteofSurfaceEngineeringTaiyuanUniversityofTechnologyTaiyuan030024China

A new net-shape cathode sputtering target which has a simple structure and a hig h sputtering was put forward. The multiple-structure made of alloying and coatin g layers of tantalum was achieved on the surface of TC4 (Ti6Al4V) using this met hod in double glow surface alloying process. The tantalized samples were investi gated by SEM, XRD and electrochemical corrosion method .Results show the complic ated tissue of pure tantalizing layer and diffusion layer was successfully forme d on the surface of TC4 with the method of net-shape cathode glow discharge, whi ch further improved the corrosion-resistance of TC4 and formed good corrosion-re sistant alloys.

关键词： TC4 (Ti6Al4V) cathode sputtering tantalizing

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Photovoltaic enhancement of Si solar cells by assembled carbon nanotubes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第1期2卷 22-25页

作者： y.f.zhang y.f.Wang N.Chen y.y.Wang y.Z.zhang Z.H.Zhou L.M.Wei Key laboratory for Thin film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education National Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Fabrication Technology Research Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Photovoltaic conversion was enhanced by directly assemble of a network of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) onto the surface of n-p junction silicon solar cells. When the density of SWNTs increased from 50 to 400 tubes μm^(-2), an enhancement of 3.92% in energy conversion efficiency was typically obtained. The effect of the SWNTs network is proposed for trapping incident photons and assisting electronic transportation at the interface of silicon solar cells.

关键词： Solar cell Carbon nanotube Photovoltaic enhancement Heterojunction

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INVESTIGATION ON fRACTURE BEHAVIOR fOR WELDED JOINT Of NEW GENERATION fINE GRAINED STEEL SS400

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2003年第1期16卷 35-40页

作者： H.y.Jing X.G.Liu Z.Q.Zhu L.X.Huo y.f.zhang Sch. of Mat. Sci. and Eng. Tianjin Univ. Tianjin 300072 China

The fracture behavior for welded joint of new generation fine grained steel SS400 was investigated and assessed on the basis of fitness for purpose philosophy. The actual critical defect sizes for the SS400 base metal and its weld HAZ (heat affected zone) defined by the gross yielding criterium have been determined directly by means of wide plate tests. It has been shown that although the HAZ grain growth occurs due to the welding heat, the resistance to fracture is not deteriorated. The deformation behavior of wide plate specimen was also studied by finite, element (fE) analysis. The deformation of weld HAZ is protected by the high strength weld metal, so it is easier to get the general yielding for the welded joint specimen.

关键词： fine grained steel general yielding wide plate test fracture behavior

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Synthesis of Ni nanowires via a hydrazine reduction route in aqueous ethanol solutions assisted by external magnetic fields

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Nano-Micro Letters 2009年第1期1卷 49-52页

作者： L.y.zhang J.Wang L.M.Wei P.Liu H.Wei y.f.zhang National Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro fabrication Technology Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education Institute of Micro and Nano Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

One-dimensional Ni nanostructures were synthesized via a hydrazine reduction route under external magnetic fields. The mixture of de-ionized water and ethanol was used as the reaction solvent and hydrazine hydrate as reducing agents. The morphology and properties of Ni nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM). It was found that the magnetic field strength, concentration of Ni ions,reaction time and temperature as well as p H values played key roles on formation, microstructures and magnetic properties of Ni nanowires. The optimal wires have diameter of ~200 nm and length up to ~200 μm. And their coercivity is ~260 Oe, which is much larger than the commercial Ni powders of 31 Oe. This work presents a simple, low-cost, environment-friendly and large-scale production approach to fabricate one-dimensional magnetic materials. The resulting materials may have potential applications in conductive filters, magnetic sensors and catalytic agents.

关键词： Ni fiber Hydrazine reduction Magnetic field Magnetic properties

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Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by S-doping

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Nano-Micro Letters 2009年第1期1卷 9-13页

作者： Z.J.Li L.Wang y.J.Su P.Liu y.f.zhang National Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro fabrication Technology Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education Research Institute of Micro/Nanometer Science & Technology Shanghai Jiaotong University

An approach was presented for synthesis of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) by sulfur(S) doping with the method of graphite arc discharge. Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electronic properties measurements indicated the semconducting properties of the SWNTs samples. Simulant calculation indicated that S doping could induce convertion of metallic SWNTs into semiconducting ones. This strategy may pave a way for the direct synthesis of pure semiconducting SWNTs.

关键词： S-doping Single-wall Carbon nanotubes Semiconducting Arc discharge

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The characterization of fe-rich phases in a high-pressure die cast hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第16期47卷 54-62页

作者： X.y.Jiao C.f.Liu Z.P.Guo G.D.Tong S.L.Ma y.Bi y.f.zhang S.M.Xiong School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China fAW foundary Co. LTDChangchun 130011China

Both microstructural characteristics and fracture behavior of fe-rich phases in a high-pressure die-cast hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy were *** was focused on the morphology and formation mechanism of fe-rich phases,together with their influence on *** show that primary ferich phases exhibited in blocky shape precipitated from liquid while secondary fe-rich phase in a large net shape was distributed along eutectic boundary participating in a ternary eutectic *** synchrotron X-ray tomography characterization,three fe-rich phases with different morphologies,i.e.,polyhedral shape,fine compact shape and Chinese script-type shape were extracted along the radial *** slow-shot speed promoted the polyhedral fe-rich phase to precipitate in slow-shot sleeve while decreased the formation of fine compact and Chinese script-type fe-rich phases in die *** of a worse deformation compatibility,polyhedral fe-rich phases fractured and became stress concentration sources before the failure of the casting.

关键词： Hypoeutectic Al-10Si fe-rich phases fracture morphology High pressure die casting

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li Ruo-yu Liu Ruizhi yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANfU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

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Preparation and growth mechanism of nickel nanowires under applied magnetic field

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第2期2卷 134-138页

作者： J.Wang L.y.zhang P.Liu T.M.Lan J.zhang L.M.Wei Eric Siu-Wai Kong C.H.Jiang y.f.zhang National Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro fabrication Technology Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education Institute of Micro and Nano Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Zhongyuan University of Technology

Nickel nanowires with large aspect ratio of up to 300 have been prepared by a hydrazine hydrate reduction method under applied magnetic field. The diameter of nickel nanowires is about 200 nm and length up to 60 μm. The role of magnetic field on the growth of magnetic nanowires is discussed and a magnetic nanowire growth mechanism has been proposed. Nickel ions are firstly reduced to nickel atoms by hydrazine hydrates in a strong alkaline solution and grow into tiny spherical nanoparticles. Then, these magnetic particles will align under a magnetic force and form linear chains. furthermore, the as-formed chains can enhance the local magnetic field and attract other magnetic particles nearby, resulting finally as linear nanowires. The formation and the size of nanowires depend strongly on the magnitude of applied magnetic field.

关键词： Nanowire growth mechanism Nickel nanowires Magnetic-field assisted synthesis

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