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Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie shi Changle Hou Jingjing Dong Dong Chen Jianzhong Li Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate exceeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of NH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and NH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leaching efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mechanism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

On a general theory for compressing process and aeroacoustics:linear analysis

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第3期26卷 355-364页

作者： E .Mao y. P. shi J. z. Wu State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University 100871 Beijing China University of Tennessee Space Institute Tullahoma TN 37388 USA

Of the three mutually coupled fundamental processes （shearing, compressing, and thermal） in a general fluid motion, only the general formulation for the compress- ing process and a subprocess of it, the subject of aeroacous- tics, as well as their physical coupling with shearing and thermal processes, have so far not reached a consensus. This situation has caused difficulties for various in-depth complex multiprocess flow diagnosis, optimal configuration design, and flow/noise control. As the first step toward the desired formulation in fully nonlinear regime, this paper employs the operator factorization method to revisit the analytic linear theories of the fundamental processes and their decomposi- tion, especially the further splitting of compressing process into acoustic and entropy modes, developed in 1940s-1980s. The flow treated here is small disturbances of a compressible, viscous, and heat-conducting polytropic gas in an unbounded domain with arbitrary source of mass, external body force, and heat addition. Previous results are thereby revised and extended to a complete and unified theory. The theory pro- vides a necessary basis and valuable guidance for developing corresponding nonlinear theory by clarifying certain basic issues, such as the proper choice of characteristic variables of compressing process and the feature of their governing equations.

关键词： Longitudinal (compressing) processTransversal (shearing) process Acoustic mode Entropy mode Aeroacoustics

High-temperature fatigue strength of grain boundaries with different misorientations in nickel-based superalloy bicrystals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第23期154卷 94-106页

作者： D.F.shi z.J.zhang y.H.yang y.z.zhou R.Liu P.zhang z.F.zhang shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016 China

Nickel-based single-crystal superalloys are widely used in the manufacture of aeroengine turbine vanes for their excellent high-temperature performance. Low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) will be generated inevitably during their manufacture, which are often characterized by grain boundary misorientation (GBM) and will weaken the mechanical properties of superalloys. However, the relationship between GBM and the fatigue properties of superalloys at elevated temperatures has seldom been investigated due to the difficulty in the sample preparation and experiment process. Based on six kinds of bicrystals with different tilt LAGBs made by a second-generation single-crystal superalloy, the effects of misorientation on the grain boundary microstructure and fatigue properties (980 °C) of superalloys were studied systematically in this work. It is found that, with the increase of GBM, the GB precipitates combined with the cast micropores increase monotonically, accordingly both the fatigue life and fatigue strength decrease successively. Fatigue fracture observations show that the cracks of all the bicrystals initiated from the cast micropores at GBs, and then propagated along the GBs. Therefore, the coupling effect of cast micropores and GBM on the fatigue damage mechanisms of the bicrystals are evaluated according to their hindering degrees on the piled-up dislocations. Combining with a hysteresis energy model, a quantitative fatigue strength prediction model of superalloys is established and is well verified by abundant experimental data. This study could provide guidance for fatigue performance prediction and structural design of superalloys.

关键词： Superalloys Bicrystals Grain boundary misorientation Fatigue strength Fatigue crack

WAVE RESISTANCE OF WAVE-PIERCING CATAMARANS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2000年第4期12卷 88-98页

作者： Lu, X.P. Huang, y. shi, z.K. Coll. of Traffic Sci. and Eng. Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Wuhan 430074 China

Present paper researches the theoretical method for calculating the wave resistance of wave-piercing catamaran. As an example the wave resistance of a wave-piercing catamaran is calculated. The comparison among the theoretical calculation results, the model test results and the graphic evaluation results shows the efficiency of present theoretical method. Finally the wave resistance regulation of wave-piercing catamarans is investigated based on the theoretical method.

关键词： ships

Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the Mechanical Properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al Neutron Absorbing Materials

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1411-1420页

作者： J.X.Cai B.M.shi N.Li y.Liu z.G.zhang y.N.zan Q.z.Wang B.L.Xiao z.y.Ma shi‑Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Nuclear Equipment Division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing 100840China Department of Materials Science School of Mechanical EngineeringShenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China

B_(4)C/Al composites are widely utilized as neutron absorbing materials for the storage and transportation of spent nuclear *** order to improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of B_(4)C/Al composites,in-situ nano-Al_(2)O_(3)was introduced utilizing oxide on Al powder *** this study,the Al_(2)O_(3)content was adjusted by utilizing spheroid Al powder with varying diameters,thereby investigating the impact of Al_(2)O_(3)content on the tensile properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al *** was found that the pinning effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the grain boundaries could hinder the recovery of dislocations and lead to dislocation accumulation at high *** the result,with the increase in Al_(2)O_(3)content and the decrease in grain size,the high-temperature strength of the composites increased *** finest Al powder used in this investigation had a diameter of 1.4μm,whereas the resultant composite exhibited a maximum strength of 251 MPa at room temperature and 133 MPa at 350℃,surpassing that of traditional B_(4)C/Al composites.

关键词： Al matrix composites Neutron absorbing materials (B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al composites High-temperature strength

RESEARCH ON LASER DIRECT DEPOSITION PROCESS OF Ti-6Al-4V ALLOy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第3期20卷 171-180页

作者： S.y. Gao y.z. zhang L.K. shi B.L. Du M.z. Xi H.z. Ji Mechanical Engineering College Yanshan University O~mhuangdao 066004 China Beijing General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

Laser direct deposition （LDD） of metallic components is an advanced technology of combining CAD/CAM （computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing）, high power laser, and rapid prototyping. This technology uses laser beam to melt the powders fed coaxiaUy into the molten pool by the laser beam to fabricate fuUy dense metallic components. The present article mainly studies the LDD of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which can be used to fabricate aircraft components. The mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, fabricated by LDD, are obtained using the tension test, and the oxygen content of used powders and deposited specimens are measured. In the present article, it can be seen that the mechanical properties obtained using this method are higher than the ones obtained by casting, and equal to those got by wrought anneal. One aircraft part has been made using the LDD process. Because of this aircraft part, with sophisticated shape, the effect of the laser scanning track on the internal soundness of the deposited part was discussed.

关键词： laser direct deposition Ti-6Al-4V alloy mechanical property depositing process aircraft component

The Reaction of Benzimidazole Methiodide Salt with Bis-Grignard Reagent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第6期8卷 465-466页

作者： shi, z Gu, H NW UNIV XIAN DEPT CHEMXIAN 710069PEOPLES R CHINA

The reaction of benzimidazole methoidide salt with bis-Grignard reagent is reported, and a new method for the preparation of dialdehyde is provided.

关键词： The Reaction of Benzimidazole Methiodide Salt with Bis-Grignard Reagent

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF STRAIGHT-LINE LASER FORMING UNDER THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT MECHANISM

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第2期19卷 144-150页

作者： y.J. shi H. Shen z.Q. yao J. Hu School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

Laser forraing is a new flexible and dieless forming technique. To achieve the high accuracy forming, the temperature gradient mechanism （TGM） is studied. In the analysis of TGM, the plate bends about x-axis and about y-axis as well. To understand the deformation trend, the numerical simulation of deformation of plate is conducted by choosing different laser powers, laser spot diameters, scanning speeds, lengths, widths and thicknesses. From the results of simulation, it can be seen that the laser spot diameter, the scanning speed, laser power and thickness of plate play dominant roles in the laser forming process. However, the bending angles αx and αy show different trends with the variation of parameters. In addition, in comparison with above four parameters, the effect of length and width of plate on the beading angle may be neglected, but their effects are significant for the bending radius R.

关键词： laser forming temperature gradient mechanism metal plate

Exploring the uncertainties in theoretical predictions of nuclear β-decay half-lives

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 273-278页

作者： M.shi J.y.Fang z.M.Niu School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Architectural Acoustic Environment of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Hefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Advanced Electronic Materials and Devices Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei230601China School of Physics and Materials Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Nuclear β-decay half-lives are predicted based on an empirical formula and the mass predictions from various nuclear *** is found that the empirical formula can reproduce the nuclearβ-decay half-lives well,especially for short-lived nuclei with T_(1/2)y energies and the parameters of the empirical formula are further *** is found that the uncertainties of the half-lives are relatively large for heavy nuclei and nuclei near the neutron-drip *** nuclei on the r-process path,the uncertainties for those with N=126 are about one order of magnitude,which are much larger than the uncertainties for those with N=50 and ***,theoretical uncertainties from the parameters of the empirical formula are relatively small for the nuclei on the r-process path,which indicates that the empirical formula is very suitable for predicting theβ-decay half-lives in r-process simulations.

关键词： βdecay nuclear mass r process