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Exploiting fly models to investigate rare human neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 21-28页

作者： Tomomi Tanaka Hyung-Lok chung Department of Neurology Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTXUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA

Rare neurological diseases,while individually are rare,collectively impact millions globally,leading to diverse and often severe neurological *** attributed to genetic mutations that disrupt protein function or structure,understanding their genetic basis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and targeted *** investigate the underlying pathogenesis of these conditions,researchers often use non-mammalian model organisms,such as Drosophila(fruit flies),which is valued for their genetic manipulability,cost-efficiency,and preservation of genes and biological functions across evolutionary *** tools available in Drosophila,including CRISPR-Cas9,offer a means to manipulate gene expression,allowing for a deep exploration of the genetic underpinnings of rare neurological *** boasts a versatile genetic toolkit,rapid generation turnover,and ease of large-scale experimentation,making it an invaluable resource for identifying potential drug *** can expose flies carrying disease-associated mutations to various compounds,rapidly pinpointing promising therapeutic agents for further investigation in mammalian models and,ultimately,clinical *** this comprehensive review,we explore rare neurological diseases where fly research has significantly contributed to our understanding of their genetic basis,pathophysiology,and potential therapeutic *** discuss rare diseases associated with both neuron-expressed and glial-expressed *** cases include mutations in CDK19 resulting in epilepsy and developmental delay,mutations in TIAM1 leading to a neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and language delay,and mutations in IRF2BPL causing seizures,a neurodevelopmental disorder with regression,loss of speech,and abnormal *** we explore mutations in EMC1 related to cerebellar atrophy,visual impairment,psychomotor retardation,and gain-of-function mutations in ACOX1 causing Mitchell ***-of-fun

关键词： ACOX1 Drosophila melanogaster glia lipid metabolism model organisms neuroinflammation neurologic disorders neuron rare disease VLCFA

Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusnykh Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 205-215页

作者： Cong geng Kuanxiang Zhang Changhua Wang chung Hsien Wu Jiwen Jiang Fei Long Liyuan Han Qifeng Han yi‑Bing Cheng yong Peng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China Triumph Photovoltaic Materials Co. Ltd.No.1001 Yannan AvenueHigh‑Tech Development DistrictBengbuAnhui 233000People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(ga)Se_(2)(CIgS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)***,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIgS prevents people from improving tandem device *** this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIgS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK *** addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain ***,LiF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing *** a result,a 2-T PVK/CIgS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIgS TSCs to our *** validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIgS tandem solar cells.

关键词： PVK/CIgS TSCs Irregular rough surfaces Modulating the growth PVK/C60 interface recombination

Directly Modulated 10 gb/s Signal Transmission over 320 km of Negative Dispersion Fiber for Regional Metro Network

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 533-534页

作者： H. S. chung y. g. Jang y. C. chung 1 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 gusong-dong Yusong-gu Daejon 305-701 Korea2 Samsung Electronics 94-1 Imsudong Gumi KyungBuk 730-350 KoreaKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Gusong-dong Yusong-gu Daejon 305-701 Korea

We demonstrate the transmission of directly modulated 10-gb/s WDM signals over 320 km of negative dispersion fiber (dispersion: -2.5 ps/km/nm @1550 nm) without dispersion compensation. The results indicate that a regional metro WDM network could be implemented cost-effectively by using the proposed negative dispersion fiber and direct modulated lasers.

关键词： of in et over Directly Modulated 10 gb/s Signal Transmission over 320 km of Negative Dispersion Fiber for Regional Metro Network WDM for

Microplastic and nanoplastic exposure and risk of diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 24-29页

作者： Hui-yi Hsiao chung-yi Nien Ruei-Feng Shiu Wei-Chun Chin Tzung-Hai yen Department of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina Center for Tissue Engineering Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkouTaoyuan 33305TaiwanChina Department of Life Sciences National Central UniversityZhongli 320317TaoyuanTaiwanChina Center of Excellence for The Oceans Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of California MercedMercedCA 95343United States Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou 33305TaoyuanTaiwanChina School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina

The issue of plastic pollutants has become a growing *** microplastics(MPs)(particle size<5 mm)and nanoplastics(NPs)(particle size<1μm)can cause DNA damage,cytotoxicity,and oxidative stress in various *** primary kno... 详细信息

The issue of plastic pollutants has become a growing *** microplastics(MPs)(particle sizege,cytotoxicity,and oxidative stress in various *** primary known impacts of microplastic/nanoplastic are observed in the liver and respiratory system,leading to hepatotoxicity and chronic obstructive pulmonary *** research on the effects of MPs and NPs on diabetes is still in its early stages,there are potential *** editorial highlights the risk to diabetics from co-exposure to contaminants and MPs/NPs,supported by evidence from animal studies and the various chemical compositions of MPs/NPs.

关键词： Microplastics Nanoplastics Plastic pollution,Diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance

Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Surface diffusivity of atomic deuterium on Ni_3(Al, Ti)(110) surface with and without boron

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2002年第4期12卷 649-652页

作者： J.L.Wang y.W.chung DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering RobertR.McCormickSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScienceNorthwesternUniversityEvanstonIL60208USA DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering RobertR.McCormic

The electron stimulated desorption was used to measure the surface diffusivity of atomic deuterium on clean and boron modified Ni 3(Al, Ti)(110) surfaces. Boron dosing was performed using a solid state boron ion source. Earlier studies showed that boron dissociates water readily at temperatures as low as 130?K and that the resulting atomic hydrogen is bound to the surface strongly. The surface diffusion coefficient of atomic D on 0.05 monolayer boron modified surface was measured to be about 10 times smaller than that on the clean surface. This slower diffusion of atomic hydrogen may explain why boron improves the ductility of polycrystalline Ni 3Al in moist environments.

关键词：氘原子表面扩散硼 Ni3Al Ni3Ti 金属间化合物

Data-driven Static Equivalence with Physics-informed Koopman Operators

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 432-438页

作者： Wei Lin Changhong Zhao Maosheng gao C.y.chung Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

With deployment of measurement units,fitting static equivalent models of distribution networks(DNs)by linear regression has been recognized as an effective method in power flow analysis of a transmission *** volatility of measurements caused by variable distributed renewable energy sources makes it more difficult to accurately fit such equivalent *** tackle this challenge,this letter proposes a novel data-driven method to improve equivalency accuracy of DNs with distributed energy *** letter provides a new perspective that an equivalent model can be regarded as a mapping from internal conditions and border voltages to border power *** mapping can be established through 1)Koopman operator theory,and 2)physical features of power flow equations at the root node of a *** of the proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 136-bus test systems connected to a 661-bus utility system.

关键词： Data-driven distribution network Koopman operator theory static equivalent model