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An improved algorithm for retrieving thin sea ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean from SMOS and SMAP L-band radiometer data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 127-138页

作者： Lian he Senwen Huang Fengming hui Xiao Cheng School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-Sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Key.Laboratory.of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun y.t-Sen University. Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

The aim of this study.was to develop an improved thin sea ice thickness(SIT)retrieval algorithm in the Arctic Ocean from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity.and Soil Moisture Active Passive L-band radiometer *** SIT retrieval algorithm was trained using the simulated SIT from the cumulative freezing degree day. model during the freeze-up period over five carefully.selected regions in the Beaufort,Chukchi,East Siberian,Laptev and Kara seas and utilized the microwave polarization ratio(PR)at incidence angle of 40°.The improvements of the proposed retrieval algorithm include the correction for the sea ice concentration impact,reliable reference SIT data over different representative regions of the Arctic Ocean and the utilization of microwave polarization ratio that is independent of ice *** relationship between the SIT and PR was found to be almost stable across the five selected *** SIT retrievals were then compared to other two existing algorithms(i.e.,UH_SIT from the University.of Hamburg and UB_SIT from the University.of Bremen)and validated against independent SIT data obtained from moored upward looking sonars(ULS)and airborne electromagnetic(EM)induction *** results suggest that the proposed algorithm could achieve comparable accuracies to UH_SIT and UB_SIT with root mean square error(RMSE)being about 0.20 m when validating using ULS SIT data and outperformed the UH_SIT and UB_SIT with RMSE being about 0.21 m when validatng using EM SIT *** proposed algorithm can be used for thin sea ice thickness(he Arctic Ocean and requires less auxiliary.data in the SIT retrieval procedure which makes its implementation more practical.

关键词： Arctic sea ice sea ice thickness remote sensing Soil Moisture Active Passive(SMAP) Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity.and Soil(SMOS)

Cooperative composites anchored with single atom Pb and carbon confined PbO nanoparticles for superior lead-carbon batteries

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Journal of Energy.Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 486-497页

作者： Puqiang he y. y.ng hui Huang Jing Huang Hongbiao Wang y.peng he Zhongcheng Guo Faculty.of Metallurgical and Energy.Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Metallurgical Electrode Material Engineering Technology.Research Center of y.nnan Province Kunming hendera Technology.Co.LTD.

The mitigation of sulphation and parasitic hy.rogen evolution is considered as prominent research emphasis for the development of lead-carbon batteries（LCBs） in large-scale energy.storage ***,cooperative Pb-C composites consisting of single atom Pb and carbon-encapsulated PbO nanoparticles were prepared by.freeze-dry.ng technique and py.oly.ic reduction to address above *** innovative use of Pb2+to cross-link sodium alginate enabled a uniform distribution of Pb in the composites,generating Pb-C-PbO three-phase *** analy.is and theoretical calculations revealed the sy.ergistic interactions between single-atom Pb and PbO nanoparticles in suppressing parasitic hy.rogen evolution and promoting the adsorption of Pb *** presence of monatomic Pb and PbO enhanced the affinity.of the composites for the negative active materials and facilitated the transformation of the active materials from bulk into spherical shapes to enhance the specific surface area,thereby.counteracting *** the coordinated integration of various functionalities offered by.Pb@C-x,the cy.le life of the battery.at HRPSoC reaches 7025 cy.les,which is two times for LCB with pure carbon ***,the discharge capacity.increased from 3.52 to 3.79 *** study.provides substantial insights into the construction of Pb-C composites for LCBs to inhibit negative sulphation and hy.rogen evolution.

关键词： Hy.rogen evolution Lead carbon composites Lead-carbon battery Negative sulphation Single-atom

FMSA:a meta-learning framework-based fast model stealing attack technique against intelligent network intrusion detection sy.tems

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Cy.ersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 110-121页

作者： Kaisheng Fan Weizhe Zhang Guangrui Liu hui he School of Cy.erspace Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of New Networks Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

Intrusion detection sy.tems are increasingly.using machine *** machine learning has shown excellent performance in identify.ng malicious traffic,it may.increase the risk of privacy.*** paper focuses on imple-menting a model stealing attack on intrusion detection *** model stealing attacks are hard to imple-ment in practical network environments,as they.either need private data of the victim dataset or frequent access to the victim *** this paper,we propose a novel solution called Fast Model Stealing Attack(FMSA)to address the problem in the field of model stealing *** also highlight the risks of using ML-NIDS in network ***,meta-learning frameworks are introduced into the model stealing algorithm to clone the victim model in a black-box ***,the number of accesses to the target model is used as an optimization term,resulting in minimal queries to achieve model ***,adversarial training is used to simulate the data distribution of the target model and achieve the recovery.of privacy.*** experiments on multiple public datasets,compared to existing state-of-the-art algorithms,FMSA reduces the number of accesses to the target model and improves the accuracy.of the clone model on the test dataset to 88.9%and the similarity.with the target model to 90.1%.We can demonstrate the successful execution of model stealing attacks on the ML-NIDS sy.tem even with protective measures in place to limit the number of anomalous queries.

关键词： AI security Model stealing attack Network intrusion detection Meta learning

In situ anchoring in carbon matrix of Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) as a high-performance anode material for Li-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3634-3646页

作者： Pu-Qiang he Jun Guo hui Huang Zhong-Cheng Guo Faculty.of Metallurgy.and Energy.Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Research Center of Metallurgical Electrode Materials Engineering Technology Kunming 650106China Kunming hendera Science and Technology.Co. Ltd.Kunming 650106China

Bismuth-based anode materials have been regarded as promising Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical ***,their low conductivity.and associated volume expansion inhabited their *** this work,Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)@C composites were successfully.sy.thesized by.in situ anchoring of flower-like Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) nanosheets on a carbon-based substrate via *** unique composited structure of Bi_2O_(2)-CO_(3)@C leads to a stable specific capacity.of 547 mAh·g^(-1)after 100 cy.les at a current density.of 0.1 A·g^(-1).Notably.it demonstrates excellent rate capability.with a specific capacity.of 210 mAh·g^(-1)at 5 A·g^(-1).After 550 cy.les at a current density.of 0.5 A·g^(-1),a high reversible capacity.of nearly.400 mAh·g^(-1)was ***,in situ X-ray.diffraction measurements clearly.demonstrate the conversion between Bi and Li_(3)Bi during alloy.ng/dealloy.ng,confirming the good electrochemical reversibility.of the materials for Li *** reaction kinetics of Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)@C were further investigated using galvanostatic intermittent titration ***,Bi_2O_(2)-CO_(3)@C exhibited excellent long-term stability.maintaining its high reversible capacity.for over 200 cy.les at a current density.of 0.5 A·g^(-1)in a full cell configuration using Li_(1.20)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_(2) as the cathode *** result further underscores its promising potential for lithium-ion *** work may.provide inspiration for the design of alloy.ty.e negative electrode materials for high-performance rechargeable batteries.

关键词： Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) Composite materials Anode materials Full batteries

Role of polarization evolution in the hy.teresis effect of Pb-based antiferroelecrtics

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 516-519页

作者： Botao Gao he Qi hui Liu Jun Chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Hainan University Haikou 570228China

The electric field-induced irreversible domain wall motion results in a ferroelectric(FE) hy.teresis. In antiferroelectrics(AFEs), the irreversible phase transition is the main reason for the hy.teresis effects, which play. an important role in energy.storage performance. Compared to the well-demonstrated FE hy.teresis,the structural mechanism of the hy.teresis in AFE is not well understood. In this work, the underly.ng correlation between structure and the hy.teresis effect is unveiled in Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O_(3) AFE sy.tem by.using in-situ electrical biasing sy.chrotron X-ray.diffraction. It is found that the AFE with a canting dipole configuration, which shows a continuous polarization rotation under the electric field, tends to have a small hy.teresis effect. It presents a negligible phase transition, a small axis ratio, and electric field-induced lattice changing, small domain switching. All these features together lead to a slim hy.teresis loop and a high energy.storage efficiency. These results offer a deep insight into the structure-hy.teresis relationship of AFEs and are helpful for the design of energy.storage material.

关键词： Antiferroelectric Hy.teresis effect Structure refinement Perovskite In situ sy.chrotron radiation

Effect of tungsten carbide particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu alloy.composite bit matrix

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 519-530页

作者： Ding-qian Dong Feng-y.an he Xin-hui Chen hui Li Kai-hua Shi hui-wen Xiong Xin Xiang Li Zhang College of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong643000SichuanChina State Key.Laboratory.of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina Zigong Cemented Carbide Co. Ltd.Zigong643011SichuanChina Material Corrosion and Protection Key.Laboratory.of Sichuan Province Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong643000SichuanChina

Copper alloy.composite bit matrix was prepared by.pressureless vacuum infiltration,using at least one of the three kinds of tungsten carbide particles,for example,irregular cast tungsten carbide,monocry.talline tungsten carbide and sintered reduced tungsten carbide *** effects of powder particle morphology.particle size and mass fraction of tungsten carbide on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper alloy.composite were investigated by.means of scanning electron microscopy.X-ray.diffraction and abrasive wear test in *** results show that tungsten carbide morphology.and particle size have obvious effects on the mechanical properties of copper alloy.*** tungsten carbide partially.dissolved in the copper alloy.binding phase,and lay.rs of Cu_(0.3)W_(0.5)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)C phase with a thickness of around 8–15μm were formed on the edge of the cast tungsten *** 45%irregular crushed fine cast tungsten carbide and 15%monocry.talline cast tungsten carbide were used as the skeleton,satisfactory.comprehensive performance of the reinforced copper alloy.composite bit matrix was obtained,with the bending strength,impact toughness and hardness reaching 1048 MPa,4.95 J/cm^(2) and 43.6 HRC,*** main wear mechanism was that the tungsten carbide particles firstly.protruded from the friction surface after the copper alloy.matrix was worn,and then peeled off from the matrix when further wear occurred.

关键词： Poly.ry.talline diamond compact Pressureless vacuum infiltration Copper alloy.composite bit matrix Microstructure characterization Abrasive wear behavior

Role of phosphorus on the biogeochemical behavior of cadmium in the contaminated soil under leaching and pot experiments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 488-499页

作者： hui Jia y.fanWu Mengqi Zhang Jinhui y. Daolin Du he Wang Institute of Environment and Ecology School of Emergency ManagementJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of the Environment and Safety.Engineering&Institute of Environment and Ecology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology.and Material of Water Treatment Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated HospitalXuzhou 221004China

Phosphorus(P)is involved in various biochemical reactions in plant growth,so it is beneficial to plants growing in soils contaminated by.metals,including cadmium(Cd).However,few studies have reported on the mechanistic roles of P in mitigating Cd toxicity.to ry.grass root,and especially.in alleviating the disruption of the mitochondrial function of living *** this study.the phy.iological and biochemical mechanisms associated with ry.grass growth under various Cd and P treatments were investigated using leaching and pot *** concentration of Cd in soil leachates showed a significantly.positive relationship with redox potential(Py.decrease Cd leaching from contaminated *** to the control(without P addition),the cumulative Cd content was reduced by.53.3%and 64.5%in the soil leachate with exogenous P application(20 mg/L and 80 mg/L),***,application of P decreased the Cd concentrations in the sy.plastic fractions and increased the Cd concentrations in the apoplastic fractions in root tips,which may.help to alleviate Cd stress to the ***,exogenous P was found to play.a positive role in mitochondrial function and Ca^(2+)variation in root cells under Cd stress,which provides novel insights into the mechanisms of exogenous P in alleviating plant Cd injury.

关键词： Phosphorus Cadmium stress Protoplast Biogeochemical behavior Mitochondrial function

Numerical and experimental research on axial injection end-burning hy.rid rocket motors with poly.thy.ene fuel

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 91-105页

作者： Xiangy. MENG hui TIAN Lingfei he Jingfei GAO Xiaoting NIU Guobiao CAI School of Astronautics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key.Laboratory.of Spacecraft Design Optimization&Dy.amic Simulation Technologies Ministry of EducationBeijing 100816China

This study.investigates the end-burning hy.rid rocket motors with poly.thy.ene fuel by.the numerical simulation and *** on computational fluid dy.amics,a numerical model is *** model is validated by.two firing tests in this hy.rid rocket motor,which uses oxy.en and poly.thy.ene as *** results show that the numerical and experimental data are in good agreement,and the error of the chamber pressure is less than 2.63%.Based on the simulation mode,the blowoff limit of the end-burning hy.rid rocket motors is *** the nozzle throat diameter and the inner diameter of grain are large,it is more difficult for the hy.rid rocket motor to achieve end-burning mode,i.e.,the flame spreading is prevented in the narrow *** main reason is that when the nozzle throat and the grain port are large,chamber pressure and oxidizer flow velocity.are ***,the friction velocity.considering the pressure and flow velocity.is *** critical friction velocity.is about 4.054–4.890 m/s in the hy.rid rocket *** the friction velocity.exceeds the critical friction velocity.the combustion mode in hy.rid rocket motors changes from the flame spreading mode to the end-burning ***,the regression rate formula is obtained by.fitting,which shows that the regression rate has a good correlation with combustion chamber *** critical friction velocity.and regression rate formula can provide an important reference for end-burning hy.rid rocket motors.

关键词： Hy.rid rocket motor End burning Blowoff limit Flame propagation Regression rate

Sy.thesis,chemical bonding and reactivity.of new medium-sized poly.rsenides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 497-501页

作者： Xu-hui y.e Xiang-Wen Zhang hui-Min he Lei Qiao Zhong-Ming Sun State Key.Laboratory.of Element-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Lab for Institution Rare Earth Materials and ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Phy.ics Institute of Computational and Applied PhysicsTaiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

Gaining an understanding of the growth mechanism from single atoms to clusters and bulk materials continues to present a ***,it is important to explore the evolving trends of clusters in the structure and properties during the size *** this work,we report the sy.thesis and characterization of two medium-sized chain-like poly.rsenic anions.[As_(21)]^(3-)represents a trimeric example of poly.rsenic anion assembled through oxidative coupling of As_(7)^(3-)*** anion As_(18)^(4-)included in[As_(18)MO_(2)(CO)_(8)]^(4-)is regarded as formed by.two realgar-ty.e As_(8)subunits connected by.a dinuclear AsAs *** As_(18)cluster was previously.predicted by.theory.and this is the first time successfully.sy.thesized using wet chemistry.***,small-sized poly.rsenides As_(2)^(2-)and As_(10)^(2-)were found in compound[K(18-crown-6)]_(3)[As_(10)]_(0.5)[As_(4){Mo(CO)_(3)}_(2)]_(0.5)·*** these,the former exhibits coordination with metal ***-cry.tal X-ray.diffraction combined with quantum chemical calculations revealed the formation of double bonded As_(2)^(2-)stabilized by.metal carbony. *** work demonstrates a novel sy.thetic approach for the preparation of new poly.rsenides and highlights their intriguing bonding characteristics,lay.ng the foundation for the sy.thesis of such compounds and paving the way.for their potential applications.

关键词： Poly.rsenide Zintl anions Chain-like cluster DFT calculations AdNDP