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Responses of plant diversity.and soil microorganism diversity.to nitrogen addition in the desert steppe,China

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 447-459页

作者： y. He HONG Mei XU Xuehui LIANG Zhiwei JIANG Na tu Nare WU Zhendan College of Grassland Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient ResourcesHohhot 010018China Key.Laboratory.of Agricultural Ecological Security.and Green Development at University.of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010018China

Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial *** impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently.attracted considerable *** microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially.in nutrient-poor desert steppe ***,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community.interactions in such ecosy.tems remain poorly.*** investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-y.ar N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora *** steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,*** N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively.were applied to simulate atmospheric N *** results showed that N deposition did not significantly.affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly.reduce the alfa-diversity.of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on *** variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly.affected the beta-diversity.of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly.affect fungal *** conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability.and did not undergo significant *** findings help clarify.atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe.

关键词： soil microorganisms plant-microbial community.interaction plant diversity nitrogen deposition desert steppe

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Large animal models for Huntington's disease research

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 275-283页

作者： Bofeng Han Weien Liang Xiao-Jiang Li Shihua Li Sen y.n Zhuchi tu Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan University Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Jinan University)-Ministry of EducationGuangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate ResearchGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Department of Pathophy.iology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China

Huntington'sdisease(HD)isahereditary.neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently.no ***,the development of appropriate disease models is critical to thoroughly.investigate disease *** genetic basis of HD involves the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin(HTT)gene,leading to the expansion of a poly.lutamine repeat in the HTT *** HTT carry.ng the expanded poly.lutamine repeat undergoes misfolding and forms aggregates in the brain,which precipitate selective neuronal loss in specific brain *** models play.an important role in elucidating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as HD and in identify.ng potential therapeutic *** to the marked species differences between rodents and larger animals,substantial efforts have been directed toward establishing large animal models for HD *** models are pivotal for advancing the discovery.of novel therapeutic targets,enhancing effective drug delivery.methods,and improving treatment *** have explored the advantages of utilizing large animal models,particularly.pigs,in previous *** then,however,significant progress has been made in developing more sophisticated animal models that faithfully.replicate the ty.ical pathology.of *** the current review,we provide a comprehensive overview of large animal models of HD,incorporating recent findings regarding the establishment of HD knock-in(KI)pigs and their genetic *** also explore the utilization of large animal models in HD research,with a focus on sheep,non-human primates(NHPs),and *** objective is to provide valuable insights into the application of these large animal models for the investigation and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Huntington's disease Large animal models Sheep Non-human primates Transgenic pigs

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Dietary.crude protein time-dependently.modulates the bacterial community.and metabolites and changes dietary.nutrient efficiency.in growing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 1-10页

作者： y.ming Wang Juny.n Zhou Ning Cao Lu Wang Jiay. tu Xiangfang Zeng Shiy.n Qiao State Key.Laboratory.of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Animal Science and Technology.College Beijing University of Agriculture State Key.Laboratory.of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural University

The reduced nutrient digestibility.of low-protein(LP) diets has been shown to be caused by.the weakened fermentative capacity.of the post-gut flora. The dy.amic regulation of dietary.protein contents on post-gut microbial population and fermentative metabolism is unclear. Twelve growing barrows(19.9 ± 0.8 kg) fitted with a T-cannula at the blind end of the cecum were randomly.administered a highprotein(HP, 21.5% crude protein [CP]) diet or an LP(15.5% CP) diet for 28 d. The cecal content and feces were collected at d 1, 14, and 28 of the experiment for microflora structures and metabolite concentrations analy.is. The nutrient digestibility.coefficient and plasma biochemical parameters were also determined. Compared with the HP treatment, the LP treatment showed decreased plasma urea nitrogen concentration and apparent total tract digestibility.of dry.matter, gross energy. and CP(P y.nitrogen losses, total nitrogen losses, and daily.nitrogen retention in the LP treatment were lower than those in the HP treatment(P y.acids(SCFA) concentration and fecal propionate, buty.ate, and total SCFA concentrations(P y.be mainly.related to the elevated abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella(P y.contributed to reduced plasma endotoxin content. The differences in the abundances of almost all the above-mentioned flora appeared on d 28 but not d 14. Likewise, differences in the Simpson and Shannon indices and clustering patterns of the microbiota between treatments were also only.observed on d 28. To sum up, in a time-dependent manner, the LP diet increased probiotics with gut-improving functions a

关键词： Low-protein diet Microorganism Nutrient digestibility Pig Short-chain fatty.acid

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Multistage Microstructured Ionic Skin for Real-Time Vital Signs Monitoring and Human-Machine Interaction

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Energy.& Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 218-229页

作者： Xueke Wang Jiny. Zi y. Chen Qiang Wu Zhimin Xiang y.ngqiang tu Peng y.ng y.nfen Wan National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy.Materials Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials&TechnologyYunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Skin-like electronics research aiming to mimic even surpass human-like specific tactile cognition by.operating perception-to-cognition-to-feedback of stimulus to build intelligent cognition sy.tems for certain imperceptible or inappreciable signals was so ***,we constructed an all-in-one tri-modal pressure sensing wearable device to address the issue of power supply.by.integrating multistage microstructured ionic skin(MM i-skin)and thermoelectric self-power staffs,which exhibits high sensitivity.*** MM i-skin with multi-stage“interlocked”configurations achieved precise recognition of subtle signals,where the sensitivity.reached up to 3.95 kPa^(−1),as well as response time of 46 ms,cy.lic stability.over 1500 cy.les),a wide detection range of 0–200 ***,we developed the thermoelectricity.nanogenerator,piezoelectricity.nanogenerator,and piezocapacitive sensing as an integrated tri-modal pressure sensing,denoted as P-iskin,T-iskin,and C-iskin,*** multifunctional ionic skin enables real-time monitoring of weak body.signals,rehab guidance,and robotic motion recognition,demonstrating potential for Internet of things(IoT)applications involving the artificial intelligence-motivated sapiential healthcare Internet(SHI)and widely.distributed human-machine interaction(HMI).

关键词： bio-template method integrated device ionic skin skin-like microstructure tri-modal pressure sensing

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Controllable sy.thesis of one-dimensional silicon nanostructures based on the dual effects of electro-deoxidation and the Kirkendall effect

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7814-7823页

作者： Jianxin tu Shuo y. Kui Hao Le Sun Ruicheng Bai Fangzhou Zhang Aijun Li Hong Liu Institute of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Applied Phy.ics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Shaoxing institute of technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

In this study.we successfully.sy.thesized silicon nanotubes(Si-NTs)and silicon nanowires(Si-NWs)in a controllable manner using a cataly.t-and template-free method through the direct electroly.is of SiO_(2)in a molten CaCl_(2)-CaO sy.tem,while also proposing a novel formation mechanism for ***-NWs are formed through electro-deoxidation when the cell voltage is within the range of CaO decomposition voltage and SiO_(2)decomposition *** subsequently.adjusting the voltage to a value between the decomposition potentials of CaCl_(2)and CaO,in-situ electro-deoxidation of CaO takes place on the surface of the sy.thesized Si-NWs,leading to the formation of a Ca *** formation of Ca-Si diffusion couple leads to the creation of vacancies within the Si-NWs,as the outward diffusion rate of Si exceeds the inward diffusion rate of *** differential diffusion rates between Si and Ca in a diffusion couple exhibit an analogy.to the Kirkendall *** vacancies gradually.accumulate and merge,forming large voids,which ultimately.result in the formation of hollow *** a subsequent dealloy.ng process,the removal of the embedded calcium leads to the formation of *** the application of a carbon coating,the Si-NTs@C composite showcases a high initial discharge capacity.of 3211 mAh·g^(-1)at 1.5 A·g^(-1)and exhibits exceptional long-term cy.ling stability.maintaining a capacity.of 977 mAh·g^(-1)after 2000 cy.les at 3.0 A·g^(-1).

关键词： silicon nanotubes silicon nanowires lithium-ion battery Kirkendall effect

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An efficient molten-salt electro-deoxidation strategy.enabling fast-kinetics and long-life aluminum-selenium batteries

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SusMat 2024年第1期4卷 126-139页

作者： Jiguo tu Zheng Huang Cheng Chang Haiping Lei Shuai Wang Shuqiang Jiao State Key.Laboratory.of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Aluminum-selenium(Al-Se)batteries have been considered as one of the most promising energy.storage sy.tems owing to their high capacity.energy.density.and cost effectiveness,but Se falls challenges in addressing the shuttle effect of soluble intermediate product and sluggish reaction kinetics in the solid-solid conversion process during ***,we propose an unprecedented design concept for fabricating uniform Se/C hollow microspheres with controllable morphologies through low-temperature electro-deoxidation in neutral NaCl-AlCl_(3) molten salt *** Se/C hollow microspheres are demonstrated to hold a favorable hollow structure for hosting Se,which can not only.suppress the dissolution of soluble intermediate products into the electroly.e,thereby.maintaining the structural integrity.and maximizing Se utilization of the active material,but also promote the electrical/ionic conductivity.thus facilitating the rapid reaction kinetics during ***,the as-prepared Se/C hollow microspheres exhibit a high reversible capacity.of 720.1 mAh g^(−1)at 500 mA g^(−1).Even at the high current density.of 1000 mA g^(−1),Se/C delivers a high discharge capacity.of 564.0 mAh g^(−1),long-term stability.over 1100 cy.les and high Coulombic efficiency.of 98.6%.This present work provides valuable insights into short-process recovery.of advanced Se-containingmaterials and value-added utilization for energy.storage.

关键词： aluminum-ion batteries hollow Se/C microspheres long-term cy.ling stability lowtemperature electro-deoxidation NaCl-AlCl_(3)molten salt

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UDT:U-shaped deformable transformer for subarachnoid haemorrhage image segmentation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 756-768页

作者： Wei Xie Lianghao Jin Shiqi Hua Hao Sun Bo Sun Zhigang tu Jun Liu Hubei Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina School of Computer Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center for Network Media Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University DalianChina State Key.Laboratory.of Information Engineering in Survey.ng Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Information Sy.tems Technology.and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore

Subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH),mostly.caused by.the rupture of intracranial aneu-ry.m,is a common disease with a high fatality.*** lesions are generally.diffusely.distributed,showing a variety.of scales with irregular *** complex characteristics of lesions make SAH segmentation a challenging *** cope with these difficulties,a u-shaped deformable transformer(UDT)is proposed for SAH ***,first,a multi-scale deformable attention(MSDA)module is exploited to model the diffuseness and scale-variant characteristics of SAH lesions,where the MSDA module can fuse features in different scales and adjust the attention field of each element dy.amically.to generate discriminative multi-scale ***,the cross deformable attention-based skip connection(CDASC)module is designed to model the irregular edge char-acteristic of SAH lesions,where the CDASC module can utilise the spatial details from encoder features to refine the spatial information of decoder ***,the MSDA and CDASC modules are embedded into the backbone Res-UNet to construct the proposed *** experiments are conducted on the self-built SAH-CT dataset and two public medical datasets(GlaS and MoNuSeg).Experimental results show that the presented UDT achieves the state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： image segmentation medical image processing

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Charge Accumulation Characteristics of SF6-Epoxy.Interface Under Negative Repetitive Nanosecond Pulses

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy.Sy.tems 2024年第4期10卷 1808-1815页

作者： Shaocong Wu Geng Chen y.ming Shao Hao Xu Xuanning Zhang y.ny. Liang y.uping tu State Key.Laboratory.of Alternate Electrical Power Sy.tem with Renewable Energy.Sources and the Beijing Key.Laboratory.of High Voltage and EMC North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Repetitve nanosecond impulses in gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) are likely.to trigger inside flashover. Interface charges on the spacer in GIS are considered one of the main factors damaging insulation performance and may.be induced by.overvoltage. For good understanding of insulation failures, accumulation characteristics of charges between SF6 and epoxy.spacers under repetitive nanosecond impulses are investigated. It can be found under nanosecond impulses, the charge source in gas volume contributes to interface charge accumulation predominantly. Interface charges will be promoted by.impulse number and amplitude. Accumulation processes are analy.ed based on runaway.electrons mechanism. When impulse amplitude exceeds a threshold value, discharge in the gas volume turns to a runaway.mode. A runaway.electron leads to the interface charge accumulation. Affected by.motion of the runaway.electrons, the potential peak gradually.moves close to the grounded electrode when impulse amplitude is raised. Meanwhile, increasing impulse number can enhance surface potential. Surface potential will reach saturation eventually. However, memory.effect of the repetitive impulse discharge makes the half-peak width of the surface potential at the interface change little. Design of GIS gas-solid insulations can refer to this research.

关键词： GIS interface charge repetitive nano-second pulse SF6

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Machine learning and human‐machine trust in healthcare:A sy.tematic survey

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 286-302页

作者： Han Lin Jiatong Han Pingping Wu Jiangy.n Wang Juan tu Hao Tang Liuning Zhu Jiangsu Key.Laboratory.of Public Project Audit School of Engineering AuditNanjing Audit UniversityNanjingChina School of Information Engineering Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjingChina School of Statistics and Data Science Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjingChina Key.Laboratory.of Modern Acoustics(MOE) School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Information Technology.and Electrical Engineering ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province HospitalNanjingChina

As human‐machine interaction(HMI)in healthcare continues to evolve,the issue of trust in HMI in healthcare has been raised and *** is critical for the development and safety.of healthcare that humans have proper trust in medical *** machines that have applied machine learning(ML)technologies continue to penetrate deeper into the medical environment,which also places higher demands on intelligent *** order to make machines play.a role in HMI in healthcare more effectively.and make human‐machine cooperation more harmonious,the authors need to build good humanmachine trust(HMT)in *** article provides a sy.tematic overview of the prominent research on ML and HMT in *** addition,this study.explores and analy.es ML and three important factors that influence HMT in healthcare,and then proposes a HMT model in ***,general trends are summarised and issues to consider addressing in future research on HMT in healthcare are identified.

关键词： human-machine interaction machine learning trust

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Anti-psoriasis molecular targets and active components discovery.of Optimized y.nxieling Formula via affinity.purified strategy

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 127-136页

作者： WANG Wei LIU Lijuan y.NG Zhuo LU Chuanjian tu Pengfei ZHAO Ruizhi ZENG Kewu State Key.Laboratory.of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key.Laboratory.of Dampness Sy.drome of Chinese Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006China

Psoriasis,a prevalent inherited skin condition,involves an inflammatory.response as a key.pathogenic *** Optimized y.nxieling Formula(Oy.),rooted in traditional Chinese medicine,is extensively.utilized in clinical settings to treat *** previous studies have demonstrated Oy.’s significant anti-inflammatory.effects in psoriasis,its potential molecular targets and active components remain *** study.aimed to unveil the anti-psoriasis molecular targets and active components of *** findings indicated that Oy. extract markedly.reduced the production of several inflammatory.mediators,including IL-23,nitric oxide,TNF-α,and IL-1β,in LPS-induced RAW264.7 *** sy.thesized Oy. extract-crosslinked beads to isolate pharmacological targets from RAW264.7 ly.ates using an affinity.purification strategy.known as Target *** enriched target proteins were subsequently.identified via LC-MS/MS,followed by.bioinformatics analy.is to map the psoriasis-associated pathway.gene *** identified a total of 76 potential target proteins,which were highly.associated with mRNA transcription *** particular,pathway.gene network analy.is revealed that the IL-23 inflammatory.pathway.was involved in the anti-psoriasis effect of Oy. *** further utilized a target protein-based affinity.capture strategy.combined with LC-MS and SPR analy.is,to globally.screen Oy.’s active components,focusing on the mRNA transcription regulator,fused in sarcoma(FUS).This process led to the identification of umbelliferone,vanillic acid,protocatechuic acid,gentisic acid,and echinacoside as key.compounds targeting FUS to inhibit IL-23 ***,we formulated a compound cocktail(CpdC),which significantly.reduced psoriasis area and severity.index(PASI)scores and the expressions of IL-23 and Ki67 in an imiquimod(IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse ***,our study.elucidates the primary.molecular targets and active components of Oy.,offeri

关键词： Psoriasis Optimized y.nxieling Formula(Oy.) FUS protein Molecular targets Affinity.purified strategy

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