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Genome-edited rabbits:Unleashing the potential of a promising experimental animal model across diverse diseases

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 253-262页

作者： y.ng Han Jiale Zhou Renquan Zhang y.ru Liang Liangxue lai Zhanjun Li Key.Laboratory.of Zoonosis Research Ministry of EducationCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130062China CAS Key.Laboratory.of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineSouth China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510530China Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guang Dong Laboratory.GRMH-GDL) GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Animal models are extensively.used in all aspects of biomedical research,with substantial contributions to our understanding of diseases,the development of pharmaceuticals,and the exploration of gene *** field of genome modification in rabbits has progressed ***,recent advancements,particularly.in CRISPR/Cas9-related technologies,have cataly.ed the successful development of various genome-edited rabbit models to mimic diverse diseases,including cardiovascular disorders,immunodeficiencies,agingrelated ailments,neurological diseases,and ophthalmic *** models hold great promise in advancing biomedical research due to their closer phy.iological and biochemical resemblance to humans compared to *** review aims to summarize the novel gene-editing approaches currently.available for rabbits and present the applications and prospects of such models in biomedicine,underscoring their impact and future potential in translational medicine.

关键词： Genome editing Animal model Rabbit CRISPR/Cas9 Genetic diseases

A survey.on model-based reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 59-84页

作者： Fan-Ming LUO Tian XU Hang lai Xiong-Hui CHEN Weinan ZHANG y.ng y. National Key.Laboratory.for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir. ai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Reinforcement learning(RL) interacts with the environment to solve sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error approach. Errors are alway. undesirable in real-world applications, even though RL excels at play.ng complex video games that permit several trial-and-error attempts. To improve sample efficiency.and thus reduce errors, model-based reinforcement learning(MBRL) is believed to be a promising direction, as it constructs environment models in which trial-and-errors can occur without incurring actual costs. In this survey. we investigate MBRL with a particular focus on the recent advancements in deep RL. There is a generalization error between the learned model of a non-tabular environment and the actual environment. Consequently. it is crucial to analy.e the disparity.between policy.training in the environment model and that in the actual environment, guiding algorithm design for improved model learning, model utilization, and policy.training. In addition, we discuss the recent developments of model-based techniques in other forms of RL, such as offline RL, goal-conditioned RL, multi-agent RL, and meta-RL. Furthermore,we discuss the applicability.and benefits of MBRL for real-world tasks. Finally. this survey.concludes with a discussion of the promising future development prospects for MBRL. We believe that MBRL has great unrealized potential and benefits in real-world applications, and we hope this survey.will encourage additional research on MBRL.

关键词： reinforcement learning model-based reinforcement learning planning model learning model learning with reduced error model usage

An Elastoplastic Fracture Model Based on Bond-Based Peridy.amics

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2349-2371页

作者： Liping Zu y.xun Liu Haoran Zhang Lisheng Liu Xin lai Hai Mei Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Hubei Key.Laboratory.of Theory.and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China

Fracture in ductile materials often occurs in conjunction with plastic ***,in the bond-based peridy.amic(BB-PD)theory.the classic mechanical stress is not defined *** makes it difficult to describe plasticity.directly.using the classical plastic *** address the above issue,a unified bond-based peridy.amics model was proposed as an effective tool to solve elastoplastic fracture *** to the existing models,the proposed model directly.describes the elastoplastic theory.at the bond level without the need for additional calculation *** results obtained in the context of this model are shown to be consistent with FEM results in regard to force-displacement curves,displacement fields,stress fields,and plastic deformation *** model exhibits good capability.of capturing crack propagation in ductile material failure problems.

关键词： Ductile materials plastic deformation bond-based peridy.amics isotropic hardening fracture analy.is

Kinetic study.and DFT calculation on the tetracy.line abatement by.peracetic acid

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 346-350页

作者： Dan-y.ng Xing Xiao-Dan Zhao Chuan-Shu He Bo lai College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China State Key.Laboratory.of Hy.raulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Water contamination by.tetracy.line(TC)has emerged as an environmental concern owing to its widespread use and antibiotic *** of peracetic acid(PAA)in the water and wastewater treatment has recently.been proposed and demonstrated to be effective for TC abatement,y.t the underly.ng reaction kinetics between the PAA and TC are not y.t *** explore the reaction kinetics,the effect of solution pH on TC abatement by.PAA is studied and the species-specific rate constants are *** ability.to donate and accept electrons for different species of TC and PAA is evaluated via density.functional theory.DFT)*** pH-dependent apparent second-order rate constants of TC abatement by.PAA exhibits the parabolic shape with the maximum at p H 8.5(9.75 L mol^(-1)s^(-1)).This phenomenon is closely.related to the speciation of TC and PAA,in which the reaction between PAAH and TTC^(2-)possesses the highest species-specific rate constants according to the kinetic *** DFT calculations suggest that the HOMO of TTCH^(+),TTC,TTC^(-),TTC^(2-)and the LUMO of PAAH and PAA-are–6.40,–6.26,–5.10,–4.94 e V and–0.24,0.60 e V,*** to the DFT calculations,deprotonation of TC and PAA leads to an increase of the HOMO value of TC and the LUMO value of ***,the HOMOTC–LUMOPAAvalues is in good agreement with the trend of species-specific rate constants,which can be used to evaluate the reactivity.between PAA and TC with different *** study.provides the kinetic data and theoretical basis for the reaction of PAA and TC,which is critical for the application of PAA in the treatment of water and wastewater.

关键词： Peracetic acid Tetracy.line Kinetics Rate constants DFT calculation

Regulation role of miR-204 on SIRT1/VEGF in metabolic memory.induced by.high glucose in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

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International Journal of Ophthalmology.English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1232-1237页

作者： Qiao-Ling lai Ting Xie Wei-Dong Zheng y.n Huang Department of Ophthalmology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 460060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology.Optometry Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004Fujian ProvinceChina

AIM:To examine the regulatory.role of microRNA-204(miR-204)on silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)under highglucose-induced metabolic memory.in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)***:Cells were cultured with either normal(5 mmol/L)or high D-glucose(25 mmol/L)concentrations for 8d to establish control and high-glucose groups,*** induce metabolic memory.cells were cultured with 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d followed by.culture with 5 mmol/L D-glucose for *** addition,exposed in 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d and then transfected with 100 nmol/L miR-204 control,miR-204 inhibitor or miR-204 mimic in 5 mmol/L D-glucose for *** reverse transcription-poly.erase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was used to detect miR-204 mRNA ***1 and VEGF protein levels were assessed by.immunohistochemical and Western *** cy.ometry.was used to investigate apoptosis ***:It was found that high glucose promoted miR-204 and VEGF expression,and inhibited SIRT1 activity.even after the return to normal glucose culture *** of miR-204 promoted apoptosis inhibiting SIRT1 and increasing VEGF ***,downregulation of miR-204 produced the opposite ***:The study.identifies that miR-204 is the upstream target of SIRT1and VEGF,and that miR-204 can protect hRPE cells from the damage caused by.metabolic memory.through increasing SIRT1 and inhibiting VEGF expression.

关键词： human retinal pigment epithelial metabolic memory microRNA-204 silent information regulator 1 vascular endothelial growth factor high-glucose

Comparison of different preoperative objective nutritional indices for evaluating 30-d mortality.and complications after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 143-154页

作者： Chuan Li Hong-Xia Chen y.n-Hua lai Department of Transplantation People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND The nutritional status is closely.related to the prognosis of liver transplant re-cipients,but few studies have reported the role of preoperative objective nutri-tional indices in predicting liver transplant *** To compare the predictive value of various preoperative objective nutritional indicators for determining 30-d mortality.and complications following liver transplantation(LT).METHODS A retrospective analy.is was conducted on 162 recipients who underwent LT at our institution from December 2019 to June *** This study.identified several independent risk factors associated with 30-d mor-tality.including blood loss,the prognostic nutritional index(PNI),the nutritional risk index(NRI),and the control nutritional *** 30-d mortality.rate was 8.6%.Blood loss,the NRI,and the PNI were found to be independent risk factors for the occurrence of severe postoperative *** NRI achieved the highest prediction values for 30-d mortality.area under the curve(AUC)=0.861,Py.mass index and prealbumin and albumin levels,as well as higher alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels,Model for End-stage Liver Disease scores and prothrombin time(Py.greater incidences of intraabdominal bleeding,primary.graft nonfunction,and *** The NRI has good predictive value for 30-d mortality.and severe complications following *** NRI could be an effective tool for transplant surgeons to evaluate perioperative nutritional risk and develop relevant nutritional therapy.

关键词： Liver transplantation Nutritional indicator Complications Prognosis Nutrition assessment

Realization of Low in-Band Harmonic for Compact 6–18-GHz T/R Module Under TX-Mode Operation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 380-384页

作者： Jinming lai Zhiy.u LI Chaojie WANG Hailong WANG Xiaohua MA School of Microelectronics Xidian University CETC 29th Research Institute

Wideband high power amplifier(PA) with poor harmonic suppression will degrade the performance of the active electronically.scanned array.AESA) due to its harmonic products falling into the operating bandwidth of a wideband T/R module. In view of this, a compact reconfigurable harmonic suppress circuit(HSC) is proposed to achieve low in-band harmonic for compact T/R module with multiple octaves under TX-mode operation. The HSC consists of eight microstrip resonant stubs with high impedance and multiple p-i-n switches. By.controlling the p-i-n switches, the HSC can work in three states. When six of the used p-i-n switches are “ON” state, the corresponding microstrip resonant stubs are loaded onto the 50 Ω transmission line, which performs a bandstop filter(BSF). For verification, the HSC with bandwidth of 12–15 GHz/15–18 GHz is designed to apply.to a 6–18 GHz T/R module. As a result, the second harmonic of 6–9 GHz transmitting signal can be suppressed below 32 d Bc when compared to the PA's fundamental output. While the p-i-n switches are “OFF” state, the HSC is almost the same as a 50 Ω transmission line, which will have a little effect on the 9–18 GHz transmitting signal. The measurement results approximately.agree with the calculated results and simulated results, which demonstrate the validity.of the proposed HSC.

关键词： Microstrip filters Harmonics suppression Power transmission lines PIN photodiodes Switches Harmonic analy.is Transmission line measurements

Analy.is of amino acid enantiomers in ambient aerosols:Effects and removal of coexistent aerosol matrix

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 732-740页

作者： y.ng Li Xiaoy.ng Li Libin Wu Luhan Shi ShanWang Pingqing Fu y.ngy. Zhang Senchao lai The Key.Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosy.tem Restoration in Industry.Clusters Ministry of EducationSchool of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Surface-Earth Sy.tem Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China now at Hong Kong University.of Science and Technology Hong Kong 00852China

Amino acids(AAs)including D-and L-enantiomers are a group of organic nitrogen species in ambient *** to the low abundances of AAs(level of ng/m^(3))and the matrix effects by.coexistent components,it is challenging to quantify.AA enantiomers in ambient aerosols especially.under pollution *** this study.we present an optimized method for analy.ing AA enantiomers in atmospheric aerosol samples including a pretreatment process and the detection by.high performance liquid chromatography.coupled to a fuorescence detector(HPLC-FLD).Matrix effects caused by.coexistent chemicals on AA enantiomers analy.is in ambient aerosol samples were investigated especially.for those collected in pollution *** results revealed that the determination of AA enantiomers is significantly.affected by.the coexistent organic carbon(as a proxy.of organic matter)and water-soluble ion of NH_(4)^(+).To remove the matrix effects,we applied a pretreatment using the solid phase extraction column coupled with alkaline adjustment to sample *** pretreatment,18 AAs including 6 pairs of D-and L-enantiomers(i.e.,leucine,isoleucine,valine,alanine,serine,and aspartic acid)can be successfully.separated and quantified in aerosol samples by.*** recoveries are in the range of 67%-106%.This method was successfully.applied to the urban aerosol samples from pollution and non-pollution periods for AA enantiomers *** suggest that the concentrations of D-AAs and the ratio of D-AA/L-AA are indicative of the contribution of bacterial sources and the infuence of biomass burning.

关键词： Amino acid enantiomers Atmospheric aerosol Organic carbon Ammonia Chiral ratio

中华民族自觉意识的前近代形态——以西南人群的祖源叙事为中心

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青海民族研究 2024年第3期35卷 43-52页

作者：温春来中山大学广东广州510275

近代之前大致处于“自在”状态的中华民族,已产生某种“自觉”意识。考察这一意识的切入点,是祖源叙事。内地的家谱族谱,普遍将祖源追溯至黄帝。西南人群的祖源叙事,大体上有源出内地华夏、源出内地但非华夏、本土起源、域外起源四种类... 详细信息

近代之前大致处于“自在”状态的中华民族,已产生某种“自觉”意识。考察这一意识的切入点,是祖源叙事。内地的家谱族谱,普遍将祖源追溯至黄帝。西南人群的祖源叙事,大体上有源出内地华夏、源出内地但非华夏、本土起源、域外起源四种类型,每一种都通常体现出与整个王朝以及内地的关联。在民族主义尚未兴起的前近代,在中国这样一个已有着较高整合程度的政治体中,不同区域的人群具有相通或相互关联的身份意识,而且随着国家整合的深入,这一趋势越来越明显。古代中国境内人群对自身与大一统国家之关联的“想像”,与现代中华民族的共同体意识之间,存在明显而清晰的一脉相承关系。

关键词：中华民族自觉意识中华民族共同体祖源叙事西南