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Enhanced oxidation resistance of Ce by addition of Ga and nanocrystallization

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第16期147卷 26-36页

作者： T.S.Liang y.F.Jiang H.y.Li W.Wang Q.zhang B.zhang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China The 404 Company Limited China National Nuclear CorporationLanzhou 732850China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Material Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Ce is prone to catastrophic oxidation at room temperature and its oxidation resistance is difficult to be improved by ***,we found that the oxidation resistance of active metal Ce can be significantly improved by the addition of 20 at.%*** ion beam lift-out technique and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis disclosed that a discontinuous Ga-rich layer was generated beneath the oxide layer in the coarse-grained Ce-Ga *** Ga-rich layer formed by selective oxidation of Ce acts as a diffusion barrier for Ce outward diffusion and ceases the O/M interfacial reaction when a critical concentration of Ga(75 at.%)is *** nanocrystallization,uniform distribution of Ga was *** oxidation,a relatively continuous Ga-rich layer was formed which further enhanced the oxidation *** introduction of noble elements combining with nanocrystallization may provide a novel strategy for the protection of metals with high activity and poor oxidation resistance.

关键词： Ce-Ga alloy Oxidation resistance Diffusion barrier Nanocrystallization

Thermal Properties of PHB/PEG Blends

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第1期14卷 95-96页

作者： zhang, QQ zhang, y Wang, FJ Liu, LR Wang, C Chinese Acad Med Sci Inst Biomat Engn Tianjin 300192 Peoples R China Peking Union Med Coll Tianjin 300192 Peoples R China Univ Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

Thermal properties of PHB and PHB/PEG blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and melt index (MI) test. DSC thermograms indicate that two components of blend are miscible. From the DSC thermogram, we can also conclude that the melting point of PHB descends with the increased content of PEG, this can improve PHB processing properties. From MI data, we may draw the same conclusion.

关键词： Polyesters

Alloy solidification: Assessment and improvement of an easy-to-apply model

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第35期130卷 1-11页

作者： H.Liu y.Liu S.L.Lu y.zhang H.Chen y.Chen M.Qian School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Centre for Additive Manufacturing School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia School of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

It has been a central task of solidification research to predict solute microsegregation. Apart from the Lever rule and the Scheil-Gulliver equation, which concern two extreme cases, a long list of microsegregation models has been proposed. However, the use of these models often requires essential experimental input information, e.g., the secondary dendrite arm spacing(λ), cooling rate( ˙T) or actual solidification range(△T). This requirement disables these models for alloy solidification with no measured values for λ,˙T and △T. Furthermore, not all of these required experimental data are easily obtainable. It is therefore highly desirable to have an easy-to-apply predictive model that is independent of experimental input,akin to the Lever rule or Scheil-Gulliver model. Gong, Chen, and co-workers have recently proposed such a model, referred to as the Gong-Chen model, by averaging the solid fractions(f_(s)) of the Lever rule and Scheil-Gulliver model as the actual solid fraction. We provide a systematic assessment of this model versus established solidification microsegregation models and address a latent deficiency of the model, i.e.,it allows the Lever rule solid fraction fsto be greater than one(f_(s)> 1). It is shown that the Gong-Chen model can serve as a generic model for alloy solidification until fsreaches about 0.9, beyond which(f_(s)> 0.9) its applicability is dictated by both the equilibrium solute partition coefcient(k) and the solute diffusion coefcient in the solid(Ds), which has been tabulated in detail.

关键词： Solidification Microsegregation Solute Back diffusion Eutectic formation

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFRARED RADIATION AND CRySTAL STRUCTURE IN Fe-Mn-Co-Cu-O SPINELS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2008年第1期21卷 15-20页

作者： y. zhang D.J. Wen School of Material Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215021 China

Ni^3＋ and Cr^3＋ doped Fe-Mn-Co-Cu-O spinels have been prepared by solid phase sintering. The valence states and distribution of transition ions in the spinel crystals are inferred by the consideration of thermodynamic principle and crystalline field theory. The mierostructure and performance of those are studied by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR）, and IRE-2 infrared radiant instrument. Ni3＋ and Cr3＋ occupy the vacancies or substitute the other ions in the spinel structures and form diverse spinel structures, which exhibit infrared integral emissivities of 0.93 in the whole band, and 0. 94 in the band within 14-25μm too. The content of Fe2O3 and MnO2 in the spinel crystals changes, maybe it induces infrared radiativity of spinels differently.

关键词： Crystal structure Mineral Infrared radiation property

CoRE:Constrained Robustness Evaluation of Machine Learning-Based Stability Assessment for Power Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第2期10卷 557-559页

作者： Zhenyong zhang David K.y.yau the State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data and the College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China IEEE the Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore

Dear Editor,Machine learning(ML) approaches have been widely employed to enable real-time ML-based stability assessment(MLSA) of largescale automated electricity grids. However, the vulnerability of MLSA to malicious cyber-attacks may lead to wrong decisions in operating the physical grid if its resilience properties are not well understood before deployment. Unlike adversarial ML in prior domains such as image processing, specific constraints of power systems that the attacker must obey in constructing adversarial samples require new research on MLSA vulnerability analysis for power systems.

关键词： enable constraints Power

ON FATIGUE CRACK PATH DEVIATION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE IN ELECTRON BEAM REPAIRED WELDMENTS OF TURBINE DISK

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 584-590页

作者： H.Q.zhang H.y.Zhao y.H.zhang L.H.Li X.A.zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsBeijing 100083 ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsBeijing 100083 ChinaBeijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095 China

Fatigue crack growth behaviors in electron beam weldments of a nickel-base superalloy are studied. The objective of this paper is to discuss effects of the inhomogeneity of mechanical performance on fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate and crack path deviation (CPD). The base metal served in a turbine disk of aerospace engine was selected to fabricate bead-on-plate weldments by using electron beam welding. Some wedge-type opening loading specimens, notched in three different zone of weld metal, HAZ and base metal, were employed and performed fatigue crack growth tests at 650℃. The results show that the fatigue crack growth of electron beam welded joints is instable due to the influence of mechanical heterogeneities. Owing to the crack deviation at the weld metal and heat-affected-zone (HAZ), the effective growth driving force at the tip of fatigue crack was reduced with the reduction of the effective stress intensity factor (SIF) which finally causes fatigue crack rate decrease. Fatigue crack was strongly affected by size and the symmetrical characteristics of the plastic zone at the crack tip, which means that the integrity of the welded structure containing the fatigue crack mainly depended on the toughness of the low strength zone.

关键词： fatigue crack growth crack path deviation electron beam welding inhomogeneity of mechanical performance

Designing hetero-structured ultra-strong and ductile Zr-2.5Nb alloys:Utilizing the grain size-dependent martensite transformation during quenching

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 198-211页

作者： S.y.Liu J.y.zhang J.Kuang X.y.Bao D.D.zhang C.L.zhang J.K.yang G.Liu J.Sun State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

To further improve the service performance of Zr-2.5Nb alloy worked as pressure tubes in pressurized heavy water reactors,more investigation about the microstructure and thermomechanical processing route of Zr-2.5Nb alloy need to be *** this work,a hetero-structured Zr-2.5Nb alloy was prepared by applying a novel *** analysis reveals that the alloy exhibits a grain sizedependent martensite substructure transition during post-rolling *** hetero-structure consists of equiaxed primaryαgrains and the lamellae groups containing both parallelα’dislocation martensite andα’twin *** with the previously reported Zr-Nb alloys,the present Zr-2.5Nb alloys manifest the highest yield strength(∼710 MPa),together with a high ultimate tensile strength(∼844 MPa)and good ductility(∼17.1%).The enhanced mechanical properties are found to arise from the properly controlled fraction/size of the two types of martensite,which not only significantly strengthens the alloy but also contributes to a stronger strain hardening.A model based on the grain-size-dependent critical resolved shear stress for dislocation slip and twinning has been proposed to explain theα’martensite substructures transition at a critical grain size dc=3.3μ*** this size,the critical resolved shear stress(CRSS)for twinning is higher than that for the***,theα’dislocation martensite is more favorable to ***,theα’twin martensite would exhibit a high *** present work indicates that making use of the grain size-dependent martensite transformation to tailor the heterostructure in Zr alloys is an effective strategy to overcome the strength–ductility trade-off in the material.

关键词： Zr-Nb alloys Heterogeneous structure Martensitic transformation Grain size Strength

Unusual He-ion irradiation strengthening and inverse layer thickness-dependent strain rate sensitivity in transformable high-entropy alloy/metal nanolaminates:A comparison of Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)/Cu vs Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Ni_(10)/Cu

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第21期116卷 199-213页

作者： y.F.Zhao H.H.Chen D.D.zhang J.y.zhang y.Q.Wang K.Wu G.Liu J.Sun State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

In this work,we prepare transformable HEA/Cu nanolaminates(NLs)with equal individual layer thick-ness(h)by the magnetron sputtering technique,i.e.,Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)/Cu and Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Ni_(10)/Cu,and comparatively study He-ion irradiation effects on their microstructure and mechanical *** ap-pears that the as-deposited HEA/Cu NLs manifest two size h-dependent hardness regimes(i.e.,increased hardness at small h and hardness plateau at large h),while the He-implanted ones exhibit monotonically increased *** to the fashion that smaller h renders less irradiation hardening in bimetal NLs,the Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)/Cu NLs manifest the trend that smaller h leads to greater irradiation *** contrast,the Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Ni_(10)/Cu NLs exhibit the maximum irradiation hardening at a critical h=50 *** this critical size,smaller h results in lower radiation hardening(similar to bimetal NLs),while above this size,smaller h results in greater radiation hardening(similar to Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)/Cu NLs).Moreover,these transformable HEA/Cu NLs display inverse h-dependent strain rate sensitivity(SRS m)before and after He-ion ***,compared with as-deposited samples,the irradi-ated Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)/Cu NLs display reduced SRS,while the irradiated Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Ni_(10)/Cu NLs dis-play enhanced *** unusual size-dependent irradiation strengthening and inverse h effect on SRS in irradiated samples were rationalized by considering the blocking effects of He bubbles on dislocation nucleation and motion,i.e.,dislocations shearing or bypassing He bubbles.

关键词： High entropy alloy/metal nanolaminates Interfaces Irradiation hardening Strain rate sensitivity Size effects

Characteristics of urban ozone level in Hong kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： D.y.C.LEUNG D.N.zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina Research Institute of Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The long term trend of ozone level in Hong Kong has been investigated. One of the characteristics of ozone level in Hong Kong is the existence of autumn maximum and summer minimum. Observations of the diurnal variation of ozone level have been made in different area categories. There are early morning peak and afternoon peak occurred in the diurnal variation, which are different from some metropolitans where only an afternoon peak is observed. A negative correlation coefficient was found between monthly ozone level with nitric oxide level. On the contrary, there is a positive correlation between ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The positive correlation coefficient between nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide shows that the total amount of nitric oxide emitted from a series of moving and fixed sources greatly exceeded the stoichiometric amount of ozone formed from chemical reactions of precursors and long distance transportation.

关键词： ozone urban air pollution Hong kong China