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Entransy: its physical basis, applications and limitations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第36期59卷 5309-5323页

作者： xue-tao cheng Xin-Gang Liang Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University

In this paper, the physical basis and application conditions of the entransy theory are reviewed and discussed. Entransy can be obtained from the analogy between heat and electrical conductions. It is a state value and the‘‘potential energy'' of heat. From the viewpoint of thermomass, it reflects the thermal energy of the thermomass in an object. Furthermore, it was also related to the microstate number and is a single value function of the microstate number. The concepts of entransy, entransy flux and entransy dissipation can be used to express the least action of heat transfer. The entransy balance equations for heat transfer and thermodynamic processes and their applications to thermal systems are also reviewed. The differences between the entransy theory, constructal theory, entropy generation minimization, exergy analyses method, principle of uniformity of temperature difference field and field synergy(coordination) principle are also discussed. The entransy theory is different from the other discussed theories. The limitations of the entransy theory are also discussed.

关键词：应用程序物理基础微观状态数热力学过程平衡方程构形理论火用分析热系统

A Hierarchical-Equation-of-Motion Based Semiclassical Approach to Quantum Dissipation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2018年第4期31卷 608-612,616页

作者： Rui-xue Xu xue-cheng tao Yao Wang Yang Liu Hou-dao Zhang YiJing Yan Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials（iChEM） University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230025China

We present a semiclassical （SC） approach for quantum dissipative dynamics, constructed on basis of the hierarchical-equation-of-motion （HEOM） formalism. The dynamical components considered in the developed SC-HEOM are wavepackets＇ phase-space moments of not only the primary reduced system density operator but also the auxiliary density operators （ADOs） of HEOM. It is a highly numerically efficient method, meanwhile taking into account the high-order effcts of system-bath couplings. The SC-HEOM methodology is exemplified in this work on the hierarchical quantum master equation [J. Chem. Phys. 131, 214111 （2009）] and numerically demonstrated on linear spectra of anharmonic oscillators.

关键词： Quantum dissipation Semiclassical approach Hierarchical-equation-of-motion Anharmonic oscillators Phase-space moments

从ChatGPT到Sora:数字转型背景下外语教学的机遇与挑战

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语言与教育研究 2024年第2期8卷 5-11页

作者：陶雪城安徽工程大学外国语学院安徽芜湖241000

数字化转型助推生成式人工智能技术在各领域的广泛应用,外语教学概莫能外。ChatGPT和Sora等人工智能工具作为当前最先进的语言及视频生成模型,在外语教学中的应用具有很大潜力和优势。文本从数字化转型背景下人工智能技术应用的角度出发... 详细信息

数字化转型助推生成式人工智能技术在各领域的广泛应用,外语教学概莫能外。ChatGPT和Sora等人工智能工具作为当前最先进的语言及视频生成模型,在外语教学中的应用具有很大潜力和优势。文本从数字化转型背景下人工智能技术应用的角度出发,探讨ChatGPT和Sora给外语教学带来的机遇和挑战,并提出相应的应对措施,以期为外语教学提供更加智能化、多样化的教学方案和服务。

关键词： ChatGPT Sora 数字化转型外语教学机遇挑战

浅析大数据时代MOOCs对大学英语教学的挑战

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西华大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2015年第5期34卷 108-112页

作者：陶雪城安徽工程大学外国语学院安徽芜湖241000

大数据隐含着巨大价值,是一种重要的战略资源。本文以MOOCs为例,首先简述了MOOCs的发展历程和大数据时代MOOCs的主要特征,然后从教学模式、师生关系和课程设置三个方面探讨了大数据时代MOOCs对大学英语教学的挑战,以期对大学英语教学改... 详细信息

大数据隐含着巨大价值,是一种重要的战略资源。本文以MOOCs为例,首先简述了MOOCs的发展历程和大数据时代MOOCs的主要特征,然后从教学模式、师生关系和课程设置三个方面探讨了大数据时代MOOCs对大学英语教学的挑战,以期对大学英语教学改革有一定的启示意义。

关键词：大数据 MOOCs 大学英语教学挑战

Preparation of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy from Fe^(3+)-Co^(2+)-Ni^(2+)solution system

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 92-101页

作者： Zongyou cheng Qing Zhao Mengjie tao Jijun Du Xingxi Huang chengjun Liu Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

In recent years,medium entropy alloys have become a research hotspot due to their excellent physical and chemical *** controlling reasonable elemental composition and processing parameters,the medium entropy alloys can exhibit similar properties to high entropy alloys and have lower *** this paper,a FeCoNi medium entropy alloy precursor was prepared via sol-gel and coprecipitation methods,respectively,and FeCoNi medium entropy alloys were prepared by carbothermal and hydrogen *** phases and magnetic properties of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy were *** showed that FeCoNi medium entropy alloy was produced by carbothermal and hydrogen reduction at 1500℃.Some carbon was detected in the FeCoNi medium entropy alloy prepared by carbothermal *** alloy prepared by hydrogen reduction was uniform and showed a relatively high ***,the hydrogen reduction product exhibited better saturation magnetization and lower coercivity.

关键词： medium entropy alloy sol-gel co-precipitation carbothermal hydrogen reduction

Real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of vonoprazanamoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori treatment in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 68-78页

作者： Wen Gao Jing-Wen Li Hui Ye xue-Zhi Zhang Jian-Xiang Liu Hong cheng Department of Gastroenterology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China School of Medicine Tsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100034China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Integrative Medicine Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

BACKGROUND A dual therapy regimen containing amoxicillin is a common treatment option for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori(***).While substantial research supports the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and amoxicillin(VA)dual therapy in the general population,there is still a lack of studies specifically focusing on its safety in elderly *** To evaluate efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy as first-line or rescue treatment for *** in elderly *** As a real-world retrospective study,data were collected from elderly patients aged 60 years and above who accepted VA dual therapy(vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily+amoxicillin 1000 mg thrice daily for 14 days)for *** eradication in the Department of Gastroenterology at Peking University First Hospital between June 2020 and January *** status was evaluated by^(13)C-urease breath test 6 weeks after *** adverse events(AEs)during treatment were *** In total,401 cases were ***-one cases were excluded due to loss to follow-up,lack of re-examination,or unwillingness to take *** total of 380 included cases comprised 250 who received VA dual therapy as first-line treatment and 130 who received VA dual therapy as rescue *** was successfully eradicated in 239 cases(95.6%)in the first-line treatment group and 116 cases(89.2%)in the rescue treatment *** overall incidence of AEs was 9.5%for both ***,9.2%of patients experienced an AE in the first-line treatment group and 10.0%in the rescue treatment *** patients discontinued treatment due to AE,with a discontinuation rate of 1.3%.No serious AE *** The VA dual therapy regimen as a first-line treatment and a rescue therapy was effective and safe for elderly patients aged 60 and older.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Vonoprazan Amoxicillin Dual therapy Elderly

Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell heterogeneity in the human spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yali Chen Yiyong Wei Jin Liu tao Zhu cheng Zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Glial cells play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions,including sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cells include astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system,and satellite glial cells and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous *** the greater understanding of glial cell types and functional heterogeneity achieved through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profiles of glial cells in the human spinal ***,we used high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the human spinal *** explore the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subclusters,*** comparative results revealed substantial heterogeneity in all glial cell types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal cord glial ***,in all astrocyte subtypes,the levels of NEAT1 and CHI3L1 were higher in males than in females,whereas the levels of CST3 were lower in males than in *** all microglial subtypes,all differentially expressed genes were located on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the levels of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in all spinal cord oligodendrocyte subtypes were higher in females than in ***,the present dataset extensively characterizes glial cell heterogeneity and offers a valuable resource for explo

关键词： astrocyte glial cell human microglia oligodendrocyte sex differentiation single-nucleus RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics species variation spinal cord

维持性血液透析患者家庭功能与自我管理能力相关性研究

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中国现代医学杂志 2016年第18期26卷 80-83页

作者：程雪涛冯雪刘国莲马楠楠武警宁夏总队医院血液透析中心宁夏银川750004 宁夏医科大学护理学院宁夏银川750004

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者家庭功能与自我管理能力的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法选取2015年7月-2015年9月于武警宁夏总队医院行维持性血液透析且满足纳入标准的患者142例,应用APGAR家庭功能评估表、血液透析患者自我管理量表进行调查... 详细信息

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者家庭功能与自我管理能力的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法选取2015年7月-2015年9月于武警宁夏总队医院行维持性血液透析且满足纳入标准的患者142例,应用APGAR家庭功能评估表、血液透析患者自我管理量表进行调查。结果维持性血液透析患者家庭功能总得分为(8.12±2.40)分,家庭功能良好者占79.6%。自我管理行为总得分为(54.42±10.51)分,自我管理能力处于中低水平者占76.1%(108例);且患者家庭功能总得分与自我管理能力总得分比较,差异有统计学意义(r=0.230,P<0.05)。结论维持性血液透析患者良好的家庭功能有助于其自我管理能力的改善和提高。

关键词：维持性血液透析家庭功能自我管理能力

Spontaneous Orientation Polarization of Anisotropic Equivalent Dipoles Harnessed by Entropy Engineering for Ultra‑Thin Electromagnetic Wave Absorber

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 424-438页

作者： Honghan Wang Xinyu Xiao Shangru Zhai Chuang xue Guangping Zheng Deqing Zhang Renchao Che Junye cheng Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefinerySchool of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034People’s Republic of China School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 517182People’s Republic of China

The synthesis of carbon supporter/nanoscale high-entropy alloys(HEAs)electromagnetic response composites by carbothermal shock method has been identified as an advanced strategy for the collaborative competition engineering of conductive/dielectric *** migration modes within HEAs as manipulated by the electronegativity,valence electron configurations and molar proportions of constituent elements determine the steady state and efficiency of equivalent ***,enlightened by skin-like effect,a reformative carbothermal shock method using carbonized cellulose paper(CCP)as carbon supporter is used to preserve the oxygencontaining functional groups(O·)of carbonized cellulose fibers(CCF).Nucleation of HEAs and construction of emblematic shell-core CCF/HEAs heterointerfaces are inextricably linked to carbon metabolism induced by O·.Meanwhile,the electron migration mode of switchable electronrich sites promotes the orientation polarization of anisotropic equivalent *** virtue of the reinforcement strategy,CCP/HEAs composite prepared by 35%molar ratio of Mn element(CCP/HEAs-Mn_(2.15))achieves efficient electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption of−51.35 dB at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.03 *** mechanisms of the resulting dielectric properties of HEAs-based EMW absorbing materials are elucidated by combining theoretical calculations with experimental characterizations,which provide theoretical bases and feasible strategies for the simulation and practical application of electromagnetic functional devices(e.g.,ultra-wideband bandpass filter).

关键词： High-entropy alloys Carbothermal shock Switchable electron migration modes Emblematic shell-core heterointerfaces Ultra-thin thickness