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Salicylic Acid Regulates Pollen Tip Growth ：hrough an NPR3/NPR4-1ndependent Pathway

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Molecular Plant 2016年第11期9卷 1478-1491页

作者： Duoyan Rong Nan Luo Jean Claude Mollet xuanming liu Zhenbiao Yang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation College of Biology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute of Integrated Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Normandie Univ UniRouen Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire V6getale Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine Vegetal Agronomie Sol et Innovation 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan France

Tip growth is a common strategy for the rapid elongation of cells to forage the environment and/or to target to long-distance destinations. In the model tip growth system of Arabidopsis pollen tubes, several small- molecule hormones regulate their elongation, but how these rapidly diffusing molecules control extremely localized growth remains mysterious. Here we show that the interconvertible salicylic acid （SA） and meth- ylated SA （MESA）, well characterized for their roles in plant defense, oppositely regulate Arabidopsis pollen tip growth with SA being inhibitory and MeSA stimulatory. The effect of SA and MeSA was independent of known NPR3/NPR4 SA receptor-mediated signaling pathways. SA inhibited clathrin-mediated endocytosis in pollen tubes associated with an increased accumulation of less stretchable demethylated pectin in the apical wall, whereas MeSA did the opposite. Furthermore, SA and MeSA alter the apical activation of ROP1 GTPase, a key regulator of tip growth in pollen tubes, in an opposite manner. Interestingly, both MeSA methylesterase and SA methyltransferase, which catalyze the interconversion between SA and MESA, are localized at the apical region of pollen tubes, indicating of the tip-localized production of SA and MeSA and consistent with their effects on the apical cellular activities. These findings suggest that local generation of a highly diffusible signal can regulate polarized cell growth, providing a novel mechanism of cell polarity control apart from the one involving protein and mRNA polarization.

关键词： SA (salicylic acid) MeSA (methyl salicylic acid) endocytosis FM4-64 CRIB4-GFP ROP activity

FERONIA cytoplasmic domain:node of varied signal outputs

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aBIOTECH 2020年第2期1卷 135-146页

作者： Jia Chen Sirui Zhu Zhenhua Ming xuanming liu Feng Yu State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of BiologyHunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082P.R.China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004P.R.China

The receptor-like kinase(RLK)FERONIA(FER),located on the plasma membrane,belongs to the Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like kinase family(CrRLK1L)and participates in widespread biological processes in plants in a context-dependent *** studies in Arabidopsis illustrated the versatile roles that FER plays in fertilization,vegetative growth,defense and stress responses,cell-wall homeostasis,as well as protein *** studies also helped to identify genes and signal pathways involved in FER signal *** increasingly larger numbers of studies discussing how FER senses its ligand,Rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)peptides,and further regulates downstream factors,few have shown the mechanisms of how FER mediates the specific regulation of downstream signals in context of the phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic *** understanding this would help in better understanding the diversity and complexity of FER function,this paper aims to review the roles of FER in regulating different signal outputs from the view of the role of its cytoplasmic domain.

关键词： FER Cytoplasmic domain Phosphorylation sites Kinase activity RALF peptides

Construction and Validation of a Dual-Transgene Vector System for Stable Transformation in Plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第4期43卷 207-215页

作者： Zhimin He Bin liu Xu Wang Mingdi Bian Reqing He Jindong Yan Ming Zhong Xiaoying Zhao xuanming liu Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation College of Biology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Department of Molecular Cell & Developmental Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China College of Plant Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130062 China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

In this study,we constructed dual-transgene vectors（pDT1,pDT7,and pDT7G） that simultaneously co-expressed two genes in ***2 and UBQ10 promoters were used to control the expression of these two *** 4×Myc.3×HA,and 3×Flag reporter genes allowed for the convenient identification of a tunable co-expression system in plants,whereas the dexamethasone（Dex） inducible reporter gene C-terminus of the glucocorticoid receptor（cGR） provided Dex-dependent translocation of the fusion gene between the nucleus and *** function of pDT vectors was validated using four pairwise genes in Nicotiana benthamiana or Anihidopsis *** co-expression efficiency of two genes from the pDT1 and pDT7 G vectors was 35%and 42%,respectively,which ensured the generation of sufficient transgenic *** pDT vectors are simple,reliable,efficient,and time-saving tools for the co-expression of two genes through a single transformation event and can be used in the study of protein-protein interactions or multi-component complexes.

关键词： Co-expression Dual-transgene vector pDT1 pDT7 pDT7G

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles: Preparation and application in drug carrier

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第21期52卷 2913-2918页

作者： YU DanMi XIAO SuYao TONG ChunYi CHEN Lin liu xuanming State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Insitute of Life Science and Technology Research Center of Bio-logical Energy Sources & Biomaterial Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles (DASNP) were prepared by the redox reaction of NaIO4 and starch in water-in-oil microemulsion. IR spectrum showed that DASNP had aldehyde groups, and quantitative alkali consumption showed that its dialdehyde content was about (50±5)%. The average diameter of DASNP determined by SEM was about 100 nm. TGA-DTA showed that its thermal stability was better than starch nanoparticle (StNP) and dialdehyde starch (DAS). Its low biological toxicity was detected by cell experiment. Also the best mass ratio of doxorubicin (DOX) to combined DASNP detected by UV-VIS was 15 : 1, and the product was effective for controlled release of DOX. The cell experiment showed that the drug-carrier particle (DOX-DASNP) can release DOX for a long time and strengthened the effect of the anticancer drug. This work demonstrates that the DASNP, which has good thermal stability, small particle size, low biological toxicity, and slowly anticancer drug-releasing to strengthen drug effect, is a potentially useful carrier for anticancer drug.

关键词：乳腺癌细胞毫微粒药物依赖性阿霉素

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles as antitumor drug delivery system:An in vitro,in vivo,and immunohistological evaluation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第24期57卷 3226-3232页

作者： XIAO SuYao liu xuanming TONG ChunYi ZHAO LiChao liu XiaoJuan ZHOU AiMei CAO Yong College of Food Science South China Agricultural University.Guangzhou 510642China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Sustaining the release of therapeutic nanoparticles in a cell-, tissue-, or disease-specific manner is a potentially powerful technology. A new drug carrier-dialdehyde starch nanoparticle (DASNP) that can sustain the loading and release of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) antitumor drug is reported in this study. IR spectrophotometer and 1H NMR confirmed the formation of aldehyde groups, and scan electron microscope determinations showed that the dialdehyde starch nanoparticles obtained had an average diameter of 90 nm. 5-Fu, the model drug, was conjugated into nanoparticles by aldehyde groups. These 5-Fu-binding nanoparticles significantly enhanced breast cancer cell (MCF-7) inhibition in vitro compared with free 5-Fu. After subcutaneous 0 injection in the breast tumor-loaded rats, 5-Fu-DASNP exhibited remarkable tumor-inhibitory efficacy determined by measuring tumor weight in vivo. The tumor inhibition of 5-Fu-DASNP was 61%±6%, whereas that of free 5-Fu was only 42%±4%. Bcl-2/Bax immunohistochem-istry studies indicated that 5-Fu-DASNP remarkably induced tumor tissue necrosis. These results demonstrated that the DASNP prepared in this work is a potentially effective drug carrier.

关键词：抗癌药物纳米颗粒双醛淀粉体外抑制输送系统免疫组化体内 Bcl-2/Bax

Development and application of tumor-targeting magnetic nanoparticles FA-StNP@Fe_2O_3 for hyperthermia

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第17期54卷 2998-3004页

作者： ZHENG YuanQing TONG ChunYi WANG Bei XIE Ying LIAO HongDong LI Dan liu xuanming State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosening and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China State Key Laboratory of Chemo Research Center of Biological Energy Sources and BiomaterialHunan University Changsha 410082 China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Modified magnetic starch nanoparticles (FA-StNP@Fe2O3) were synthesized by conjugating folic acid (FA-PEG-NH2) onto the surface of magnetic starch nanoparticles (StNP@Fe2O3) prepared by reverse microemulsion method. The synthesized FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis. The average size of its well dispersed particles was 250 nm. The iron concentration of 2 mg/g was detected by phenanthroline method. Placing FA-StNP@Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the alternating magnetic field for 30 min resulted in an increase in the suspension temperature from ambient temperature (37℃) to a value between 42℃ and 43℃. Co-cultured nanoparticles and Hela cell line or normal HUEC-12 cell line, and the biological effects at the cellular level were investigated in the alternating magnetic field using MTT assay, Hochest-PI double staining and flow cytometry analysis. Experimental results showed that FA-StNP@Fe2O3 within acertain concentration range has no obvious effect on cell proliferation. When treated in the magnetic field, apoptosis rate on Hela induced by FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was 13.4%. Prussian blue staining analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles modified with folic acid had improved ability in tumor cell-targeting, and therefore, potential applications in biomedical and magnetocaloric areas. It is expected be applied in tumor targeting therapy in the near future.

关键词：应用铁纳米粒子 Hela细胞透射电子显微镜流式细胞仪分析热疗反相微乳液法交变磁场

Preparation of folate-conjugated starch nanoparticles and its application to tumor-targeted drug delivery vector

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第14期51卷 1693-1697页

作者： XlAO Suyao TONG Chunyi liu xuanming YU Danmi liu Qiaoling XUE Changgang TANG Dongyin ZHAO Lijian State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics LifeScience and Technology Institute Hunan University Changsha 410082China

Anion starch nanoparticles (StNP) were prepared in water-in-oil microemulsion. Folate modi-fied with PEG was conjugated to the surface of StNP to obtain the folate-conjugated starch nanoparticles (FA-PEG/StNP). The average diameter of FA-PEG/ StNP determined by AFM and Zeta-Sizer apparatus was about 130 nm. Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded FA- PEG/StNP was obtained via infiltrating combination. The result of UV spectrophotometer showed that the saturation concentration of DOX-loaded FA-PEG/ StNP was 28 μg/mg, which was effective for the con-trolled release of anticancer drug DOX. The cell ex-periments showed that the Lc50 of DOX-loaded FA-PEG/StNP and DOX-loaded StNP was higher than that of DOX, which indicates that FA-PEG/StNP and StNP can decrease the toxicity of DOX; while the lethal rate of DOX-loaded FA-PEG/StNP was 3 times that of DOX-loaded StNP with the same quantity of DOX, which indicates that FA in FA-PEG/StNP is ef-fective for improving the targeting function of nanoparticles, thus enhancing the inhibition effect of anticancer drug to cancer cell. This work demon-strates that the FA-PEG/StNP system is a potentially useful system for the targeted delivery of anticancer drug DOX.

关键词：叶酸受体肿瘤细胞药物输送阴离子淀粉乳酸 FA-PEG/ StNP

Transcriptome-wide profiling of RNA N^(4)-cytidine acetylation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa

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Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 1082-1098页

作者： Bin Li Donghao Li Linjun Cai Qiting Zhou Cong liu Jianzhong Lin Yixing Li Xiaoying Zhao Li Li xuanming liu Chongsheng He College of Biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid RapeseedHunan UniversityChangsha410082 Hunan 410082China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaChina

Acetylation of N^(4)-cytidine(ac^(4)C)has recently been discovered as a novel modification of *** ac^(4)C modification has been shown to be a key regulator of RNA stability,RNA translation,and the thermal stress ***,its existence in eukaryotic mRNAs is still *** plants,the existence,distribution pattern,and potential function of RNA ac^(4)C modification are largely *** we report the presence of ac^(4)C in the mRNAs of both Arabidopsis thaliana and rice(Oryza sativa).By comparing two ac^(4)C sequencing methods,we found that RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing(acRIP-seq),but not ac^(4)C sequencing,was suitable for plant RNA ac^(4)C *** present transcriptome-wide atlases of RNA ac^(4)C modification in *** and rice mRNAs obtained by *** of the distribution of RNA ac^(4)C modifications showed that ac^(4)C is enriched near translation start sites in rice mRNAs and near translation start sites and translation end sites in Arabidopsis *** RNA ac^(4)C modification level is positively correlated with RNA half-life and the number of splicing *** to that in mammals,the translation efficiency of ac^(4)C target genes is significantly higher than that of other *** in vitro translation results confirmed that RNA ac^(4)C modification enhances translation *** also found that RNA ac^(4)C modification is negatively correlated with RNA *** results suggest that ac^(4)C is a conserved mRNA modification in plants that contributes to RNA stability,splicing,translation,and secondary structure formation.

关键词： N^(4)-acetylcytidine epitranscriptome Arabidopsis thaliana Oryza sativa

Shortened Basal Internodes Encodes a Gibberellin 2-Oxidase and Contributes to Lodging Resistance in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2018年第2期11卷 288-299页

作者： Chang liu Jinshan Gui Chenjian Fu Hasi Yu Dongliang Song Junhui Shen Peng Qin xuanming liu Bin Han Yuanzhu Yang Laigeng Li National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Yuan Longping Agriculture High-Tech Co. Ltd. Hunan 410001 China Hunan University Hunan 410082 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Center of Plant Gene Research and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200233 China Hunan Ava Seed Research Institute Hunan 410119 China Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Disease and Insect-Resistant Rice Breeding Hunan 410119 China

Breeding semi-dwarf varieties to improve lodging resistance has been proven to be enormously successful in increasing grain yield since the advent of the ＂green revolution.＂ However, the breeding of the majority of semi-dwarf rice varieties in Asia has been dependent mainly on genetic introduction of the mutant alleles of SD1, which encodes a gibberellin （GA） 20-oxidase, OsGA20ox2, for catalyzing GA biosynthesis. Here, we report a new rice lodging-resistance gene, Shortened Basal lnternodes （SBI）, which encodes a gibberellin 2- oxidase and specifically controls the elongation of culm basal internodes through deactivating GA activity. SBI is predominantly expressed in culm basal internodes. Genetic analyses indicate that SBI is a semidominant gene affecting rice height and lodging resistance. SBI allelic variants display different activities and are associated with the height of rice varieties. Breeding with higher activity of the SBI allele generates new rice varieties with improved lodging resistance and increased yield. The discovery of the SB! provides a desirable gene resource for producing semi-dwarf rice phenotypes and offers an effective strategy for breeding rice varieties with enhanced lodging resistance and high yield.

关键词： Shortened Basal Internodes gibberellin activity lodging resistance yield rice