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场地重金属污染土壤固化及MICP技术研究进展

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环境科学 2024年第5期45卷 2939-2951页

作者：陈玥如高文艳陈虹任薛生国吴川中南大学冶金与环境学院长沙410083 国家重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心长沙410083

冶炼场地土壤重金属污染是亟待解决的重要环境问题.固化修复技术因其修复时间少、成本低、处理效率高已成为污染场地重金属修复的主流技术之一.总结了近10年来有关固化修复场地重金属污染的最新研究进展,从重金属固化修复机制入手,对比... 详细信息

冶炼场地土壤重金属污染是亟待解决的重要环境问题.固化修复技术因其修复时间少、成本低、处理效率高已成为污染场地重金属修复的主流技术之一.总结了近10年来有关固化修复场地重金属污染的最新研究进展,从重金属固化修复机制入手,对比分析了不同固化方式[无机材料固化、有机材料固化、机械球磨和微生物诱导碳酸盐成矿(MICP)]的优缺点及其适用范围.随后,根据文献计量学分析所呈现的研究重点及发展趋势,从MICP在重金属修复中的应用、MICP复合材料在污染场地中的应用和MICP技术应用的影响因素这3个方面对微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀技术固化场地重金属污染的应用前景及限制因素进行了总结和阐述.最后提出了土壤固化研究的前景和挑战,以期为场地土壤固化技术的未来发展提供借鉴参考.

关键词：重金属土壤修复固化技术污染场地微生物诱导碳酸盐成矿(MICP)

pH对铜冶炼烟尘中重金属浸出行为的影响及其矿物学控制机理

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第4期31卷 1121-1135页

作者：王小燕肖细元郭朝晖彭驰 RICHMOND Anaman 薛生国 BRIDGET Ataa School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

以某废弃铜冶炼厂收集的铜冶炼烟尘作为样本,采用TCLP毒性浸出和宽溶液pH(3~13)范围浸出实验,研究了铜冶炼烟尘中重金属的释放行为及其矿物学控制机制。结果表明,TCLP浸出液中As、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn浓度分别是我国《危险废物鉴别标准浸出... 详细信息

以某废弃铜冶炼厂收集的铜冶炼烟尘作为样本,采用TCLP毒性浸出和宽溶液pH(3~13)范围浸出实验,研究了铜冶炼烟尘中重金属的释放行为及其矿物学控制机制。结果表明,TCLP浸出液中As、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn浓度分别是我国《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)中相应元素限值的704倍、82.7倍、2.08倍、3.1倍和3.26倍。在整个溶液pH处理范围内,As的释放率高达26.0%~28.1%。在酸性条件下Cd、Cu和Zn的浸出率明显较高,而Pb在pH 13.0时释放率较高。地球化学分析表明,在pH 5.5~11.5的溶液处理下,As的溶解度部分受新形成的Ca、Cu、Pb和Zn砷酸盐控制,而Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn的溶解度主要受碱性条件下氢氧化物沉淀形成控制。BCR顺序提取和XRD分析表明,浸出液中Cd和Zn浓度较高与其在灰尘中赋存活性态比例高一致。研究结果为烟尘处理或处置防止重金属污染提供科学指导。

关键词：烟尘形态溶解度化学形态释放重金属

某废弃冶炼场地土壤不同粒径组分重金属的特征及其对修复策略的启示

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第4期31卷 1076-1091页

作者：赵鹏 Muhammad ADNAN 肖佩文杨雪枫王海燕肖保华薛生国 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

颗粒粒径组分对土壤重金属的分布与赋存具有重要影响,而当前对受冶炼活动影响的不同区域间土壤各粒径组分重金属分布的比较研究较少。本研究以某废弃铅冶炼场地为研究对象,选取三个土壤剖面(冶炼固废堆存区、交通区和邻近的农田),对比... 详细信息

颗粒粒径组分对土壤重金属的分布与赋存具有重要影响,而当前对受冶炼活动影响的不同区域间土壤各粒径组分重金属分布的比较研究较少。本研究以某废弃铅冶炼场地为研究对象,选取三个土壤剖面(冶炼固废堆存区、交通区和邻近的农田),对比研究了不同土壤颗粒粒径组分(>150、45~150和45μm)具有较高的重金属质量负载量(>50%),且废渣颗粒对土壤重金属的贡献显著,故物理分离技术可用于该场地的土壤污染修复。此外,石膏和莫来石可能是该场地受冶炼活动影响土壤的指示矿物。本研究将冶炼活动影响与土壤不同粒径组分重金属的赋存形态相关联,对修复策略具有一定的指导意义。

关键词：废弃铅冶炼场地土壤重金属颗粒粒径组分地球化学形态废渣物理分离技术

表面活性剂改性SiO_(2)/FeS纳米复合材料对镉污染的修复研究

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第4期31卷 1163-1177页

作者：刘鸿钰吕华港张闻江钧李小红薛生国 School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China

本文以SiO_(2)为载体和以CMC和SDBS及两者复配修饰得到硫化亚铁浆剂,发现CMC/SDBS 1:3质量比修饰SiO_(2)/FeS(表活剂和FeS质量比为1:1)的分散性和抗氧化性的效果可双向提高。在研究材料中,CMC/SDBS 1:3复配修饰SiO_(2)/FeS浆剂的粒径最... 详细信息

本文以SiO_(2)为载体和以CMC和SDBS及两者复配修饰得到硫化亚铁浆剂,发现CMC/SDBS 1:3质量比修饰SiO_(2)/FeS(表活剂和FeS质量比为1:1)的分散性和抗氧化性的效果可双向提高。在研究材料中,CMC/SDBS 1:3复配修饰SiO_(2)/FeS浆剂的粒径最小(D_(50)=0.66μm)、Zeta电位绝对值最大(值达到30 mV以上)。SiO_(2)/FeS-CMC/SDBS 1:3对镉污染溶液修复效果好,且Cd(Ⅱ)主要通过离子交换和化学沉淀作用形成CdS和CdSO_(4)产物(产物形态稳定)。在空气环境和氮气环境中,SiO_(2)/FeS-CMC/SDBS 1:3对镉的吸附量差距不大,30 d达到158 mg/g左右。特别地,在修复低浓度镉污染时,SiO_(2)/FeS-CMC/SDBS 1:3的吸附量比SiO_(2)/FeS-CMC和SiO_(2)/FeS-SDBS的吸附量大,且没有酸化风险。本研究揭示了CMC和SDBS复配修饰SiO_(2)/FeS分散稳定性的提高及其在镉污染地下水修复中的应用,为Cd污染地下水原位修复提供科学依据。

关键词：表面活性剂 nFeS 镉修复机理抗氧化

Rehabilitation of bauxite residue to support soil development and grassland establishment

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第2期26卷 353-360页

作者： xue sheng-guo Department of Biological Sciences and Bernal Institute University of LimerickCo. School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University

Rehabilitation(amendment and vegetation establishment)on bauxite residue is viewed as a promising strategy to stabilize the surface and initiate soil ***,such approaches are inhibited by high pH,high exchangeable sodium(ESP)and poor nutrient *** with gypsum is effective in improving residue physical and chemical properties and promoting seed establishment and *** of organics(***)can address nutrient deficiencies but supplemental fertilizer additions may be required.A series of germination bioassays were performed on residue to determine candidate species and optimum rehabilitation application *** field trials assessed establishment of grassland species Holcus lanatus and Trifolium pratense as well as physical and chemical properties of amended *** up monitoring over five years assessed elemental content in grassland and species *** co-application of the amendments several grassland species can grow on the *** time other plant species can invade the restored area and fast growing nutrient demanding grasses are *** species can establish within a 5 Yr period and there is evidence of nutrient *** pH,sodicity and nutrient deficiencies are the major limiting factors to establishing grassland on *** restoration several plant species can grow on amended residue.

关键词： bauxite residue substrate amendment soil development soil formation in bauxite residue vegetation establishment

Soil formation in bauxite residue: The most promising way to large-scale and ecological disposal

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第2期26卷 265-267页

作者： xue sheng-guo School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University

Aluminum is an important basic raw material for national economic *** alumina industry has been expanding rapidly due to the increasing demand for *** residue is a highly alkaline solid by-product generated when alumi... 详细信息

关键词： bauxite residue promising way ecological disposal

秸秆-磷石膏联用对赤泥的腐殖质组分和微生物群落的影响

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第2期31卷 460-476页

作者：吴昊朱轩郅唐崇俭黄诗蔚孙伟江钧朱锋杨兴旺 RONAN Courtney 薛生国 School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Life Sciences Schrodinger BuildingUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

腐殖化过程是赤泥土壤化及堆场生态修复的重要环节。本研究采用腐殖质分级和高通量测序技术,探究了秸秆和磷石膏联用对赤泥腐殖质组分和微生物群落的影响。结果表明,秸秆-磷石膏联用显著增加赤泥胡敏酸和富里酸含量,提高微生物群落多样... 详细信息

腐殖化过程是赤泥土壤化及堆场生态修复的重要环节。本研究采用腐殖质分级和高通量测序技术,探究了秸秆和磷石膏联用对赤泥腐殖质组分和微生物群落的影响。结果表明,秸秆-磷石膏联用显著增加赤泥胡敏酸和富里酸含量,提高微生物群落多样性和丰富度,促进赤泥腐殖化过程。施用秸秆后,赤泥中葡萄糖苷酶、纤维素水解酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶分别升高7.15~8.76倍、5.64~7.12倍、2.69~4.57倍和2.59~4.24倍,显著增加Devosiaceae、Rhizobiaceae、Flavobacteriaceae、Caulobacteraceae和Cellvibrionaceae等具有纤维素降解和固氮功能微生物类群相对丰度,提高微生物群落稳定性。研究结果为外源生物质促进腐殖质累积、驱动赤泥成土进程提供科学依据。

关键词：赤泥秸秆腐殖质组分微生物群落赤泥土壤化

Uptake and accumulation of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soils by Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 817-822页

作者： XU sheng-you CHEN Ying-xu LIN Qi WU Wei-xiang xue sheng-guo SHEN Chao-feng Department of Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Department of Resource and Environment Huangshan University Huangshan 245000 China

Phytoremediation has long been recognized as a cost-effective method for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from soil. A study was conducted to investigate the uptake and accumulation of PAHs in root and shoot of Lolium perenne L. Pot experiments were conducted with series of concentrations of 3.31-378.37 mg/kg for phenanthrene and those of 4.22-365.38 mg/kg for pyrene in a greenhouse. The results showed that both ryegrass roots and shoots did take up PAHs from spiked soils, and generally increased with increasing concentrations of PAH in soil. Bioconcentration factors（BCFs） of phenanthrene by shoots and roots were 0.24- 4.25 and 0.17-2.12 for the same treatment. BCFs of pyrene by shoots were 0.20-1.5, except for 4.06 in 4.32 mg/kg treatment, much lower than BCFs of pyrene by roots （0.58-2.28）. BCFs of phenanthrene and pyrene tended to decrease with increasing concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil. Direct uptake and accumulation of these compounds by Lolium perenne L. was very low compared with the other loss pathways, which meant that plant-promoted microbial biodegradation might be the main contribution to plant-enhanced removal of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil. However, the presence of Lolium perenne L. significantly enhanced the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soil. At the end of 60 d experiment, the extractable concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene were lower in planted soil than in non-planted soil, about 83.24%-91.98% of phenanthrene and 68.53%-84.10% of pyrene were removed from soils, respectively. The results indicated that the removal of PAHs in contaminated soils was a feasible approach by using Lolium perenne L.

关键词： phytoremediation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) phenanthrene and pyrene uptake and accumulation

Dynamic change and diagnosis of physical, chemical and biological properties in bauxite residue disposal areas

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第2期26卷 410-421页

作者： guo Ying ZHU Feng WU Chuan TIAN Tao xue sheng-guo School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University School of Agriculture and Food Sciences the University of Queensland

Vegetation encroachment occurred in bauxite residue disposal area(BRDA)following natural weathering processes,whilst the typical indicators of soil formation are still *** samples were collected from the BRDA in Central China,and related physical,chemical and biological indicators of bauxite residue with different storage years were *** indicators of soil formation in bauxite residue were selected using principal component analysis,factor analysis,and comprehensive evaluation to establish soil quality diagnostic index model on disposal *** natural weathering processes,the texture of bauxite residue changed from silty loam to sandy *** pH and EC decreased,whilst porosity,nutrient element content and microbial biomass *** identified minimum data set(MDS)included available phosphorus(AP),moisture content(MC),C/N,sand content,total nitrogen(TN),microbial biomass carbon(MBC),and *** soil quality index of bauxite residue increased,and the relative soil quality index decreased from 1.89 to 0.15,which indicated that natural weathering had a significant effect on improveing the quality of bauxite residue and forming a new soil-like *** diagnostic model of bauxite residue was established to provide data support for the regeneration on disposal area.

关键词： bauxite residue disposal area soil properties minimum data set diagnostic indices natural weathering soil formation in bauxite residue