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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第1期55卷 81-89页

作者： CHEN YunMin xu xiaobing ZHAN LiangTong MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Tian Hua Architecture Planning Engineering Limited Shanghai 200233 China

Based on first-order kinetics of hydrolysis process, biodegradation of municipal solid waste （MSW） is assumed to obey a first-order decay equation which can take the direct effect of water content on biodegradation into account. Hydraulic model is an unsaturated-saturated flow model using mass conservation equations for fluids. Mechanical compression of MSW is ex- pressed by a stress-age coupled compression model. Through above models, a one-dimensional （I-D） bio-hydro-mechanical coupled model is established to analyze solid-liquid-gas interactions in landfilled MSW. Values of all the model parameters for current typical Chinese MSW are determined. Numerical analysis of a hypothetical waste sample in a closed system shows that gas pressure and gas concentration is extremely large which might cause severe gas explosion problem. Total gas production is about 267.0 m3 per wet ton of fresh wastes. For another hypothetical landfilled MSW layer, the coupled model predicts a dis- sipation of gas pressure during passive gas collection process. Annual gas production is large at the beginning of biodegradation, and then decreases with time. Surface settlement of the wastes increases quickly initially and then becomes stable with a compression strain of about 0.32 after 20 years.

关键词： municipal solid waste solid-liquid-gas interaction gas generation settlement

Effect of intracellular water release on hydro-mechanical behaviors of high kitchen waste content municipal solid waste

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第11期62卷 1907-1915页

作者： xu xiaobing NI Da CHEN YunMin xu Hui YANG QinFeng xu SiFa Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Institute of Geotechnical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Civil Engineering&Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China The Architectural Design&Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co.Ltd Hangzhou 310028China

The release of intracellular water during degradation process contributes to the great leachate production and settlement of landfilled high kitchen waste content MSW(HKWC-MSW). An oven-drying and absorbent-paper combined method was proposed to measure the intracellular and interparticle water contents of HKWC-MSW. Two degradation experiments were carried out to study the release process of intracellular water and its effect on the hydro-mechanical behaviors of *** was found that the two degradation experiments showed similar degradation behaviors with BOD/COD decreasing with time in the early stage. In the first degradation experiment, most intracellular water was released during the first two months, and the degradation of degradable matter in kitchen waste(KW) was much slower than the release process of intracellular water. The particle size became smaller and the overall grain specific gravity increased during the fast release process of intracellular *** the second degradation experiment, after two-year degradation, the total leachate production was about 45.2% of the initial wet weight of HKWC-MSW specimen. Water retention capacity θ_f increased from 0.23 to 0.58 during 1–69 d, which might be caused by the decrease of particle size and compression of waste skeleton. As almost all the intracellular water was released after 80-day degradation, during the latter stage of leachate drainage under gravity, θ_f decreased and was close to the total volumetric water content. The total compression strain was about 0.39. The secondary compression strain during 1–80 d(i.e., about 0.07)was considered to be mainly resulted by the release of intracellular water and the subsequent drainage of leachate, and it accounted for about 22.6% of the total secondary compression strain.

关键词： municipal solid waste landfill degradation intracellular water particle size grain specific gravity water retention capacity settlement

Heterogeneous destruction of the North China Craton： Coupled constraints from seismology and geodynamic numerical modeling

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第5期61卷 515-526页

作者： Kun WANG Liang ZHAO xiaobing xu Jianfeng YANG State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The prevailing academic view regards mantle flow and the metasomatism triggered by the subduction of the Pacific plate as the cause and mechanism for the destruction of the North China Craton(NCC). However, the geodynamic destruction process remains ambiguous, necessitating detailed information at this stage. Combining the structural images obtained by the exploration of dense seismic arrays and the geodynamic simulations inspired by numerical modeling, this paper arrives at the following conclusions: the spatial variation of the P-and S-wave velocities, as well as their velocity ratio in the mantle transition zone, are key evidences of the nonuniform dehydration of the Pacific plate, the subducted plate induces hot upwellings in the mantle transition zone(MTZ), resulting in the heterogeneous distribution of the melt/fluid beneath the craton, characterized by small scale anomalies in the seismic velocity field, and as revealed by dense seismic array observation, the heterogeneities in the upper mantle structure and deformation are the synthetic results of lithospheric strain localization and the heterogeneous distribution of the melt/fluid. It is known that the nonuniform dehydration of the Pacific slab and the heterogeneous distribution of the melt/fluid have occured in the Cenozoic. If these scenarios could have already occurred in the Early Cretaceous, their interaction with the NCC lithosphere would be the dynamic mechanism for the heterogeneous lithospheric destruction of the NCC. The inference in this study is significant for further reconciling the multidisciplinary evidences in the NCC.

关键词： North China Craton Heterogeneity Seismic tomography Numerical modeling

Indication from finite-frequency tomography beneath the North China Craton： The heterogeneity of craton destruction

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第9期61卷 1238-1260页

作者： xiaobing xu Liang ZHAO Kun WANG Jianfeng YANG State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101 China

We picked new traveltime residual datasets in three frequency bands （0.02%）. 1,0.1-0.8, and 0.8-2.0 Hz） for P-waves from 793 teleseismic events and two frequency bands （0.02-0.1 and 0.1-0.8 Hz） for S-waves from 310 teleseismic events, recorded by 389 permanent stations of the China National Seismic Network and 832 broadband stations of 10 temporary arrays deployed in the North China Craton （NCC） region. The final datasets are composed of 65628 P-arrivals and 47050 S-arrivals. Based on previous research and our team＇s 2012 tomographic work, we constructed new three-dimensional P-velocity and S- velocity models of the NCC through some improvements, such as augmenting a much denser station coverage in the western NCC, considering the incident angle effect in crustal correction and using a multi-frequency joint inversion tomographic technique. The new velocity models provide several salient features, from which we draw possible inferences on regional dynamic processes. We observed high-velocity anomalies in the mantle transition zone （MTZ）. Obvious morphological het- erogeneities suggest buckling and/or fragmentation of the subducted Pacific slab, and some of the slab materials are visible below 660-kin discontinuities. The velocity structure of the eastern NCC is dominated by small-scale lateral heterogeneities. At shallow depths, high-velocity anomalies beneath the southern part of the eastern NCC and the Yanshan region likely represent a remnant of cratonic lithosphere, which may suggest that the NCC destruction is spatially non-uniform. We also detected a high-velocity anomaly in the Sulu Orogen extending downward to -300 kin, which is seemingly controlled by the Tan-Lu Fault. The northern boundary of this anomaly spatially coincides with the Yantai-Qingdao-Wulian Fault, and is likely a remnant of the Yangtze cratonic lithosphere subducting northwestward. Significant low-velocity anomalies imaged beneath the central NCC show a spatial discordance between their north

关键词： Upper mantle Mantle transition zone Finite frequency Multi-frequency joint inversion Wet upwellings Weak zones

Time-delay concept-based approach to maintenance scheduling of HV cables

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High Voltage 2020年第6期5卷 724-730页

作者： Jing Yuan Wenjun Zhou xiaobing xu Yanqun Liao Chengke Zhou School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China Zhuhai Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Limited Liability Company ZhuhaiPeople's Republic of China School of Engineering and Built Environment Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK

The associated daily maintenance effort and cost has been increasing with the growing use of high-voltage (HV) cable circuits. This study proposes a time-delay concept-based approach to maintenance scheduling of individual HV cable components, to allow periodicity of inspection to be optimised with consideration of time-delay interval between the instant of defect inception and final failure. Here, the progress from a defect to its resultant final failure can be represented as a two-stage process, one being a stochastic process of defect arrival and the other being a delay-time interval from defect to failure. Then an optimisation model is established to schedule maintenance activities based on the two statistical processes, where the objective function is set as the minimal maintenance cost. Cable circuits are divided into five components in accordance with the objects of inspection and testing. The components within different service ages are considered individually in the statistical models, and their accumulate failure numbers during each service year are used to automatically formulate and update periodicity of inspection. To illustrate the feasibility of the approach proposed, theoretical analysis on thousands of cable circuits are carried out. Results show that the economic expenditure could be reduced by 22.2% after optimisation.

关键词： service delay approach

Comparison of settlement behaviors of high-food-waste-content(HFWC) and low-food-waste-content(LFWC) MSWs and assessment of their prediction models

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第12期62卷 2271-2292页

作者： xu Hui QIU HaoLei ZHU Guang ZHAN LiangTong ZHANG ZhenYing xu xiaobing CHEN YunMin WANG YuZe School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China MOE Key Laboratory of Sofi Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Engineering Durham UniversiyLower MountjoySouth RoadDurham DHI 3LEUK

Settlement behaviors of high-food-waste-content(HFWC) and low-food-waste-content(LFWC) municipal solid wastes(MSWs) respectively from developing and developed countries were characterized and compared based on a great number of experimental datasets from references. Fresh HFWC-MSW generally has larger primary compression ratio compared to fresh LFWC-MSW, due to the release of a large amount of intra-particle water contained in food waste under additional stresses. The slopes of strain-logarithmic time curves with respect to the three secondary compression phases are characterized as "slightsteep-slight" for LFWC-MSWand "moderate-moderate-slight" for HFWC-MSW. It is difficult to distinguish the first two phases of the secondary compression in strain-logarithmic time curves for HFWC-MSW. The entropy method was built to evaluate the performance and applicability of nine published settlement models based on the settlement datasets of four large-scale experiments. The computational simplicity, the fitting performance, the prediction performance and the parametric stability were taken as the four criterions in the entropy method. Based on the evaluation results, the models proposed by Sowers et al.(1973)and Gourc et al.(2010) are recommended for predicting settlement at LFWC-MSW landfills, while the hyperbolic model and the Chen et al.(2010) model are recommended for HFWC-MSW landfills.

关键词： municipal solid waste(MSW) settlement behaviour high food waste content(HFWC) low food waste content(LFWC) entropy method settlement model assessment

Influence of extreme shallow jacked box tunnelling on underlying metro tunnels:A case study

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Underground Space 2023年第5期12卷 234-250页

作者： xiaobing xu Lei Tong Zhuofeng Li Xingwang Liu Qi Hu Hongbo Yao Junyi Li School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Zhejiang Institute of Architectural Design and Research Hangzhou 310030China Dongtong Geotechnical Technology Co. LtdHangzhou 310000China Hangzhou Xiaoshan Transportation Investment Group Co. LtdHangzhou 311201China

The application of jacked box tunnelling for underground passages has grown rapidly in recent years in *** this study,the design of an extreme shallow jacked box tunnel traversing the underlying metro tunnels was *** innovative additional soil filling above the ground surface was carried out to overcome the overlying-soil-carrying effect of the extreme shallow jacked box *** structural safety of metro tunnels during the jacking process was analyzed through in-situ *** indicated that the overlying-soil-carrying effect was successfully *** metro tunnels generally showed horizontal displacement towards the receiving shaft,uplift and horizontal stretch during the jacking *** stop of jacking machine in front of obstacles generally contributed to the decrease of horizontal displacement,uplift and horizontal stretch of metro *** largest horizontal displacement(1.3–1.6 mm),uplift(1.5 mm)and horizontal convergence(1.6–1.8 mm)generally occurred when the reception of jacking machine was completed,and they all met the requirement of 2 mm for this *** design and construction of this shallow jacked box tunnel project could provide references for future similar projects.

关键词： Box tunnel Metro tunnel Soil filling Displacement Convergence

Remnant Paleoproterozoic Subduction or Lithospheric Drip Initiation at the Yilgarn Craton Margin:Constraints from P-wave Tomography

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第S01期98卷 72-74页

作者： xu xiaobing WANG Kun YANG Dinghui ZHAO Liang YUAN Huaiyu Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100086China ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeNSW 2109Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting University of Western AustraliaCrawley PerthWA 6009Australia

The Paleoproterozoic was a critical time in whether modern-style plate tectonics had become globally dominant(e.g.,Wan et al.,2020).The Capricorn Orogen witnessed the assembly of the Pilbara and Yilgarn Cratons and an exotic microcontinent,the Glenburgh Terrane,to form the West Australia Craton(WAC)through two collisional orogenic events,the 2215–2145 Ma Ophthalmian and 2005–1950 Ma Glenburgh Orogenies(Johnson et al.,2013;Fig.1).Compared to other Proterozoic orogenic belts in Australia,the Capricorn Orogen preserves‘complete'opposing continental margin successions,together with intervening arc fragments associated with oceanic closure and foreland basins associated with collisional loading(Cawood et al.,2009).

关键词： P-wave tomography finite-frequency method subduction Capricorn Orogen

Two New Supramolecular Hybrids Based on Bi-capped Keggin {PMo12V2O42} Clusters and Transition Metal Mixed-organic-ligand Complexes

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2015年第2期31卷 179-186页

作者： DUAN Weijie JIAO Shihui LIU xu CHEN Jinlei CAO xuan CHEN Yan xu Wei CUI xiaobing xu Jiqing PANG Guangsheng State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changehun 130012 P. R. China

Two supramolecular compounds [Cu（imz）2][Cu（phen）（imz）]2{[Cu（phen）]2[PMo6^VIMo6^VV2^IVO42]}（1） and [Co2（2,2＇-bpy）4（C2O4）][Co（2,2＇-bpy）3][PMo7^VIMo5^VV2^IVO42]（2,2＇-bpy）0.5.H2O（2）（phen=1,10＇-phenanthroline, imz= imidazole, 2,2＇-bpy=2.2＇-bipyridine） have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by elemental analyses, infrared spectrum, UV-Vis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, electron spin resonance（ESR） spectra, thermogravimetry analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that both the compounds represent the examples of compounds based on the bi-capped Keggin polyoxoanion {PMo12V2O42} and transition metal mixed-organic-ligand coordination complexes. Compound 1 consists of bi-capped Keggin polyoxoanion [PMo12V2O42]5 supported copper coordination groups, which are further interconnected with two types of copper complex fragments forming a 3D supramolecular framework via π-π stacking, C-H…O and N-H…-O hydrothermal bonding interactions. Compound 2 is a new hybrid consisted of polyoxoanion [PMo12V2O42]^4-, [Co2（2,2＇-bpy）4（C2O4）]^2＋ and [Co（2,2＇-bpy）3]^2＋. There are no direct interactions in compound 2, but the polyoxoanions together with two different cobalt complex groups construct a 3D supramolecular network through C-H…O hydrogen bonding interactions.

关键词： Transition metal mixed-organic-ligand complex Keggin polyoxometalate Hydrogen bond π-π Stackinginteraction

Protective Graphite Coating for Two-Dimensional Carbon/Carbon Composites

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 97-108页

作者： Wei Shi Zhengyi Li xiaobing xu Yingshui Yu Xiaofei Ding Heng Ju School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian116023China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Gongqing Institute of Science and TechnologyJiujiang332020China

Two-dimensional carbon/carbon(2D C/C)composites are a special class of carbon/carbon composites,generally obtained by combining resin-impregnated carbon fiber clothes,which are then cured and *** study deals with the preparation of a protective coating for these *** coating,based on graphite,was prepared by the slurry *** effect of graphite and phenolic resin powders with different weight ratios was *** results have shown that the coating slurry can fill the pores and cracks of the composite surface,thereby densifying the surface layer of the *** the increase of the graphite powder/phenolic resin weight ratio,the coating density is enhanced while the coating surface flatness decreases;moreover,the protective ability of coating against erosion first increases(from 1:3 to 2:2)and then decreases(from 2:2 to 3:1).When the weight ratio is about 1:1,the coating for 2D C/C composites exhibits the best erosion resistance,which greatly aids these materials during gas *** this case,the erosion rate is decreased by approximately 41.5%at the impact angle of 30°and 52.3%at normal impact,*** can be attributed to the ability of the coating slurry to infiltrate into the substrate,thereby bonding the fibers together and increasing the compactness of the 2D C/C composites.

关键词： Carbon/carbon composites graphite coating microstructure erosion resistance