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Wide Pulse Width Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Rats via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第6期27卷 446-454页

作者： HUANG Xiao-qing xu jin-sen YE Xiao-ran CHEN xuan Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Instrument Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesFuzhou(350003)China Fujian Key Laboratory of Propagated sensation along Meridian Institute of Meridians and Collaterals MedicineFujian Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesFuzhou(350003)China

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the pulse width of electroacupuncture(EA)in the treatment of denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in rats and examine the role of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3 K)/Akt signaling pathway during EA.Methods:Sciatic nerve functional index(SFI),muscle wet weight and the cross-sectional area(CSA)of the gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed after treatment in model rats with EA of various pulse widths(0.5,50,100 and 200 ms).The apoptosis index(AI)and paired box(PAX)3 and PAX7 protein expression were also determined.Further,the mRNA and protein expressions of components of IGF-1/PI3 K/Akt pathway and their downstream targets were determined,along with the inhibiting effect of the pathway with a PI3-specific inhibitor.Results:EA with a pulse width of 200 ms was found to have the best effect with regard to increasing SFI,CSA and muscle weight,decreasing AI,and increasing the expression of PAX3 and PAX7.The IGF-1/PI3 K/Akt pathway was found to be activated by denervation,although the downstream forkhead box O(FoxO)pathway was not suppressed by its activation.The PI3 K/Akt pathway and its downstream molecule mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)were up-regulated further by EA to promote muscle protein synthesis.Meanwhile,the expressions of downstream FoxO and F-box protein 32(ATROGIN-1)were down-regulated to reduce protein degradation.Conclusions:EA with 200-ms pulse width was found to have a more significant effect than 0.5-ms EA.The positive effects of EA disappeared after inhibition of the PI3 K/Akt pathway.

关键词： denervation muscle atrophy electroacupuncture pulse width IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway

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Effects of TAT-SOD at Acupoints on Essential Hypertension by Monitoring Meridians Electrical Potential

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第9期26卷 694-700页

作者： GUO jing-ke xu jin-sen CHEN Tian-bao xu Ming-ming LIU Shu-tao ZHANG Chao-xin KE Li-jing ZHOU Jian-wu WANG Qiang RAO Ping-fan Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences/Zhejiang Gongshang University Joint Centre for Food and Nutrition ResearchZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou(310035)China Acupuncture College Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou(350003)China Natural Drug Discovery Group School of PharmacyQueen's UniversityBelfast(BT97BL)UK College of Oceanology and Food Science Quanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhouFujian(362000)China College of Biological Science and Technology Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou(350108)China Guangzhou Halcyon Technology Ltd. Guangzhou(510630)China Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing(100193)China

Objectives:To investigate the effect on essential hypertension of the topical application of TAT-Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase(TAT-SOD)at left acupoint Zusanli(ST 36),and to observe whether the change of electrical potential difference(EPD)can be related to the change of blood pressure.Methods:Sixteen patients with essential hypertension and 16 healthy subjects were included in the study.EPD between the left acupoints of Yanglingquan(GB 34)and Qiuxu(GB 40)was firstly screened out for the EPD detection.An intracellular superoxide quenching enzyme,TAT-SOD,was topically applied to the acupoint ST 36 within an area of 1 cm^2 once a day,and the influence on EPD was investigated.The dosage applied to TAT-SOD group(n=8)was 0.2 mL of 3000 U/mL TAT-SOD cream prepared by adding purified TAT-SOD to a vehicle cream,while placebo group(n=8)used the vehicle cream instead.The left acupoints of Yanglingquan(GB 34)and Qiuxu(GB 40)were selected for EPD measurement after comparing EPD readings between 5 acupoints on each of all 12 meridians.Results:EPDs between the left acupoints of GB 34 and GB 40 for 16 patients of essential hypertension and 16 healthy subjects were 44.9±6.4 and 5.6±0.9 mV,respectively.Daily application of TAT-SOD for 15 days at ST 36 of essential hypertension patients significantly decreased systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)of 179.6 and 81.5 mm Hg to 153.1 and 74.1 mm Hg,respectively.Responding to the change in blood pressure,EPD between the left acupoints of GB 34 and GB 40 also declined from 44.4 to 22.8 mV with the same trend.No change was observed with SBP,DBP and EPD between the left acupoints of GB 34 and GB 40 with the daily application of the placebo cream.Conclusion:Enzymatic scavenging of the intracellular superoxide at ST 36 proved to be effective in decreasing SBP and DBP.The results reconfirm the involvement of superoxide anions and its transportation along the meridians,and demonstrate that EPD between acupoints may be an indicator to reflect its functioning status.Moreover

关键词： TAT-SOD reactive oxygen species electrical potential essential hypertension acupoints

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电针对急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌电重构的影响及其机制研究

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针刺研究 2024年第2期49卷 155-163页

作者：萨喆燕潘晓华朱小香兰彩莲万隆罗来许金森福建省中医药科学院经络研究所福建省经络感传重点实验室福州350003

目的:探讨电针“内关”通过增强瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)改善急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌电重构的作用机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组、模型组和电针组,每组10只。采用皮下注射异丙肾上腺素(85 mg/kg)诱导急性心肌梗死模型。电针组造模24 h... 详细信息

目的:探讨电针“内关”通过增强瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)改善急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌电重构的作用机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组、模型组和电针组,每组10只。采用皮下注射异丙肾上腺素(85 mg/kg)诱导急性心肌梗死模型。电针组造模24 h后电针左侧“内关”,每次20 min,每日1次,连续5 d。TTC染色观察心肌坏死情况;HE染色观察心肌组织病理形态、测量心肌细胞横截面积;心电图记录ST段高度、QT间期(QT)、校正QT间期(QTc),计算QT间期离散率(QTd)和校正QT间期离散率(QTcd);RNA测序法检测心肌组织钾离子通道相关基因表达差异;实时荧光定量PCR法和Western blot法分别检测心肌组织Kchip2、Kv4.2的mRNA和蛋白表达。结果:TTC染色可见对照组心肌呈红色,模型组大鼠心肌大部分呈白色缺血样改变,电针组仅见心尖处心肌组织呈白色。与对照组比较,模型组大鼠心肌细胞横截面积显著增大(P<0.01),ST段显著抬高(P<0.01),QT、QTc、QTd和QTcd均显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,电针组大鼠心肌细胞横截面积显著减小(P<0.01),ST段显著下降(P<0.01),QT、QTc、QTcd和QTd均显著减少(P<0.01,P<0.05)。RNA测序共筛选出20个3组共同表达的钾离子通道相关基因,电针组与模型组比较,其中Kchip2上调差异倍数最大。与对照组比较,模型组大鼠心肌组织Kchip2、Kv4.2 mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05);与模型组比较,电针组大鼠心肌组织Kchip2、Kv4.2 mRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:电针可改善心肌梗死大鼠心肌电重构,其机制可能与增加Ito主要成分Kchip2、Kv4.2表达有关。

关键词：电针心肌梗死心肌电重构瞬时外向钾电流

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Experimental study of the damage characteristics of rocks containing non-penetrating cracks under cyclic loading

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第2期34卷 197-210页

作者： Jun xu Xiaochun Xiao Lu Ma sen Luo Jiaxu jin Baijian Wu School of Mechanics and Engineering Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China School of Civil Engineering Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China Department of Engineering Mechanics Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

The damage evolution process of non-penetrating cracks often causes some unexpected engineering disasters.Gypsum specimens containing non-penetrating crack(s)are used to study the damage evolution and characteristics under cyclic loading.The results show that under cyclic loading,the relationship between the number of non-penetrating crack(s)and the characteristic parameters(cyclic number,peak stress,peak strain,failure stress,and failure strain)of the pre-cracked specimens can be represented by a decreasing linear function.The damage evolution equation is fitted by calibrating the accumulative plastic strain for each cycle,and the damage constitutive equation is proposed by the concept of effective stress.Additionally,non-penetrating cracks are more likely to cause uneven stress distribution,damage accumulation,and local failure of specimen.The local failure can change the stress distribution and relieve the inhibition of non-penetrating crack extension and eventually cause a dramatic destruction of the specimen.Therefore,the evolution process caused by non-penetrating cracks can be regarded as one of the important reasons for inducing rockburst.These results are expected to improve the understanding of the process of spalling formation and rockburst and can be used to analyze the stability of rocks or rock structures.

关键词： Damage characteristics Constitutive model Fissured rocks Non-penetrating crack Cyclic loading

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Design Framework of Unsourced Multiple Access for 6G Massive IoT

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 1-12页

作者： Chunlin Yan Siying Lyu sen Wang Yuhong Huang Xiaodong xu China Mobile Communication Research Institute Beijing 100053China ZGC Institute of Ubiquitous-X Innovation and Applications Beijing 100080China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

In this paper,ambient IoT is used as a typical use case of massive connections for the sixth generation(6G)mobile communications where we derive the performance requirements to facilitate the evaluation of technical solutions.A rather complete design of unsourced multiple access is proposed in which two key parts:a compressed sensing module for active user detection,and a sparse interleaver-division multiple access(SIDMA)module are simulated side by side on a same platform at balanced signal to noise ratio(SNR)operating points.With a proper combination of compressed sensing matrix,a convolutional encoder,receiver algorithms,the simulated performance results appear superior to the state-of-the-art benchmark,yet with relatively less complicated processing.

关键词： channel coding compressed sensing massive Internet-of-Things(IoT) sparse interleaverdivision multiple access(SIDMA) the sixth generation(6G)mobile communications unsourced multiple access

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The role of intestinal flora on tumorigenesis,progression,and the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 65-82页

作者： sen Wang Benling xu Yangyang Zhang Guangyu Chen Peng Zhao Quanli Gao Long Yuan Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China Department of Immunotherapy Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China

Intestinal flora affects the maturation of the host immune system,serves as a biomarker and efficacy predictor in the immunotherapy of several cancers,and has an important role in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have shown satisfactory results in MSI-H/d MMR CRC but performed poorly in patients with MSS/p MMR CRC.In recent years an increasing number of studies have shown that intestinal flora has an important impact on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy in CRC patients.Preclinical and clinical evidence have suggested that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy can be improved by altering the composition of the intestinal flora in CRC.Herein,we summarize the studies related to the influence of intestinal flora on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy in CRC and discuss the potential underlying mechanism(s).We have focused on the impact of the intestinal flora on the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in CRC and how to better utilize the intestinal flora as an adjuvant to improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.In addition,we have provided a basis for the potential of the intestinal flora as a new treatment modality and indicator for determining patient prognosis.

关键词： Intestinal flora anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy colorectal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor CD8~+T cell

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Complex granular flows of sticky-wet material on flip-flow screens:Calibration of discrete element simulations

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 290-308页

作者： Ningning xu sen Tang Dongdong Lin Runhui Geng Xinwen Wang Xihui Liang School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 5V6Canada

Discrete element method(DEM)is an effective approach for studying the screening process of flip-flow screens.However,there have been few studies focusing on the thick layer of sticky-wet particles on flip-flow screens.To achieve accurate simulations of the thick layer of sticky-wet particles on a flip-flow screen,firstly,the movement law of particle flow was studied,and a multi-regime combination cali-bration method based on characteristics of particle flow regimes was proposed.Based on the Plackett-Burman experiment,the curse of dimensionality caused by multi-state and multi-contact parameters was overcome.Subsequently,the lifting cylinder,rotating drum,and trampoline tests were carried out to obtain macroscopic reference values under various granular flow regimes.The calibration results were then determined using the response surface method and climbing algorithm.Finally,the calibration results were tested at both macroscopic and mesoscopic scales and compared with a commonly used calibration method.The results demonstrate that the calibration method,which considers the multi-state characteristics,improves simulation accuracy by 2%-10%and reduces the simulation error to less than 10%,thus meeting the requirements for engineering optimization of flip-flow screens.

关键词： DEM Complex granular flow Parameter calibration Flip-flow screen Sticky-wet particles Thick layer

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Superior compound coatings prepared by low-temperature vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1828-1835页

作者： Gen jin Fang-Fang xu xun-xun Hu Yue xu School of Chemistry Beihang University Guobiao (Beijing) Testing and Certification Co. Ltd School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University

Superior compound coatings were prepared on CK45 steel surface by vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment in low-temperature salt bath.In this study,the microhardness,the phase constitution and the compositional distribution in the coatings prepared under different conditions were systematically characterized.The results indicated that the reactions among activated vanadium,carbon and nitrogen atoms occurred on the steel surface,leading to the formation of compound coatings composed of outermost and compound layers.The mechanism for the formation of compound layer as well as the growth kinetics of the layer was also discussed.Upon the duplex treatment,the wear and corrosion resistances of steel surface were significantly improved.It was found that the growth kinetics of compound layer obeyed the parabolic law,with the activation energy of 122.82 kJ·mol-1.

关键词： Vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment Compound coatings Microstructure Formation mechanism Growth kinetics

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Deep insight into the B-cell associated tertiary lymphoid structure and tumor immunotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 125-131页

作者： Jilong Yang jin xu Haotian Liu Wanyi Xiao Gengpu Zhang Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Molecular Cancer EpidemiologyTianjin 300060China Department of Anaesthesiology Tianjin University Tianjin HospitalTianjin 300211China

Bod et al.1 recently published a study in Nature that garnered attention to B cell-associated anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy of melanoma and other tumors1.As a promising supplemental immunotherapy to mainstream... 详细信息

关键词： immunotherapy immunity

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From 0D to 3D:Hierarchical structured high-performance free-standing silicon anodes based on binder-induced topological network architecture

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 16-23,I0002页

作者： Yihong Tong Ruicheng Cao Guanghui xu Yifeng Xia Hongyuan xu Hong jin Hui xu Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy Suzhou 215123JiangsuChina Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina

Free-standing silicon anodes with high proportion of active materials have aroused great attention;however,the mechanical stability and electrochemical performance are severely suppressed.Herein,to resolve the appeal issues,a free-standing anode with a"corrugated paper"shape on micro-scale and a topological crosslinking network on the submicron and nano-scale is designed.Essentially,an integrated three-dimensional electrode structure is constructed based on robust carbon nanotubes network with firmly anchored SiNPs via forming interlocking junctions.In which,the hierarchical interlocking structure is achieved by directional induction of the binder,which ensures well integration during cycling so that significantly enhances mechanical stability as well as electronic and ionic conductivity of electrodes.Benefiting from it,this anode exhibits outsta nding performance under harsh service conditions including high Si loading,ultrahigh areal capacity(33.2 mA h cm^(-2)),and high/low temperatures(-15-60℃),which significantly extends its practical prospect.Furthermore,the optimization mechanism of this electrode is explored to verify the crack-healing and structure-integration maintaining along cycling via a unique self-stabilization process.Thus,from both the fundamental and engineering views,this strategy offers a promising path to produce high-performance free-standing electrodes for flexible device applications especially facing volume effect challenges.

关键词： Topological network Self-stabilization Flexibility Free-standing Silicon anode

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