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自治与他律:平台二重性视角下的区块链治理

改革 2020年第8期 68-82页

作者：许荻迪商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院

区块链内部治理基于区块链自身运作,在技术、规则、市场三个层面提供了丰富的工具,在实践中能够起到良好的治理效果,但这些工具在组织和市场层面仍存在一定缺陷。当前各国的区块链外部治理思路大体可分为完全放手、完全禁止、沿用框架... 详细信息

区块链内部治理基于区块链自身运作,在技术、规则、市场三个层面提供了丰富的工具,在实践中能够起到良好的治理效果,但这些工具在组织和市场层面仍存在一定缺陷。当前各国的区块链外部治理思路大体可分为完全放手、完全禁止、沿用框架、重构框架四种类型,现存的外部治理多与区块链内部治理之间缺乏互动与协调。为了建立充分考虑区块链及其内部治理特点并与之协调互动的外部治理,建议采用适度治理、创新治理、底线治理和行为治理的策略。

关键词：区块链内部治理外部治理

共享经济与泛共享经济比较:基于双边市场视角

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改革 2019年第8期 48-60页

作者：许荻迪商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院

随着共享经济的蓬勃发展,越来越多业态被归入“共享经济”范畴,其中一部分被质疑是否是真正的共享经济。在双边市场理论框架下系统梳理共享经济在平台和供需两端的特征,将无法同时满足上述特征而又被约定俗成、实用主义地称为“共享经... 详细信息

随着共享经济的蓬勃发展,越来越多业态被归入“共享经济”范畴,其中一部分被质疑是否是真正的共享经济。在双边市场理论框架下系统梳理共享经济在平台和供需两端的特征,将无法同时满足上述特征而又被约定俗成、实用主义地称为“共享经济”的多种业态划分为“泛共享经济”。对共享经济与泛共享经济的比较发现,共享经济是颠覆式创新,而泛共享经济是改进型创新,当前涌现的泛共享经济可分为分时租赁、实物广告、在线二手交易三类,其本质是传统产业的数字化优化升级。泛共享经济与共享经济在商业模式、文化基因和监管框架上具有较大差异,如混淆两种经济形态,将扭曲资源配置、打击公众信心、干扰监管探索。应对共享经济和泛共享经济在明确定性的基础上实施差异化政策,在充分促进共享经济创新发展的同时,以适宜方式促进泛共享经济健康发展。

关键词：共享经济泛共享经济双边市场创新经济

Study on the Effect of Early Oral Motor Intervention in Preterm Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第2期8卷 191-195页

作者： di xu Na Li Department of Neonatology The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina

Objective:To study the effective value of introducing the concept of early oral exercise in the process of nursing intervention for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).Methods:96 cases of preterm infants diagnosed from January 2022 to August 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups:the general practice group(general nursing intervention),and the early practice group(early oral exercise intervention),and the effect of intervention on preterm infants in the two groups was ***:After nursing care,the mean value of the non-nutritive sucking ability assessment(76.54±5.82),the mean value of the intellectual development degree assessment(104.57±8.45),the mean value of the psychomotor development degree assessment(102.33±6.74),and the mean value of behavioral neural reflexes ability assessment(38.71±2.40)in the early practice group were better than that as compared to the general practice group(Pding start time of preterm infants in the early practice group(35.42±7.63)weeks,the mean value of all oral feeding time(34.12±5.28)weeks,and the mean time of hospital intervention(15.33±4.25)days were lesser than compared to those of the general practice group at 37.4±5.82 weeks,37.46±3.55 weeks,and 20.46±2.91 days,respectively(Pding effect,sucking ability of preterm infants,and intellectual ***,early oral motor care should be popularized.

关键词： Early oral motor intervention Neonatal Intensive care unit Preterm infants Application value

Modulation of starch synthesis in Arabidopsis via phytochrome B-mediated light signal transduction

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 973-985页

作者： Qingbiao Shi Ying Xia Na xue Qibin Wang Qing Tao Mingjing Li di xu Xiaofei Wang Fanying Kong Haisen Zhang Gang Li National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China

Starch is a major storage carbohydrate in plants and is critical in crop yield and *** synthesis is intricately regulated by internal metabolic processes and external environmental cues;however,the precise molecular mechanisms governing this process remain largely *** this study,we revealed that high red to far-red(high R:FR)light significantly induces the synthesis of leaf starch and the expression of synthesis-related genes,whereas low R:FR light suppress these *** phytochrome B(phyB),the primary R and FR photoreceptor,was identified as a critical positive regulator in this *** of phyB,basic leucine zipper transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5(HY5)was found to enhance starch synthesis,whereas the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs(PIF3,PIF4,and PIF5)inhibit starch synthesis in Arabidopsis ***,HY5 and PIFs directly compete for binding to a shared G-box cis-element in the promoter region of genes encoding starch synthases GBSS,SS3,and SS4,which leads to antagonistic regulation of their expression and,consequently,starch *** findings highlight the vital role of phyB in enhancing starch synthesis by stabilizing HY5 and facilitating PIFs degradation under high R:FR light ***,under low R:FR light,PIFs predominantly inhibit starch *** study provides insight into the physiological and molecular functions of phyB and its downstream transcription factors HY5 and PIFs in starch synthesis regulation,shedding light on the regulatory mechanism by which plants synchronize dynamic light signals with metabolic cues to module starch synthesis.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana HY5 light signal phyB PIFs starch synthesis

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低碳经济与钢铁工业

钢铁 2010年第3期45卷 1-12页

作者：徐匡迪中国工程院北京100088

气候变暖除自然原因（火山、太阳活动等）外，还受到工业革命250多年来，应用化石燃料大量排放温室气体的影响。钢铁工业以碳冶金为基础，生产过程的CO2排放（以下按国际惯例简称为碳排放）占全球总量的5％～6％。中国因处于工业化、城... 详细信息

气候变暖除自然原因（火山、太阳活动等）外，还受到工业革命250多年来，应用化石燃料大量排放温室气体的影响。钢铁工业以碳冶金为基础，生产过程的CO2排放（以下按国际惯例简称为碳排放）占全球总量的5％～6％。中国因处于工业化、城镇化的中期，钢铁产销量大，故钢铁工业的碳排放已达到全国总排放的15％左右。在2020年前各国钢铁工业的主要对策是长流程节能减排，与扩大电炉炼钢为核心的短流程。中国钢铁工业的燃料比与国际先进水平相比尚有15％～20％的差距，有较大减排空间。同时，还应考虑高炉炉气循环，及重整后的焦炉煤气从高炉炉身喷入，通过H2／CO气体的间接还原，进一步降低碳排放10％～20％。到21世纪中叶（2050年左右），当可再生能源及核能成为一次能源的主流时，有可能推出“氢还原”一下一代钢铁生产技术。

关键词：低碳经济钢铁工业

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中国特钢生产60年

钢铁 2014年第7期49卷 2-7页

作者：徐匡迪中国工程院北京100088 中国金属学会北京100711

从特钢的概念入手,概述了新中国特钢生产的历史沿革,包括新中国成立之初的国民经济恢复时期、"一五"和"二五"期间中国特钢系统建成雏形时期,改革开放以后迎来特钢的大发展即装备大型化与工艺现代化时期。最后,讲了中国特钢在满足国民经... 详细信息

从特钢的概念入手,概述了新中国特钢生产的历史沿革,包括新中国成立之初的国民经济恢复时期、"一五"和"二五"期间中国特钢系统建成雏形时期,改革开放以后迎来特钢的大发展即装备大型化与工艺现代化时期。最后,讲了中国特钢在满足国民经济现代化和先进装备制造业方面的进展。

关键词：特钢超高功率电弧炉炉外精炼不锈钢

Histological and single-nucleus transcriptome analyses reveal the specialized functions of ligular sclerenchyma cells and key regulators of leaf angle in maize

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 920-934页

作者： Qibin Wang Qiuyue Guo Qingbiao Shi Hengjia Yang Meiling Liu Yani Niu Shuxuan Quan di xu Xiaofeng Chen Laiyi Li Wenchang xu Fanying Kong Haisen Zhang Pinghua Li Bosheng Li Gang Li State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in WeifangWeifangShandong 261325China State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China

Leaf angle(LA)is a crucial factor that affects planting density and yield in ***,the regulatory mechanisms underlying LA formation remain largely *** this study,we performed a comparative histological analysis of the ligular region across various maize inbred lines and revealed that LA is significantly influenced by a two-step regulatory process involving initial cell elongation followed by subsequent lignification in the ligular adaxial sclerenchyma cells(SCs).Subsequently,we performed both bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing,generated a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region,and identified numerous genes enriched in the hypodermal cells that may influence their specialization into ***,we functionally characterized two genes encoding atypical basic-helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors,bHLH30 and its homolog bHLH155,which are highly expressed in the elongated adaxial *** analyses revealed that bHLH30 and bHLH155 positively regulate LA expansion,and molecular experiments demonstrated their ability to activate the transcription of genes involved in cell elongation and lignification of *** findings highlight the specialized functions of ligular adaxial SCs in LA regulation by restricting further extension of ligular cells and enhancing mechanical *** transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region at single-nucleus resolution not only deepens our understanding of LA regulation but also enables identification of numerous potential targets for optimizing plant architecture in modern maize breeding.

关键词： planting specialized angle

Decarburization of Fe-C Melt by Pressured Oxygen

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2004年第1期11卷 5-8页

作者： JIANG Guo-chang LU Xiong-gang LU Li-ming CHEN Jian-xiong diNG Wei-zhong CHOU Kuo-chi xu Kuang-di Shanghai University

According to the principle of electromagnetism and hydrodynamics, a mathematical model of flow field for metallic fluid acted by electromagnetic and centrifugal forces was established. The calculation results showed that the relative velocity between metallic fluid layers rises and the absolute rotational velocity of metallic fluid falls with the increase of magnetic induction intensity. The increase of centrifugal revolution hardly affects the relative velocity between metallic fluid layers, but can enhance the absolute rotational velocity of metallic fluid.

关键词： metallic fluid flow field electromagnetic force centrifugal force

Cloning and Expression of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Gene Coding for TbpA and Development of an Indirect TbpA-ELISA

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第10期7卷 1267-1273页

作者： LIANG Wang-wang HE Qi-gai CHEN Huan-chun xu di-ping WU Rui ZHANG Rong-rong National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P.R.China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064 P.R.China

This study presents the cloning and expression of gene encoding transferrin-binding protein A from Actinobacillus pleuropneurnoniae in Escherichia coli expression system and the development of an indirect TbpA-ELISA. The gene coding TbpA was amplified from the A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 genome using polymerase chain reaction and cloned to pET-28b expression vector under the control of strong, inducible T7 promoter. The recombinant plasmid was expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）. The expressed fusion protein was analyzed using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The diagnostic potential of recombinant TbpA （rTbpA） was evaluated through an antibody-detection indirect ELISA based on the purified rTbpA. The TbpA antibodies were detectable in mice on day 7 after vaccination with purified rTbpA protein or infection with A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 10 with the TbpA-based ELISA. In addition, the TbpA-ELISA was able to detect 12 serotyping rabbit antisera postinoculation （PI） with A. pleuropneumoniae 12 serotypes experimentally. The comparable result was obtained by detecting the 117 clinical serum samples using, respectively, the TbpA-ELISA and indirect hemagglutination test （IHA） based on multiplex antigen. The result indicates that the TbpA-ELISA was the more sensitive method compared with the Mix-IHA method because of its consistent presence in A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes. In conclusion, the conserved TbpA of A. pleuropneumoniae can be used for the development of a cross-serotype diagnostic method for the detection of antibodies against A. pleuropneurnoniae.

关键词： Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae transferrin-binding protein diagnose