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Identification of Cu in <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>Tissue Using the Technique of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2021年第3期11卷 51-62页

作者： xochitl patricia urrutia-meza Fabio Felipe Chalé-Lara Rogelio Ortega-Izaguirre Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada U. Altamira Altamira México

The analysis of metals in aquatic organisms is of great importance due to the health problems they can cause to be consumed by human beings. In this study, the Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique is evaluated as an alternative method to identify Cu in Crassostrea virginica oysters’ tissue. It focuses on the characterization of oysters caught a natural bank and the identification of different Cu concentrations. To carry out experimentation, oyster samples were collected in autumn (October 2017) and spring (May 2018) from San Andres Lagoon, Aldama, Tamaulipas. A single pulse Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) was used, and tissue was contaminated with 0, 2, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/g of Cu. In tissue were identified atomic lines for Ca, Cr, Mg, Mn, Na, N, O, and H. However, the intensities of emission lines for autumn samples were greater than spring samples. Cu emission lines at 324.6, 327.1, 510.3, 515.1, and 521.5 nm were found for contaminated pills. The intensity of emission lines showed a linear increase with the concentration;whereby, they can be used as calibration curves to quantify Cu concentrations in oyster tissue.

关键词： LIBS Crassostrea virginica Heavy Metals

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Levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,TGF-β,and IL-6 in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and hyperinsulinemia

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第1期3卷 17-23页

作者： Luis A.Salazar xochitl Garcia-Samper Susana Alcazar-Leyva patricia Gorocica Eduarda Ceron María Cristina Negrete-Garcia Luis F.Montano Noe Alvarado-Vásquez Department of Cell and Tissue Biology Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Department of Gastroenterology H.R.“Lic.Adolfo López Mateos”Institute of Security and Social Services for State WorkersMexico CityMexico Institute of Scientific Research“Hans Selye” QueretaroMexico Department of Biochemistry National Institute of Respiratory Diseases“Ismael Cosio Villegas”Mexico CityMexico

Background: Previous evidences support to inflammatory process associated with the IR those important factors in the development of fibrosis and hepatic damage in patients with HCV infection. Objectives: Determine the presence of immunological or histological differentces between hyperinsulinemic and non-hyperinsulinemic chronic HCV-infected patients with at least 10 years of evolution. Material and Methods: The body mass index, Child-Puigh score, liver function tests, and biochemical profile were evaluated in 30 control, 40 chronic HCV-infected patients with hyperinsulinemia, and in 40 normoinsulinemic chronic HCV-infected patients with at least 10 years of evolution. In addition, HCV genotype and viral load were established with the Amplicor System. In addition, nitrites in plasma, and TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and insulin levels were determined. Results: No differences were found in BMI, Child-Pugh “A” scores, ALT, viral load, or genotype between the hyperinsulinemic (>25 IU/ml) and normoinsulinemic ( Hyperinsulinemia patients had a higher HOMA- IR value (13.6) than normoinsulinemia patients (3.4), and none had a glycemia > 126 mg/dl. Cy- tokines concentration did not show differences with respect to controls. Nitrites showed a slight increase only in patients with HCV infection. Conclusions: Absence of changes in the proinflammatory cytokines concentration or in some inflammation markers in chronic HCV patients with hyperinsulinemia suggests that long-term insulin levels, in presence of HCV, cannot explain by themselves the hepatic alterations observed in the patient with HCV infection, the presence of others elements (alcoholism, cirrhosis, etc.) is necessary to onset hepatic damage in these patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Inflammation Hyperinsulinemia Nitric Oxide Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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