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Freely accessible inventory and spatial distribution of large-scale landslides in Xianyang City,Shaanxi Province,China

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Earthquake Research Advances 2023年第3期3卷 11-18页

作者： Jingyu Chen Lei Li Chong xu Yuandong Huang Zhihua Luo xiwei xu Yuejun Lyu National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

In this study, we used high-resolution optical satellite images on the Google Earth platform to map large-scale landslides in Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, China. After mapping, a comprehensive and detailed large-scale landslide inventory that contains 2 924 large-scale landslides was obtained. We analyzed the spatial distribu-tion of landslides with seven influencing factors, including elevation, slope angle, aspect, curvature, lithology, distance to a river, and distance to the fault. Landslide Number, Landslide Area, Landslide Number Density(LND), and Landslide Area Percentage(LAP) were selected as indexes for the spatial distribution analysis. The results show that the number and area of landslides in the elevation range of 1 000–1 200 m is the highest. The highest number of landslides was observed in the slope angle of 25°–30°. North-facing slopes are prone to sliding. The area and number of landslides are the largest when the slope curvature ranges from-1.28 to 0. The LND and LAP reach their maxima when the slope curvature is less than-2.56. Areas covered by the Tertiary stratum with weakened fine-grained sandstone and siltstone show the highest LND and LAP values. Regarding distance to a river, the LAP peaks in the range of 300–600 m, whereas the LND peaks in an area larger than 2100 m. The values of LND and LNP rise as the distance from the faults increases, except for the locations 30 km away from active faults. This phenomenon is because active faults in this area pass through the plain areas, while landslides mostly occur in mountainous areas. The cataloging of landslide development in Xianyang City provides a significant scientific foundation for future research on landslides. In addition, the spatial distribution results are useful for landslide hazard prevention decisions and provide valuable references in this area.

关键词： Xianyang City Loess Plateau Google Earth GIS Landslide spatial distribution

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天津市五大道历史文化街区声景营造研究

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景观设计 2024年第1期22卷 32-36页

作者：许熙巍杨紫瑶李会娟汤岳天津大学建筑学院天津大学建筑学院城市规划系中国电建集团建筑规划设计研究院有限公司英国诺丁汉大学建筑与环境学院

历史文化街区是集中展现地域传统文化的特色空间,针对性的声景营造有助于传递文化信息并增强人们对历史文化的感知。天津市五大道历史文化街区具有历史生活延续性、历史声景可考性和历史阶段代表性的特点,通过挖掘历史声景、评估现状声... 详细信息

历史文化街区是集中展现地域传统文化的特色空间,针对性的声景营造有助于传递文化信息并增强人们对历史文化的感知。天津市五大道历史文化街区具有历史生活延续性、历史声景可考性和历史阶段代表性的特点,通过挖掘历史声景、评估现状声景,识别其现有问题。基于人的体验与感受,通过梳理声景营造的流程与分区,提出优化策略,探索声景与视景的协同发展路径,综合提升五大道历史文化街区的环境舒适度与历史感知度。

关键词：声景声景营造历史文化街区五大道保护与利用

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Seismotectonics of the 2008 and 2009 Qaidam Earthquakes and its Implication for Regional Tectonics

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第2期87卷 618-628页

作者： CHEN Guihua xu xiwei ZHU Ailan ZHANG Xiaoqing YUAN Renmao Yann KLINGER Jean-Mathieu NOCQUET Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Tectonics Observatory California Institute of Technology Earthquake Administration of Shanghai Municipality Earthquake Administration of Qinghai Province Institut de Physique du Globe CNRS Geoscience Azur

Three magnitude 〉6 earthquakes struck Qaidam, Qinghai province, China, in November 10th 2008, August 28th and 31st 2009 respectively. The Zongwulongshan fault has often been designated as the active seismogenic structure, although it is at odd with the data. Our continuous GPS station （CGPS）, the Xiao Qaidam station, located in the north of the Qaidam basin, is less than 30 km to the southwest of the 2008 earthquake. This CGPS station recorded the near field co-seismic deformation. Here we analyzed the co-seismic dislocation based on the GPS time series and the rupture processes from focal mechanism for the three earthquakes. The afiershocks were relocated to constrain the spatial characteristics of the 2008 and 2009 Qaidam earthquakes. Field geological and geomorphological investigation and interpretation of satellite images show that the Xitieshan fault and Zongwulongshan fault were activated as left lateral thrust during the late Quaternary. Evidence of folding can also be identified. Integrated analyses based on our data and the regional tectonic environment show that the Xitieshan fault is the fault responsible for the 2008 Qaidam earthquake, which is a low dip angle thrust with left lateral strike slip. The Zongwulongshan fault is the seismogenic fault of the 2009 earthquakes, which is a south dipping back thrust of the northern marginal thrust system of the Qaidam basin. Folding takes a significant part of the deformation in the northern marginal thrust system of the Qaidam basin, dominating the contemporary structure style of the northern margin of the Qaidam basin and Qilianshan tectonic system. In this region, this fault and fold system dominates the earthquake activities with frequent small magnitude earthquakes.

关键词： Qaidam earthquakes seismotectonics Xitieshan fault Zongwulongshan fault structure style

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Longling-Lancang fault zone in southwest Yunnan, China——A newly-generated rupture zone in Continental crust

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第4期45卷 376-379页

作者： QUO Shunmin XIANG Hongfa ZHOU Ruiqi xu xiwei DONG Xingquan ZHANG Wanxia Institute of Geology China Seismological BureauBeijing 100029China Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province Kunming 650041China

The Longling-Lancang fault zone, consisting of sets of en echelon or clustered faults, is a newly-generated rupture zone. it is characterized by the distribution of active faults, earthquake faults and earthguakes in zones. Formed in the Early-Middle Pleistocene, stili active in the late, it moves dextrally and extensionally. it tends to cut off the locked segments and discontinuous segments at first, then pervades totally along the zone, accompanied by strong earthguakes.

关键词： southwest Yunnan fault zone newly-generated rupture zone.

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Rupture segmentation and slip partitioning of the mid-eastern part of the Kunlun Fault,north Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第11期54卷 1730-1745页

作者： LI ChenXia xu xiwei WEN xueZe ZHENG RongZhang CHEN GuiHua YANG Hu AN YanFen GAO Xiang Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration National Center of Active Fault Studies Beijing 100029 China Lanzhou Seismological Institute of China Earthquake Administration Lanzhou 730000 China Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610041 China

The Kunlun Fault, an active fault on the border between the Bayan Har and Kunlun-Qaidam blocks, is one of the major left lateral strike-slip faults in the Tibetan Plateau. Previous research has not reached a consensus on agreeable slip rates along much of its length and the slip rate gradient along the eastern part, both of which play critical roles in a range of models for the eastward extrusion and thickened crust of the Tibetan Plateau. New slip rates have been determined at sites along the eastern part of the Kunlun Fault by dating deposits and measuring atop displaced fluvial terrace risers. Field investigations and interpretation of satellite images reveal geometrical features of the fault and the late Quaternary offset, new earthquake ruptures and surface-rupturing segmentation, from which long-term slip rates and earthquake recurrence intervals on the fault are estimated. The tectonic geomorphology method has determined that the long-term horizontal slip rates on the Tuosuohu, Maqin and Ma- qu segments from west to east are 11.2±1, 9.3±2, and 4.9±1.3 mm/a while their vertical slip rates are 1.2±0.2, 0.7±0.1, and 0.3 mm/a in the late Quaternary. Results indicate that the slip rates regularly decrease along the eastern -300 km of the fault from 〉10 to 〈5 mm/a. This is consistent with the decrease in the gradient such that at the slip rate break point is at the triple point intersection with the transverse fault, which in turn is transformed to the Awancang Fault. The vector decomposition for this tectonic transformation shows that the western and eastern branches of the Awancang Fault fit the slip-partitioning mode. The slip rate of the southwestern wall is 4.6 mm/a relative to the northeastern wall and the slip direction is 112.1°. The mid-eastern part of the Kunlun Fault can be divided into three independent segments by the A＇nyemaqen double restraining bend and the Xigongzhou intersection zone, which compose the surface rupture segmentation indicators for t

关键词： mid-eastern Kunlun Fault slip rate surface rupture segmentation slip partition paleoearthquake Tibetan Plateau

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Comparative evaluation of SPE methods for biotoxicity assessment of water and wastewater:Linkage between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 33-42页

作者： Jiawei Zhou Shihao Wang xiwei He Hongqiang Ren xu-Xiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Biotoxicity assessment results of environmental waters largely depend on the sample extraction protocols that enrich pollutants to meet the effect-trigger thresholds of ***,more chemical mixture does not necessarily translate to higher combined ***,there is a need to establish the link between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome to standardize extraction methods for biotoxicity assessment of environmental *** study compares the performance of five different extraction phases in solid phase extraction(SPE),namely HLB,HLB+Coconut,C18 cartridge,C18 disk and Strata-X,and evaluated their chemical extracting efficiencies and biotoxicity *** quantitatively assessed cytotoxicity,acute toxicity,genotoxicity,estrogenic activity,and neurotoxicity of the extracts using in vitro bioassays and characterized the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE methods through chemical recoveries of 23 model compounds with different polarities and total organic *** Pareto ranking,we identified HLB+Coconut as the optimal SPE method,which exhibited the highest level of water sample biotoxicity and recovered the most chemicals in water *** found that the biotoxicity outcomes of the extracted water samples significantly and positively correlated with the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE ***,we observed synchronous changing patterns in biotoxicity outcome and chemical extracting efficiencies in response to increasing sample volumes per cartridge(SVPC)during *** findings underscore that higher chemical extracting efficiency of SPE corresponds to higher biotoxicity outcome of environmental water samples,providing a scientific basis for standardization of SPE methods for adequate assessment of biotoxicities of environmental waters.

关键词： Biotoxicity Chemical recovery Solid phase extraction Surface water Wastewater

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Two-dimensional RGO-bridge S-scheme phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions for efficient visible-light photocatalytic treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater

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中国科学:技术科学英文版 2023年第10期66卷 3011-3024页

作者： WANG ZhenZhou xu xiwei DENG Fang DIONYSIOU Dionysios D LI XiBao PENG JunLong LUO xuBiao ZOU JianPing LUO ShengLian National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metal Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering(DChEE)University of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221-0012USA

The design of van der Waals heterojunctions with S-scheme charge transfer pathway is expected to be an effective strategy for improvement of photocatalytic ***,two-dimensional(2D)phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions with reduced graphene oxide as electron bridge(PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I)were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal *** van der Waals interaction endowed 2D PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I with intimate contact interface,lattice match,tunable band structure,and internal electric field,which efficiently promoted interfacial charge separation and enhanced redox ability of photogenerated charge *** a result,the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I van der Waals heterojunctions exhibited superior photocatalytic performance in ciprofloxacin degradation and real pharmaceutical wastewater *** optimized 12%PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I displayed the highest photocatalytic activity with 92%removal of ***,the COD removal efficiency and extent of mineralization of real pharmaceutical wastewater reached 66.9%and 59.8%,respectively,and the biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater was significantly *** photocatalytic mechanism of the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_(5)O_(7)I van der Waals heterojunctions based on the analysis of reactive species,work function,and internal electric field was *** study provides fresh insights into plausible design of S-scheme van der Waals heterojunction to enhance photocatalytic redox ability.

关键词： S-scheme heterojunction van der Waals heterostructure photocatalytic degradation ciprofloxacin energy consumption

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An open-accessed inventory of landslides triggered by the M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake,China on September 5,2022

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Earthquake Research Advances 2023年第1期3卷 37-44页

作者： Yuandong Huang Chenchen Xie Tao Li Chong xu Xiangli He Xiaoyi Shao xiwei xu Tao Zhan Zhaoning Chen National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing100083China Institute of Disaster Prevention Sanhe065201China 107 Geological Team Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals ExplorationChongqing401120China School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

This study constructs a preliminary inventory of landslides triggered by the M_(S) 6.8 Luding earthquake based on field investigation and human-computer interaction visual interpretation on optical satellite *** results show that this earthquake triggered at least 5007 landslides,with a total landslide area of 17.36 km^(2),of which the smallest landslide area is 65 m^(2)and the largest landslide area reaches 120747 m^(2),with an average landslide area of about 3500 m^(2).The obtained landslides are concentrated in the IX intensity zone and the northeast side of the seismogenic fault,and the area density and point density of landslides are 13.8%,and 35.73 km^(-2) peaks with 2 km as the search *** should be noted that the number of landslides obtained in this paper will be lower than the actual situation because some areas are covered by clouds and there are no available post-earthquake remote sensing *** on the available post-earthquake remote sensing images,the number of landslides triggered by this earthquake is roughly estimated to be up to *** study can be used to support further research on the distribution pattern and risk evaluation of the coseismic landslides in the region,and the prevention and control of landslide hazards in the seismic area.

关键词： Luding earthquake Landslide inventory Coseismic landslides Visual interpretation Field investigation

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2008年汶川地震导致的斜坡物质响应率及其空间分布规律分析

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岩石力学与工程学报 2013年第S2期32卷 3888-3908页

作者：许冲徐锡伟中国地震局地质研究所活动构造与火山重点实验室北京100029

提出地震斜坡物质响应率(Response Rate of Seismic Slope Mass Movements,RRSSMM)的概念,然后基于汶川地震滑坡详细编录图,结合汶川地震导致的斜坡物质运动形式(滑坡)的"面积–体积"经验公式,对汶川地震导致的斜坡物质响应率及其空间... 详细信息

提出地震斜坡物质响应率(Response Rate of Seismic Slope Mass Movements,RRSSMM)的概念,然后基于汶川地震滑坡详细编录图,结合汶川地震导致的斜坡物质运动形式(滑坡)的"面积–体积"经验公式,对汶川地震导致的斜坡物质响应率及其空间分布规律开展研究,基于1 km2的正方形网格构建整个震区的地震斜坡物质响应率分布栅格图与等值线图,统计斜坡物质响应率大小与分布面积的关系,揭示地震斜坡物质响应率与分布面积之间的幂律关系。大光包滑坡(汶川地震触发的规模最大的滑坡)处的RRSSMM最大,达到47.923 5 m。RRSSMM超过1 m的区域主要分布在映秀—北川地表破裂南西段(映秀镇与北川县之间)对应的上盘区域,这一区域恰对应着逆冲分量为主的断裂上盘,这表明逆冲断裂对上盘区域发生滑坡的极强烈的控制作用。基于GIS技术与统计学理论,开展不同地震滑坡影响因子控制下的斜坡物质响应率空间分布规律分析,这些因子包括地形因子、地质因子与地震因子,分别为高程、坡度、坡向、斜坡曲率、斜坡坡位、与水系距离、岩性、与震中距离、与北川—映秀断裂距离、沿着北川—映秀断裂距离、地震动峰值加速度(PGA)与地震烈度。分析结果表明,RRSSMM随着坡度、地震烈度、PGA的增加而增加;随着与震中距离、与北川—映秀断裂距离、与水系距离的增加而减少;最大的RRSSMM值高程范围为1 600~1 800 m;最大RRSSMM值对应坡向为E方向;曲率越接近0,RRSSMM越小;坡位为中坡、下坡与谷底的RRSSMM值最高;砂岩、粉砂岩(Z),砂岩、粉砂岩、硅质岩、板岩(∈)这两类岩组是RRSSMM的高值岩性组合;沿着北川—映秀断裂的RRSSMM统计结果表明,逆冲运动习性的断裂比走滑习性的断裂对斜坡物质响应率具有更强烈的控制作用。该研究成果可为汶川地震区的河流与地貌演化、滑坡与泥石流研究等提供基础数据,也可指导其它地震触发的区域群体性滑坡事件的同类研究。

关键词：工程地质汶川地震滑坡编录图地震斜坡物质响应率空间分布规律统计分析

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Sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Banquan pull-apart basin and implications for late Cenozoic dextral strike-slip movement of the Tanlu Fault Zone

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第4期66卷 797-820页

作者： Peng SHU xiwei xu Shaoying FENG Baojin LIU Kang LI Paul TAPPONNIER Xiaojuan DENG Guihua CHEN Nuan XIA Hongtai xu Jingjing QIN Fubing HE Yan MA Rongzhang ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100029China Anhui Earthquake Agency Hefei 230031China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory Anhui Earthquake AgencyMengcheng 233500China National Institute of Natural Hazard Ministry of Emergency Management of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100085China Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake AdministrationZhengzhou 450002China Seismic Hazard Mitigation Center of Shandong Province(Engineering Seismology Research Center of Shandong Province) Ji’nan 250014China Beijing Institute of Geological Survey Beijing 100195China

The Banquan Basin is a pull-apart basin with the largest scale and the most prominent structure due to dextral slip of the Tanlu Fault Zone(TLFZ) in late Cenozoic. The depositional history of the basin records the start time and evolution of the right-lateral strike-slip movement of the TLFZ. This paper studies the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Banquan Basin by seismic reflection exploration, borehole detection and cosmogenic nuclide chronology. We analyze the coupling relationship between the pull-apart basin and the strike-slip fault and discuss the start time and tectonic significance of the right-lateral strikeslip of the TLFZ. Our study indicates that the Banquan Basin has undergone three evolutionary stages: weak rifting during the pre-pull-apart period, strong extension during the syn-pull-apart period and subsidence during the post-pull-apart period. This implies that the TLFZ, which controls the evolution of the basin, experienced an evolutionary process of weak activity,intensified activity and migration of activity toward the central basin. The sedimentary filling of the basin has strong response to the episodic pull-apart and extension of the basin. Lying upon the basement of the basin, a thin layer of Miocene mudstone slowly accumulated due to local rifting before the strong pull-apart event. Along with the dextral slipping and pull-apart process, the basin was filled with alluvial fan facies, fluvial facies and floodplain facies strata from bottom to top. The latest tectonic movement of the TLFZ in the North China Block in late Cenozoic was dominated by episodic dextral strike-slip motion, and this deformation pattern started at 4.01±1.27 Ma. The latest tectonic deformation in North China since late Cenozoic was governed by eastward extrusion and tectonic orogenesis of the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau since late Miocene. The eastward thrusting of the Liupanshan fault zone and sinistral shearing of the Qinling fault zone led

关键词： Banquan Basin Strike-slip movement Pull-apart basin Tanlu Fault Zone North China Plain Start time

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