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Improving Water Use Efficiency of Wheat Crop Varieties in the North China Plain: Review and Analysis

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1243-1250页

作者： MEI Xu-rong zhong xiu-li Vadez Vincent liU Xiao-ying Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use and Disaster Mitigation for Crops/Key Laboratory for Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

The North China Plain （NCP）, one of the most important agricultural regions in China, is facing a major water-resource crisis evoked by excessive exploitation of groundwater. To reduce water use while maintaining high crop production level, improving variety water use efficiency （WUE） is an urgent need, especially because other water-saving measures such as water delivery, irrigation, and agricultural practices have already achieved most possible progresses. Evaluation of variety WUE can be performed accurately at the individual plant level （WUEp）. Reviewing the studies on physiological factors affecting WUE p performed up to date, stomatal conductance was considered to be an important trait associating closely with WUE p . The trait showed a large degree of varietal variability under well-watered conditions. Crop varieties differ highly in sensitivity of stomata to soil and air drying, with some varieties strongly reducing their stomatal conductance in contrast with those lightly regulating their stomata. As a result, difference among varieties in WUE p was enlarged under water deficit conditions in contrast with those under well-watered conditions. The relationship between stomatal conductance and yield depends on water availability of whole growing period in local areas. Usually, large stomatal conductance results in a high yield under good irrigation system, whereas a low stomatal conductance can lead to yield benefit under limited stored soil moisture conditions. In the NCP, winter wheat is the largest consumer of irrigation water, improvement strategies for high WUE aiming at wheat crops are in urgent need. We suggest, for the well-irrigated areas with excessive exploitation of groundwater, the wheat breeding program need to combine medium stomatal conductance （0.35 mmol H2O m-2 s-1 or so）, high carboxylation efficiency, and high harvest index. Areas with partial/full access to irrigation, or infrequent drought, should target wheat varieties with high stomatal

关键词： water use efficiency yield stomatal conductance water deficit

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Maize grain yield and water use efficiency in relation to climatic factors and plant population in northern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3156-3169页

作者： liU Yue-e HOU Peng HUANG Gui-rong zhong xiu-li li Hao-ru ZHAO Jiu-ran li Shao-kun MEI Xu-rong Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding/Maize Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture&Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/lnstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China

Water scarcity has become a limiting factor for increasing crop *** ways to improve water use efficiency(WUE)has become an urgent task for Chinese *** understand the response of different maize populations to changes in precipitation and the effects of changes in maize populations on WUE,this study conducted maize population experiments using maize hybrids with different plant types(compact and semi compact)and different planting densities at 25 locations across *** was found that,as precipitation increased across different locations,maize grain yield first increased and then decreased,while WUE decreased *** the relationship between WUE and the main climatic factors,this study found that WUE was significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation(R(daily mean precipitation)and R(accumulated precipitation))and was positively correlated with temperature(TM(daily mean maximum temperature),T_(M-m)(T_(m),daily mean minimum temperature)and GDD(growing degree days))and solar radiation(Ra(daily mean solar radiation)and Ra(accumulated solar radiation))over different growth *** differences in maize grain yield,WUE and precipitation were found at different planting *** population densities were ranked as follows according to maize grain yield and WUE based on the multi-site experiment data:60000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(2))>90000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(3))>30000 plants ha^(-1)(P_(1)).Further analysis showed that,as maize population increased,water consumption increased significantly while soil evaporation decreased *** differences were found between the WUE of ZD958(compact type)and that of LD981(semi-compact type),as well as among the WUE values at different planting *** addition,choosing the optimum hybrid and planting density increased WUE by 21.70 and 14.92%,respectively,which showed that the hybrid played a more significant role than the planting density in improving WU

关键词： maize climatic factor water utilization characteristics water use efficiency hybrids planting density

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Reconstruction of Allen's type IV fingertip amputation via bilateral unequal-sized hallux osteo-onychocutaneous free flaps:A retrospective study with 5-year follow-up

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第6期27卷 403-409页

作者： xiu-zhong li xiu-Yun Wang Yi-Min Zhou Da-Zhi Yu Hua-Gang Zhang Shu-Jian Hou Ke-Cheng Lao Xiao Fan The 971 Hospital of the People's liberation Army of China Qingdao266071Shandong provinceChina Qingdao Municipal Hospital Qingdao266011Shandong provinceChina Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing100007China

Purpose:The reconstruction of Allen''s type IV fingertip amputation is a clinical *** team designed bilateral unequal-sized hallux osteo-onychocutaneous free flaps for the long-term reconstruction of Allen''s type IV fingertip amputation and conducted a retrospective study with a 5-year follow-up aims to evaluate the effects of this ***:A retrospective analysis with a 5-year follow-up including 13 patients with Allen''s type IV fingertip amputation who were admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to January 2017 was *** patients were treated with bilateral unequal-sized hallux osteo-onychocutaneous free *** operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and complications were recorded,and the survival rate of the transplanted flaps was *** the 5-year follow-up after operation,the nail growth time was recorded and the finger appearance was *** the last follow-up appointment,the length,width,and girth of the reconstructed fingertip and contralateral normal fingertip,range of motion of the reconstructed fingertip and contralateral normal fingertip,Semmes-Weinstein test(for the evaluation of tactile sensation),and two-point discrimination testing results were *** 22.0 software was used for the statistical analysis and the data are presented as mean±***:The mean operation time was(5.62±0.51)h,the mean intraoperative blood loss was(34.15±3.13)mL,and the survival rate of the transplanted flaps was 100%.During the 5-year follow-up,the average nail growth time was(10.14±1.98)months and the average bone union time was(3.78±0.91)*** length,width,and girth of the reconstructed fingertip were(31.52±3.73)mm,(17.82±1.74)mm,and(59.75±3.04)mm,respectively,which did not differ from those of the contralateral normal *** range of motion of the reconstructed fingertip was(12.15±2.79)degrees which is different from that of the contralateral normal *** average tactile sensation evaluated

关键词： Fingertip amputation Toenail flap Free transplantation Plastic surgery

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The study of bioavailability and bioequivalence of oseltamivir in Chinese health volunteers

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沈阳药科大学学报 2008年第S1期25卷 102-103页

作者： li Jing-lai,CUI Meng-cun,WANG Xiao-ying,QIAO Jian-zhong,YUAN Su-lan,ZHANG Zhen-qing,RUAN Jin-xiu,zhong Wu,li Song(Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Beijing 100850,China)

Objective To evaluate the bioavailability and bioequivalence of oseltamivir capsule in Chinese health male *** A randomized,two period,two treatment,two sequence crossover bioequivalence trial was designed,24 Chinese health volunteers were randomly divided into two groups,each group was orally given single dose oseltamivir phosphate(tamifla)or AMMS 607 *** active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate of oseltamivir in the plasma were determined by liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric(LC-MS/MS)*** pharmacokinetics parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated to evaluate the bioequivalence of AMMS 607 and *** Cmax of the AMMS 607 and tamifla were 602.07±153.27 ng·mL-1 and 620.09±132.39 ng·mL-1 respectively;tmax were 4.2±1.1 h and 4.8±1.0 h;t1/2β were 6.60±0.87 h and 6.61±0.83 h;MRT were 10.00±1.77 h and 10.40±1.62 h;AUC0-24 were 6285.88±1083.66 ng·h·mL-1 and 6546.01±1199.32 ng·h·mL-1;Compared with the reference of tamifla capsule,the bioavailability F0-tn of AMMS 607 capsule was 99.5±27.7%.The main pharmacokinetics parameters of AUC0-24,Cmax and Tmax showed no statistically significant difference between the two *** The AMMS 607 capsule and tamifla capsule are bioequivalent.

关键词： oseltamivir oseltamivir carboxylate bioavailability bioequivalence

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磷脂酶D的细胞信号转导作用

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植物生理与分子生物学学报 2005年第5期31卷 451-460页

作者：钟秀丽崔德才李玉中中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所北京100081 山东农业大学生命科学学院泰安271018

磷脂酶D(PLD)是一类重要的跨膜信号转导酶类。分别由一个基因家族的不同成员编码。植物PLD的总体域结构相似,只是不同类型之间在某些单元上有重要差异。它们各具独特的生物化学特性。不同的PLD在不同的胁迫类型启动的特定的细胞过程中... 详细信息

磷脂酶D(PLD)是一类重要的跨膜信号转导酶类。分别由一个基因家族的不同成员编码。植物PLD的总体域结构相似,只是不同类型之间在某些单元上有重要差异。它们各具独特的生物化学特性。不同的PLD在不同的胁迫类型启动的特定的细胞过程中执行独特的细胞信号转导功能。PLD与其它磷脂酶及Ca2+信使之间有交互作用,形成复杂的信号转导网络。这一网络在不同植物种类、器官、组织和细胞类型中表现出特异性。文章最后讨论了PLD研究中有待揭示的问题并展望了今后的发展方向。

关键词：细胞信号磷脂信号磷脂酶D 特异性

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苔藓植物耐旱机制研究进展

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植物学通报 2005年第1期22卷 107-114页

作者：张萍白学良钟秀丽内蒙古大学生命科学院呼和浩特010021 中国农业科学院气象研究所北京100081

耐旱藓类快速脱水并存活的能力可由快速建立起来的对环境变化的耐受机制来反映,保护细胞完整性的组成型机制与修复细胞损伤的诱导机制协同作用使苔藓植物渡过干旱胁迫。再水化时光合系统原初恢复非常迅速;ABA处理可显著改变PSⅡ的生理特... 详细信息

耐旱藓类快速脱水并存活的能力可由快速建立起来的对环境变化的耐受机制来反映,保护细胞完整性的组成型机制与修复细胞损伤的诱导机制协同作用使苔藓植物渡过干旱胁迫。再水化时光合系统原初恢复非常迅速;ABA处理可显著改变PSⅡ的生理特征;基因表达的变化主要由翻译调控引起;脱水组织中贮存mRNPs既保护了mRNAs,又加快了再水化修复速度。山墙藓(Tortularuralis)是耐旱研究较多的一个种,已建立了表达序列文库(EST),将会成为耐旱研究的重要模式植物。

关键词：机制研究修复 RNP 细胞损伤改变基因表达存活耐旱干旱胁迫 ABA

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论教育公平是最重要的社会公平

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江西教育科研 2007年第6期 14-15页

作者：钟秀利杨瑞虹中共江西省委教育工委党校江西青年职业学院

教育公平是社会公平在教育领域的体现,是社会公平的延伸,是实现社会和谐的重要基础。必须以科学发展观为指导,推进教育公平体制机制建设。

关键词：教育公平社会公平和谐社会

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50年来我国自然灾害变化对粮食产量的影响

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自然灾害学报 2005年第2期14卷 55-60页

作者：李茂松李章成王道龙杨修钟秀丽李正李育慧中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所北京100081

根据我国近50年的粮食产量统计资料,分析了各个年代主要粮食作物产量与影响和促进粮食产量的因素(耕地资源、化肥施入量、农机动力、农用水资源、自然灾害)之间的关系,结果表明,自然灾害对我国粮食产量的影响极大,要确保我国粮食生产的... 详细信息

根据我国近50年的粮食产量统计资料,分析了各个年代主要粮食作物产量与影响和促进粮食产量的因素(耕地资源、化肥施入量、农机动力、农用水资源、自然灾害)之间的关系,结果表明,自然灾害对我国粮食产量的影响极大,要确保我国粮食生产的安全,不仅需要有外部资源及投入,而且在粮食生产过程中要积极进行防灾减灾。

关键词：粮食产量自然灾害粮食安全相关性

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基于称重式蒸渗仪实测日值评价16种参考作物蒸散量(ET_0)模型

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中国农业气象 2017年第5期38卷 278-291页

作者：刘晓英李玉中钟秀丽曹金峰袁小环中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室北京100081 北京草业与环境研究发展中心北京100097

参考作物蒸散量(ET_0)的准确估算是作物需水量及区域农业水分供需计算的关键,尽管已提出大量方法,但缺乏基于实测值的严格检验。本文利用北京小汤山2012年称重式蒸渗仪实测日值,检验16个ET_0模型,包括5个综合法、6个辐射法、5个温度法... 详细信息

参考作物蒸散量(ET_0)的准确估算是作物需水量及区域农业水分供需计算的关键,尽管已提出大量方法,但缺乏基于实测值的严格检验。本文利用北京小汤山2012年称重式蒸渗仪实测日值,检验16个ET_0模型,包括5个综合法、6个辐射法、5个温度法模型。依据均方根误差RMSE值,各模型估算效果的排序为FAO79 Penman=1963 Peman>1996 Kimberly Penman>FAO24 Penman>FAO56 Penman-Monteith(PM)>Turc>FAO24 Blaney-Criddle(BC)>DeBruin-Keijman>Jensen-Haise>Priestley-Taylor(PT)>FAO24Radiation>Hargreaves>Makkink>Hamon>Mcloud>Blaney-Criddle(BC)。总体而言,综合法表现最好,其RMSE在1.33~1.47mm·d^(-1),以FAO79 Penman和1963 Penman为最好;辐射法次之,其RMSE在1.48~1.77mm·d^(-1),以Turc最好;温度法检验效果最差,其RMSE在1.50~2.68mm·d^(-1),以FAO24 BC为最好。FAO79Penman和1963 Penman比最好的辐射法和温度法模型的精度分别高10%和13%。综合法、辐射法模型普适性好于温度法的原因在于其均含有影响ET_0的关键因子——辐射或饱和水汽压差VPD。所有模型均具有低蒸发条件下高估、高蒸发条件下低估的阈值特点,综合法及辐射法平均低估0.14mm·d^(-1)和0.33mm·d^(-1),而温度法平均高估0.52mm·d^(-1)。前两类方法 ET_0阈值相对较低,更适于低蒸发力条件,而温度法较适于高蒸发力条件。所有综合法、辐射法模型及温度法的Hargreaves和FAO24 BC法估算值与实测值变化趋势一致,说明模型结构合理,可通过参数校正提高精度;但对于与实测值趋势不吻合的温度法,模型结构尚需优化。VPD和最大湿度RHx是影响综合法、辐射法估算偏差的两大主要因子,其中VPD对低估类模型偏差影响最大,且偏差随着VPD增加而增大;而RHx对高估类综合法模型(1963 Penman、FAO79 Penman)偏差影响最大,且偏差随RHx增加而减小。校正后的PT(1.38)、Makkink(0.83)、Turc(0.014)及Hamon(1.248)系数大于原系数,而Hargreaves(0.0019)和BC(0.192)校正系数低于原系数。此外,PT与Hamon的系数利用最小相对湿度、Turc和Makkink系数利用VPD、Hargreaves和BC系数利用辐射或日照时数能得到最佳估算。FAO56 PM表现不佳(RMSE=1.47mm·d^(-1))的原因与站点气候干燥程度、较低的空气动力项权重有关。后人对原始Penman式的诸多修正并没有显著改善精度,因此建议在类似气候条件地区继续使用老版本Penman式。同时,对FAO56 PM的进一步检验将有助于回答"FAO56 PM是否真正比其它综合法具有优势,在何种气候下表现好,在高蒸发条件下低估是否为普遍现象"等科学问题。

关键词： Penman-Monteith Priestley-Taylor Turc Hargreaves Makkink Blaney-Criddle FAO24 radiation

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High‑Entropy Electrode Materials:Synthesis,Properties and Outlook

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 472-506页

作者： Dongxiao li Chang liu Shusheng Tao Jieming Cai Biao zhong Jie li Wentao Deng Hongshuai Hou Guoqiang Zou Xiaobo Ji College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104People’s Republic of China

High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two *** definition of high-entropy materials has continuously *** the last ten years,the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage,electrocatalysis,and related domains,accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode ***,the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation ***,the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague,and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low-or medium-entropy *** should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy *** this review,the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly ***,the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented,followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis ***,an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided,along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.

关键词： High-entropy Energy storage Electrode materials

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