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面向灰霾减缓的寒地城市规划应对策略——基于三维景观环境的定量研究

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城市规划 2024年第9期48卷 78-87页

作者：吴文唐玉王彦季宪修春亮东北大学江河建筑学院辽宁省城市与建筑数字化技术重点实验室实验教学中心东北大学东北大学文法学院东北大学江河建筑学院

城市灰霾污染日益突出,该问题在寒地城市的采暖季表现更为显著,这通常与城市三维形态、污染源、交通、气象条件等关联密切。聚焦于寒地城市三种颗粒物的空间分布特征,探讨颗粒物分布和扩散的影响机制及规划应对策略。对沈阳四环内典型... 详细信息

城市灰霾污染日益突出,该问题在寒地城市的采暖季表现更为显著,这通常与城市三维形态、污染源、交通、气象条件等关联密切。聚焦于寒地城市三种颗粒物的空间分布特征,探讨颗粒物分布和扩散的影响机制及规划应对策略。对沈阳四环内典型主干道路颗粒物浓度开展监测,并借助ArcGIS平台以及街景图片测算城市三维景观环境,采用机器学习和结构方程模型分析气象、交通、三维景观和污染源四类要素与颗粒物浓度间的关系。结果表明:温度和湿度等气象因子对颗粒物污染的影响最大;绿视率和天空可见度等三维景观因子也是主要影响因素。调控策略包括适当增加街道高宽比,提升界面围合度,天空开阔度以0.5左右为宜,并构建城市通风廊道以减少污染物的聚集和沉积。

关键词： PM污染物浓度供暖季机器学习结构方程模型寒地城市

Spatial Structure of Urban Residents’ Leisure Activities: A Case Study of Shenyang, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第4期31卷 671-683页

作者： MA Liya xiu chunliang School of Geography Science Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China College of Jang Ho Architecture Northeast UniversityShenyang 110169China

The spatial characteristics of residents’ leisure activities not only reflect their demand for urban leisure space but also affect the urban spatial layout. This study takes Shenyang, China as an example and analyzes the characteristics of residents’ leisure activities through questionnaires. On this basis, it uses point of interest data and mobile phone signaling data to identify various types of residential and leisure functional relationships, and uses spatial analysis and community detection to assess the distance characteristics, flow patterns, and community structure of residents’ leisure activities, so as to discuss the spatial structure of residents’ leisure activities in Shenyang. The results showed that: (1) in addition to leisure at home, Shenyang residents mainly went to shopping malls, supermarkets,and parks for leisure activities, and the proportions of residents of the two types of leisure activities were approximately equal;(2) the average distances that residents traveled for shopping and park leisure were near in the middle and far in the periphery, and the travel costs of peripheral residents for centrally located leisure were higher than those for residents in central areas;(3) the flow patterns of the residential-shopping and residential-park functional relationships displayed clustering mode characteristics, and Shenyang presented a significant monocentric structure;and (4) residents’ shopping activities were concentrated in the southern community, and walking in the park activities were concentrated in the western community. Residents’ leisure activities were characterized by centripetal agglomeration,which was prone to problems such as traffic congestion and big city diseases. The spatial expansion process in the city was characterized by obvious directional inheritance and path dependence, and the construction of sub-cities is needed to improve the related service facilities.

关键词： leisure activities travel distance residential-shopping functional relationship residential-park functional relationship community detection

Issues with Spatial Scale in Urban Research

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Chinese Geographical Science 2022年第3期32卷 373-388页

作者： xiu chunliang JIN Ying School of Jangho Architecture Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China School of Humanities and Law Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China

Scale is the range or measurement unit of the characteristics of natural or human ontology in the temporal or spatial dimension and is widely used in daily life and the study of various *** effect pertains to certain laws and characteristics that can only be reflected on a specific scale,so choosing the appropriate scale remains the basic premise of scientific *** concept of the urban spatial system is complex and has the characteristics of scale dependence,and the selection of an appropriate spatial scale is important for the accurate estimation and description of urban *** this paper,we discuss spatial scale in urban research using cases that primarily come from the Chinese experience,provide some examples that demonstrate the importance of appropriate scale in urban research,including urban shrinkage,and highlight problems in spatial ***,we suggest that scale consciousness should be the basic consciousness required in empirical research.

关键词： scale scale effect spatial scale urban research shrinking city

Spatial Mismatch or Not?Evidence from Public Janitors in Xi’an,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第2期31卷 376-386页

作者： CHEN Chen CHENG Lin xiu chunliang LI Jiuquan School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Jangho School of Architecture Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Research on the spatial mismatch experienced by low-income minority residents is ***,spatial mismatch is not necessarily an appropriate term when considering the situation of low-wage workers in cities of northwestern China where there is higher proximity between jobs and housing and lower levels of residential *** paper empirically examines the jobs-housing spatial relationship for one of the most typical low-wage groups,namely,public janitors,in Xi’an,***,the causes of the jobs-housing spatial relationship are discussed in ***-level data based on in-depth interviews and questionnaires,as well as the GIS network analysis method,are used to provide baseline analyses of the jobs-housing spatial *** indicate that there is no jobs-housing spatial mismatch for public janitors in Xi’*** can be implied from the short commuting distance and time.A basic cause is that most public janitors rent low-cost accommodation in villages-in-the-city,and in old residential quarters,near to their places of *** causes lie in off-peak commuting and high sensitivity to commuting distance due to the greater extent of nonmotorized commuting *** conclusions,based on a large number of social surveys,are an illuminating analysis of the spatial mismatch issue among low-wage workers in Chinese cities.

关键词： spatial mismatch jobs-housing spatial relationship commuting distance commuting time low-wage workers Xi’an,Chin

A New Approach to Measurement of Regional Inequality in Particular Directions

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第6期22卷 705-717页

作者： WANG Yang FANG Chuanglin xiu chunliang LIU Daqian Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

Regional inequality is a core issue in geography,and it can be measured by several approaches and ***,the global inequality measures can not reflect regional characteristics in terms of spatiality and non-mobility,as well as correctly explore regional inequality in particular *** conventional between-group inequality indexes can measure the inequality in particular directions,they can not reflect the reversals of regional patterns and changes of within-group ***,we set forth a new approach to measure regional inequality in particular directions,which is applicable to geographic *** on grouping,we established a new index to measure regional inequality in particular directions named Particular Direction Inequality index(PDI index),which is comprised of between-group inequality of all data and between-group average *** can reflect regional spatiality and non-mobility,judge the main direction of regional inequality,and capture the changes and reversals of regional *** used the PDI index to measure the changes of regional inequality from 1952 to 2009 in *** results show that:1) the main direction of China's regional inequality was between coastal areas and inland areas;the increasing extent of inequality between coastal areas and inland areas was higher than the global inequality;2) the PDI index can measure the between-region average gap,and is more sensitive to evolution of within-region patterns;3) the inequality between the northern China and the southern China has been decreasing from 1952 to 2009 and was reversed in 1994 and 1995.

关键词： regional inequality inequality indexes PDI index particular directions China

Non-coordination in China′s Urbanization: Assessment and Affecting Factors

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第6期23卷 729-739页

作者： SUN Pingjun SONG Wei xiu chunliang LIANG Zhenming School of Geography Sciences Northeast Normal University Department of Geography and Geo-sciences University of Louisville

Urbanization is a comprehensive concept, a trinity process that population urbanization, economic urbanization and space urbanization, is based on the interactions and mutual influences among the in which, people are the central and leading players in this process, while economic activities serve as the driving force and space is the carrier-the physical or material setting as well as the product. So the coordination among these processes is crucial for a country or region＇s sustainable development. China is experiencing rapid growth of cities and a surge in urban population, with the basic national condition of many people and little land, which calls for a systematic study of the issue of coordinated urbanization from theoretical, methodological and practical perspectives. Based on the concept of urbanization and non-coordination of urbanization, this article built a quantitative method to identify and evaluate the urbanization and non-coordination of urbanization, and made an empirical analysis in China between 2000 and 2008. The results show that the non-coordination overall level of China＇s urbanization declined during the study period, because population urbanization, economic urbanization, and space urbanization exhibited different trajectories of change. This study also reveals that performance assessment system, household registration system, and urban land expropriation system, etc., are the main affecting factors. At the end, we put forward some suggestions to achieve sustainable development of China＇s urbanization from the aspects of improving the local government＇s obiective function, imolementing the urban plalming svstem, enforcing public particination asnects and so on.

关键词： non-coordination of urbanization coordinated development degree China

Vulnerability of Large City and Its Implication in Urban Planning: A Perspective of Intra-urban Structure

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第2期21卷 204-210页

作者： xiu chunliang CHENG Lin SONG Wei WU Wei School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China Department of Geography and Geosciences University of Louisville Louisville K Y40292 USA

Vulnerability is a new field and analytical tool in the study of urban safety. Analysis and assessment of vulnerability provide a new basis for urban planning. This study constructed a quantitative index system for assessing vulnerability, based on the city′s sensitivity and emergency response capacity. City size, density, and spatial form influence a city′s sensitivity to crises and risks, to which vulnerability is positively related. Levels of socio-economic development, infrastructures, and emergency management contribute to a city′s emergency response capacity, with which vulnerability is inversely associated. Vulnerability of 19 large Chinese cities was assessed. Harbin and Shenzhen demonstrated the highest and lowest vulnerability among 19 cities, while Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou ranked the 5th, the 9th and the 12th. Spatially, northern cities tended to be more vulnerable than southern cities. And the differences in vulnerability among cities were explored based on cities′ physical geography conditions, level of socioeconomic development, infrastructures, regional status, history of disaster, history of urban planning and development, government policies, etc.

关键词： large city vulnerability urban safety urban planning

Siting of Dark Sky Reserves in China Based on Multi-source Spatial Data and Multiple Criteria Evaluation Method

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第6期29卷 949-961页

作者： WEI Ye CHEN Zuoqi xiu chunliang YU Bailang LIU Hongxing Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education) East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China College of Jang Ho Architecture Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Department of Geography University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

With the rapid development of population and urbanization and the progress of lighting technology, the influence of artificial light sources has *** this context, the problem of light pollution has attracted wide *** studies have revealed that light pollution can affect biological living environments, human physical and mental health, astronomical observations and many other ***, organizations internationally have begun to advocate for measures to prevent light pollution, many of which are recognized by the International Dark-Sky Association(IDA).In addition to improving public awareness, legal protections, technical treatments and other means, the construction of Dark Sky Reserves(DSR) has proven to be an effective preventive *** far, as a pioneer practice in this field, the IDA has identified 11 DSRs *** on the DA requirements for DSRs, this paper utilizes NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data and other multi-source spatial data to analyze possible DSR sites in *** land of China was divided into more than ten thousand 30 km × 30 km fishnets, and constraint and suitable conditions were designated, respectively, as light and cloud conditions, and scale, traffic and attractiveness *** a multiple criteria evaluation, 1443 fishnets were finally selected as most suitable sites for the construction of *** found that less than 25% of China is not subject to light pollution, and less than 13% is suitable for DSR construction, primarily in western and northern areas, including Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia.

关键词： Dark Sky Reserves light pollution NPP-VIIRS siting multiple criteria evaluation China

Analysis of Spatial Scale Effect on Urban Resilience:A Case Study of Shenyang,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第6期30卷 1005-1021页

作者： FENG Xinghua LEI Jing xiu chunliang LI Jianxin BAI Limin ZHONG Yexi School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Jangho Architecture College Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Jiangxi Institute of Economic Development Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China School of Architecture and Planning Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130018China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research(Jiangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China

Based on urban physical space and theory of landscape ecology,a triune assessment framework—‘size-densitymorphology’—was constructed in order to analyze the spatial pattern and the scale effect of urban resilience in Shenyang of China in 2015,and to explore the main impact factors of landscape under different spatial scale *** results show that:1)Urban resilience is an optimal combination of the resilience of size,density,and *** urban resilience of Shenyang displays scale effect;the overall resilience level increases with the increase in scale,while the spatial difference and spatial similarity tend to decrease resilience.2)As 2 km,1 km and 2 km are scale inflection points of average value curves for size resilience,density resilience and morphology resilience,respectively in an urban setting;the optimal scale unit of comprehensive resilience is 1 *** 1 km–2 km as the basic spatial scale better depicts overall pattern and detailed characteristics of resilience in *** spatial amplitudes of 0.5 km and 1 km are sensitive points for spatial autocorrelation of morphology and density resilience,size,and comprehensive resilience to scale effect.3)The major landscape factors of urban size and morphology resilience transform with scale *** index(AI)has a significant impact on urban resilience at different scales;its influence increases significantly with the increase in scale.4)The high-level area of comprehensive resilience in Shenyang is the eastern ecological corridor area,while the low value area is the peripheral extension area of the *** promote the overall level of resilience in Shenyang,this paper argues that the construction of ecological infrastructure should be strengthened in the peripheral extension area in a balanced *** the city center,population and building density should be controlled;the intensity of human activities should be reduced;impetus should be placed on landscape heterogeneity;an

关键词： landscape pattern size-density-morphology urban resilience scale effect Shenyang City,China