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Nondestructive technique for identifying nuclides using neutron resonance transmission analysis at CSNS Back-n

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 178-187页

作者： Sheng-Da Tang Yong-Hao Chen Jing-Yu Tang Rui-Rui Fan Qiang Li Gong Li Dong Liu Zheng-Yao Jin xing-zhu cui Tian-Xiang Chen Yi-Wei Yang Rong Liu Han Yi Yang Li Zhen Yang Qi An Hao-Fan Bai Jiang-Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi-Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng-Qi cui An-Chuan Fan Chang-Qing Feng Fan-Zhen Feng Ke-Qing Gao Min-Hao Gu Chang-Cai Han Zi-Jie Han Guo-zhu He Yong-Cheng He Yang Hong Yi-Wei Hu Han-Xiong Huang Wei-Hua Jia Hao-yu Jiang Wei Jiang Zhi-jie Jiang Ling Kang Bo Li Chao Li Jia-Wen Li Xiao Li Jie Liu Shu-Bin Liu Guang-Yuan Luan Chang-Jun Ning Bin-Bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi-Zhou Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Zhao-Hui Song Kang Sun Zhi-Xin Tan Li-Jiao Wang Peng-Cheng Wang Zhao-Hui Wang Zhong-Wei Wen Xiao-Guang Wu Xuan Wu Li-Kun Xie Yong-Ji Yu Guo-Hui Zhang Lin-Hao Zhang Mo-Han Zhang Qi-Wei Zhang Xian-Peng Zhang Yu-Liang Zhang Yue Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Mao-Yuan Zhao Lu-Ping Zhou Zhi-Hao Zhou Ke-Jun zhu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of High-Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China USTC Archaeometry Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron *** resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental composition of an *** back-streaming neutron line(Back-n)is a newly built time-of-flight facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)that provides neutrons in the eV to 300 MeV range.A feasibility study of the NRTA method for nuclide identification was conducted at the CSNS Back-n via two test *** results demonstrate that it is feasible to identify different elements and isotopes in samples using the NRTA method at *** study reveals its potential future applications.

关键词： CSNS White neutron beam NRTA Nuclide identification Nondestructive method

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Experimental investigation of spectral evolution in flash radiation by hypervelocity impact on aluminum plates

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 96-110页

作者： xing Chen Yonggang Lu Zhiwen Li Zhonghua cui Institute of Systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900SichuanChina Chongqing Qianwei Technology Group Co. LtdChongqing 401121China

In this study,a series of hypervelocity impact tests were carried out based on a two-stage light gas gun,and the sequence spectrum and radiation evolution data of the impact products under different impact conditions were *** diameter of the projectile is 3-5 mm,the impact velocity is 3.13-6.58 km/s,and the chamber pressure is 0.56-990 *** spectrum of ejected debris cloud in the 250-310 nm band were obtained using a transient spectral measurement system and a multi-channel radiometer measurement *** test results reveal that the flash radiation intensity increases as a power function with the kinetic energy of the ***,the peak value of the line spectrum decreases as the chamber vacuum degree increases,while the radiation width gradually *** line spectrum in the spectral characterization curve corresponds to the ejected debris clouds splitting phase,which does not produce significant line spectrum during material fragmentation and is dominated by the continuum spectrum produced by blackbody *** will appear one or three characteristic peaks in the flash radiation time curve,the first and second peaks correspond to the penetration phase and the third peak corresponds to the expansion phase of the ejected debris clouds on the time scale,the first and second peaks are more sensitive to the chamber vacuum degree,and when the pressure is higher than 99 Pa,the first and second characteristic peaks will *** radiant heat attenuation of the flash under different impact conditions is significantly different,the attenuation exponent has a power function relationship with the impact velocity and the chamber vacuum degree,while the attenuation exponent has a linear relationship with the diameter of the projectile,the specific expression of the attenuation exponent is obtained by *** findings from this research can serve as a valuable reference for remote diagnostic technologies based on flash radiation characte

关键词： Hypervelocity impact Flash radiation Evolution Spectral characteristics Damage evaluation

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Adverse Effects of Opioid Analgesics in Osteoarthritis Treatment:A Global Meta-Analysis,2000-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第25期6卷 589-596,I0001-I0012页

作者： Heng Jiang xing xing He zhu Tuo Dong School of Public Health Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Osteoarthritis(OA)treatment commonly depends on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid ***,the clinical use of opioids is controversial due to their adverse effects and addiction *** study,drawing on 24 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)with a total of 9,586 patients,thoroughly explored the various side effects associated with opioid use in OA *** results provide additional insight into the non-addictive risks of opioids and may assist clinicians in their judicious use,potentially fostering the advancement of safer treatment *** reducing the risks of misuse and addiction,public health and safety can be enhanced.

关键词： potential thoroughly insight

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Effect of Au/Ni/4H–SiC Schottky junction thermal stability on performance of alpha particle detection

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 482-486页

作者： Xin Ye Xiao-Chuan Xia Hong-Wei Liang zhuo Li He-Qiu Zhang Guo-Tong Du xing-zhu cui Xiao-Hua Liang School of Microelectronics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beljing 100049China

Au/Ni/n-type 4H-SiC Schottky alpha particle detectors are fabricated and annealed at temperatures between 400℃ and 700 ℃ to investigate the effects of thermal stability of the Schottky contact on the structural and electrical properties of the detectors. At the annealing temperature of 500 ℃, the two nickel silicides （i.e., Ni31Sil2 and Ni2Si） are formed at the interface and result in the formation of an inhomogeneous Schottky barrier. By increasing the annealing temperature, the Ni31Sil2 transforms into the more stable Ni2Si. The structural evolution of the Schottky contact directly affects the electrical properties and alpha particle energy resolutions of the detectors. A better energy resolution of 2.60% is obtained for 5.48-MeV alpha particles with the detector after being annealed at 600 ℃. As a result, the Au/Ni/n-type 4H-SiC Schottky detector shows a good performance after thermal treatment at temperatures up to 700℃.

关键词： alpha particle detector silicon carbide thermal stability Schottky barrier

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Electron beam lithography on nonplanar and irregular surfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 1-23页

作者： Chenxu zhu Huseyin Ekinci Aixi Pan Bo cui Xiaoli zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology(WIN) University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada

E-beam lithography is a powerful tool for generating nanostructures and fabricating nanodevices with fine features approaching a few nanometers in ***,alternative approaches to conventional spin coating and development processes are required to optimize the lithography procedure on irregular *** this review,we summarize the state of the art in nanofabrication on irregular substrates using e-beam *** overcome these challenges,unconventional methods have been *** instance,polymeric and nonpolymeric materials can be sprayed or evaporated to form uniform layers of electron-sensitive materials on irregular ***,chemical bonds can be applied to help form polymer brushes or self-assembled monolayers on these *** addition,thermal oxides can serve as resists,as the etching rate in solution changes after e-beam ***,e-beam lithography tools can be combined with cryostages,evaporation systems,and metal deposition chambers for sample development and lift-off while maintaining low *** nanopyramids can be fabricated on an AFM tip by utilizing ice as a positive ***,Ti/Au caps can be patterned around a carbon ***,3D nanostructures can be formed on irregular surfaces by exposing layers of anisole on organic ice surfaces with a focused *** advances in e-beam lithography on irregular substrates,including uniform film coating,instrumentation improvement,and new pattern transferring method development,substantially extend its capabilities in the fabrication and application of nanoscale structures.

关键词： lithography beam coating

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A brief review on the recent development of phonon engineering and manipulation at nanoscales

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 177-206页

作者： Siqi Xie Hongxin zhu xing Zhang Haidong Wang Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Phonons are the quantum mechanical descriptions of vibrational modes that manifest themselves in many physical properties of condensed matter systems. As the size of electronic devices continues to decrease below mean free paths of acoustic phonons, the engineering of phonon spectra at the nanoscale becomes an important topic. Phonon manipulation allows for active control and management of heat fow, enabling functions such as regulated heat transport. At the same time, phonon transmission, as a novel signal transmission method, holds great potential to revolutionize modern industry like microelectronics technology, and boasts wide-ranging applications. Unlike fermions such as electrons, polarity regulation is difficult to act on phonons as bosons, making the development of effective phonon modulation methods a daunting *** work reviews the development of phonon engineering and strategies of phonon manipulation at different scales, reports the latest research progress of nanophononic devices such as thermal rectifiers, thermal transistors, thermal memories, and thermoelectric devices,and analyzes the phonon transport mechanisms involved. Lastly, we survey feasible perspectives and research directions of phonon engineering. Thermoelectric analogies, external field regulation, and acousto-optic co-optimization are expected to become future research hotspots.

关键词： phonon engineering phononic device nanoscale

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Laboratory verification of the Active Particle-induced X-ray Spectrometer(APXS) on the Chang'e-3 mission

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第11期15卷 1893-1904页

作者： Guang-Liang Zhang Chun-Lai Li Xiao-Hui Fu Li-Yan Zhang Cao Ban Han Li Yong-Liao Zou Wen-Xi Peng xing-zhu cui Cheng-Mo Zhang Huan-Yu Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the Chang＇e-3 mission, the Active Particle-induced X-ray Spectrometer（APXS） on the Yutu rover is used to analyze the chemical composition of lunar soil and rock samples. APXS data are only valid are only if the sensor head gets close to the target and integration time lasts long enough. Therefore, working distance and integration time are the dominant factors that affect APXS results. This study confirms the ability of APXS to detect elements and investigates the effects of distance and time on the measurements. We make use of a backup APXS instrument to determine the chemical composition of both powder and bulk samples under the conditions of different working distances and integration times. The results indicate that APXS can detect seven major elements, including Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti and Fe under the condition that the working distance is less than 30 mm and having an integration time of 30 min. The statistical deviation is smaller than 15%. This demonstrates the instrument＇s ability to detect major elements in the sample. Our measurements also indicate the increase of integration time could reduce the measurement error of peak area, which is useful for detecting the elements Mg, Al and Si. However, an increase in working distance can result in larger errors in measurement, which significantly affects the detection of the element Mg.

关键词： deviation rock lunar instrument verification backup rover detecting basalt enough

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Simulation of GaN micro-structured neutron detectors for improving electrical properties

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第2期29卷 414-419页

作者： Xin-Lei Geng Xiao-Chuan Xia Huo-Lin Huang Zhong-Hao Sun He-Qiu Zhang xing-zhu cui Xiao-Hua Liang Hong-Wei Liang School of Microelectronics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China

Nowadays,the superior detection performance of semiconductor neutron detectors is a challenging *** this paper,we deal with a novel GaN micro-structured neutron detector(GaN-MSND)and compare three different methods such as the method of modulating the trench depth,the method of introducing dielectric layer and p-type inversion region to improve the width of depletion region(W).It is observed that the intensity of electric field can be modulated by scaling the trench *** the other hand,the electron blocking region is formed in the detector enveloped with a dielectric ***,the introducing of p-type inversion region produces new p/n junction,which not only promotes the further expansion of the depletion region but also reduces the intensity of electric field produced by main *** can be realized that all these methods can considerably enhance the working voltage as well as *** them,the improvement on W of GaN-MSND with the p-type inversion region is the most significant and the value of W could reach 12.8μm when the carrier concentration of p-type inversion region is 10^17 cm^-***,the value of W is observed to improve 200%for the designed GaN-MSND as compared with that without additional *** work ensures to the researchers and scientific community the fabrication of GaN-MSND having superior detection limit in the field of intense radiation.

关键词： GaN micro-structured neutron detector depletion region electric field

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Prevalence of Cannabis Use around the World:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,2000-2024

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China CDC weekly 2024年第25期6卷 597-604,I0013,I0014页

作者： Qianning Wang Zhen Qin xing xing He zhu Zhongwei Jia National Institute of Health Data Science Center for Drug Abuse Prevention and ControlPeking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina

This study aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of cannabis use to inform drug prevention strategies,policy-making,and resource *** study initially screened 177,843 studies published between January 1,2000,and January 15,2024,using peer-reviewed databases including Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus,Embase,and Cochrane ***,595 studies were identified for data extraction,and 39 of these were selected as country-representative *** among the selected studies was assessed using the chi-squared test and I2 statistic,while sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the *** prevalence of cannabis use varied between 0.42%and 43.90%across 33 European countries,1.40%to 38.12%across 15 North and South American countries,0.30%to 19.10%across 16 Asian countries,and 1.30%to 48.70%across 18 Oceania and African *** pooled prevalence of cannabis use was 12.0%[95%confidence interval(CI):10.0,14.3]in countries where cannabis is legalized,compared to 5.4%(95%CI:4.3,6.9)in non-legalized *** findings indicate that the prevalence of cannabis use has disproportionately increased in most countries with the implementation of medical or recreational cannabis legalization policies and relevant geographic *** efforts are needed to monitor newly cannabis-legalized countries and prevent initial use.

关键词： prevention legal initially

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A single atom photocatalyst co-doped with potassium and gallium for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7027-7038页

作者： Wenan Cai Yuichiro Tanaka xing zhu Teruhisa Ohno Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringKyushu Institute of TechnologyKitakyushu 804-8550Japan College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China

Polymer carbon nitride(PCN)is widely used in ***,pristine PCN has disadvantages such as insufficient visible light absorption and low photogenerated carrier separation efficiency that greatly limited the photocatalytic *** a non-toxic metal,gallium has the potential to solve the defects of *** ions coordinated with nitrogen in carbon nitride to form Ga-N active sites and improved the photocatalytic *** doped potassium ions form a transmission channel for charge redistribution and transfer between adjacent layers,which is beneficial for better separation of photoexcited *** this study,a series of PCN co-doped with gallium and potassium(Ga-K-PCN)were *** experimental results indicated photocatalytic generation of hydrogen peroxide proceeds through the 2e−oxygen reduction reaction ***,Nyquist plots and photocurrent results further proved that the presence of Ga-N sites and potassium ion doping could significantly improve the separation/transfer of intra-planar and interlayer charge carriers and thus enhance photocatalytic *** Ga10-K3-PCN photocatalysts promoted yield of H_(2)O_(2),with reactivity at 28.2μmol/(g·h)and solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency at 0.64%,surpassed that of a typical photo-catalyst based on PCN(0.18%).

关键词： photocatalysis gallium oxygen reduction reaction H_(2)O_(2) production

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