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Low Electrical Resistance Properties of Acupoints:Roles of NOergic Signaling Molecules and Neuropeptides in Skin Electrical Conductance

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第8期27卷 563-569页

作者： MA sheng-xing Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA)Medical Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States

Early studies from several independent laboratories demonstrated that acupoints possess the characteristics of low electrical *** devices are developing to increase the reliability of electrical skin impedance measurements for counteracting the factors including skin dryness,skin thickness,size of the sensing electrode,pressure applied on the electrode,interelectrode distance,room temperature,and *** studies have identified that blood vessels,hair follicles,and nervous components are enhanced in the meridians/acupoints,which represent areas of potentially high neuronal *** evidence shows that nitric oxide(NO)concentrations are enhanced in skin acupoints/meridians.L-arginine-derived NO synthesis modifies skin norepinephrine(NE)synthesis/release in acupoints/meridians,and NO-NE activations play an important role in mediating the skin conductance responses to electrical *** signaling molecules interact with gap junction and transient receptor potential vanilloid *** studies reported that the high conductance at acupoints is a result of the release of the neuropeptides substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide during neurogenic inflammation in the referred pain *** body conditions caused considerable changes in skin conductance or impedance at *** systematic research with an improved equipment and research design to avoid the influencing factors are requested for a definite answer in this field,the results from anatomical and biochemical studies consistently show that acupoints exist higher levels of nervous components,and NOergic signaling molecules and neuropeptides involved in the skin low resistance at *** increased interest in the acupoints/meridians has led to an open-minded attitude towards understanding this system,which is fundamental important to establish the valid aspects of scientific basis of Chinese medicine mechanisms and therapies.

关键词： acupuncture points skin electric resistance nitric oxide norepinephrine transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 neuropeptides

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Stimuli-evoked NOergic molecules and neuropeptides at acupuncture points and the gracile nucleus contribute to signal transduction of propagated sensation along the meridian through the dorsal medulla-thalamic pathways

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期22卷 515-522页

作者： sheng-xing Ma Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA)Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502USA

Numerous studies from different international groups have demonstrated that sensations can be propagated along acupuncture channel *** propagated sensation along the channel pathway(PSCP)can be elicited by electroacupuncture(EA),transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS),manual acupuncture(MA),and heat applied to distal acupuncture points(acupoints).Nitric oxide(NO)levels were reported to be elevated in the gracile nucleus and skin regions near to the EA sites,with higher levels at acupoints associated with an enhanced expression of NO synthase and transient receptor potential vanilloid type *** stimuli,EA,MA,TENS,and heat,have been used to elicit axonal reflexes,which increase local release of NO and neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene related ***,the sensation of PSCP along the body surface occurs only ipsilaterally to the stimulated acupoints in various human studies,which does not support the involvement of the spinal-thalamic pathway,which would involve cross over transmission of the *** gracile nucleus receives ascending input from the sciatic nerve and responds to somatosensory stimulation mainly on the ipsilateral side via the dorsal column *** at Zusanli(ST36)increases NO release and expression of NO synthase mainly in the ipsilateral side of the gracile nucleus,while the cardiovascular effects and analgesic responses to EA at ST36 are changed by influences of l-arginine-derived NO synthesis in the ipsilateral gracile nucleus in *** stimuli-induced release of NOergic molecules and neuropeptides exist high levels in the acupoints,which contain rich neuronal components and blood *** NOergic molecules at acupoints cause axon reflexes during the stimuli,which elevate cutaneous blood *** NOergic molecules and local blood flow may spread over acupoints one after another along the meridian lines differing from nerve pathways following the stimuli to induce *** same types of stimula

关键词： Axon reflex Nitric oxide Biophysical approaches Calcitonin related polypeptide Dorsal funiculus tract Meridian system

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Nitric Oxide Signaling Molecules in Acupoints:Toward Mechanisms of Acupuncture

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第11期23卷 812-815页

作者： MA sheng-xing Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLAMedical Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California at Los Angeles and Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA(90502)United States

Recent clinical trial studies have demonstrated that the effects of acupuncture on pain improvement are small and no difference between acupoints and non-points. Whether acupuncture needles must be inserted in specific points depends on whether acupoint specificity exists that is still not resolved, and is now urgent. Previous anatomical studies have demonstrated that acupoints exist higher number of nerve fibers/trunks, blood vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands as well as density of the gap junction. Recent evidence shows that nitric oxide（NO） level is elevated in the acupoints/meridians and is associated with an enhanced expression of NO synthase endowed with transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1. There is growing evidence from international groups showing that acupuncture induces NO-mediated vasodilatation, which increases local blood flow and allows for a flush of algesic or sensitizing substances, leading to pain relief. Previous studies, using a novel biocapture system, have demonstrated that NOx–（total nitrite and nitrate） and cyclic guanosine monophosphate（c GMP） concentrations are consistently increased over skin acupoints compared to non-meridian control regions（NMCR） in humans. Dermal microdialysis in humans showed that NO-c GMP releases in the subcutaneous tissue of acupoint are higher than those in NMCR and increased by electroacupuncture（EA）. Recent studies have demonstrated that low-frequency electrical stimulation and manual acupuncture with low stimulating force and rate produce an elevation of NO release predominantly over acupoints. In contrast, NO levels over the areas of the skin regions are moderately reduced by high-frequency EA stimulation. The results from anatomical and biochemical studies consistently show that acupoints exist higher levels of NO signaling molecules, and stimulus-evoked NO release is also with a higher level at acupoints. Results suggest that NO signaling molecules contribute to the specificity of acupoints,

关键词： acupoint nitric oxide electroacupuncture manual acupuncture reinforcement methods

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Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of 55NiCrMoV7 hot-work die steel during quenching and tempering treatments

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第4期9卷 520-537页

作者： xing-sheng Yu Chuan Wu Ru-xing Shi Ya-Sha Yuan Luoyang CITIC HIC Casting&Forging Co. LtdLuoyang 471039HenanPeople’s Republic of China National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Oriented Automobile Die&Mould Tianjin University of Technology and EducationTianjin 300222People’s Republic of China CITIC Heavy Industries Co. LtdLuoyang 471039HenanPeople’s Republic of China

55NiCrMoV7 hot-work die steel is mainly used to manufacture heavy forgings in the fields of aerospace and *** study aims to clarify the effects of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the steel,in order to find out an optimal heat treatment scheme to obtain an excellent balance of strength,ductility and *** steel was quenched at temperature from 790℃ to 910℃ followed by tempering treatments of 100–650℃ for 5 *** mechanical property tests were carried out by tensile,impact toughness and *** microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the austenite grains,lath martensite,carbides and fracture *** results show that the quenching temperature mainly influences the austenite grain size and the volume fraction of undissolved carbides(UCs),while the tempering temperature mainly influences the size and morphology of the martensite with a body centered cubic(BCC)and the carbides with a face centered cubic(FCC).The mechanical properties of the steel,including yield and tensile strength,ductility,impact toughness and hardness,get an excellent balance at a quenching range of 850–870*** the tempering temperature increases,the yield and tensile strength and hardness decrease,while the ductility and impact toughness *** variation trends can be further verified by fracture SEM observation and *** with a macro-micro coupled finite element(MMFE)modeling technique,the cooling rate,microstructural evolution and yield strength of the steel were predicted and compared with the tested data.

关键词： Hot-work die steel Microstructural evolution Mechanical properties Heat treatment Macro-micro coupled modeling and simulation

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Numerical simulation on characteristics of COREX shaft furnace with central gas distribution

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第6期26卷 567-577页

作者： xing-sheng Zhang Zong-shu Zou Zhi-guo Luo Department of Ferrous Metallurgy School of Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Multi-metallic Mineral of Education Ministry Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China

A three-dimensional steady-state mathematical model, considering the chemical reactions and transfers of momentum, heat and mass between the gas and solid phases, was developed to investigate the characteristics of the shaft furnace with the central gas distribution (CGD) device. The model was verified by the practical production data of a COREX-3000 shaft furnace, and then, it was used to study the inner characteristics of the shaft furnace with CGD. The results show that, compared with the COREX shaft furnace without CGD, the gas utilization rate (UR) and solid metallization rate (MR) increase from 33.66% to 34.18% and 60.4% to 61.8%, respectively. Especially, the standard deviation of solid MR decreases from 6.9% to 0.8%, which means that the MR of direct reduced iron from the furnace with CGD is more uniform than that without CGD. Additionally, the effects of operational conditions and CGD design on gas UR, solid MR and direct reduced iron uniformity were further discussed and the optimized conditions were suggested.

关键词： COREX shaft furnace Central gas distribution Gas utilization Solid metallization Direct reduced iron uniformity

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Scatter Search Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Earliness/Tardiness Flowshop Scheduling with Uncertainty

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2016年第3期13卷 285-295页

作者： Jia-Can Geng Zhe Cui xing-sheng Gu Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and Technology

Considering the imprecise nature of the data in real-world problems, the earliness/tardiness （E/T） fiowshop scheduling problem with uncertain processing time and distinct due windows is concerned in this paper. A fuzzy scheduling model is established and then transformed into a deterministic one by employing the method of maximizing the membership function of middle value. Moreover, an effective scatter search based particle swarm optimization （SSPSO） algorithm is proposed to minimize the sum of total earliness and tardiness penalties. The proposed SSPSO algorithm incorporates the scatter search （SS） algorithm into the frame of particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm and gives full play to their characteristics of fast convergence and high diversity. Besides, a differential evolution （DE） scheme is used to generate solutions in the SS. In addition, the dynamic update strategy and critical conditions are adopted to improve the performance of SSPSO. The simulation results indicate the superiority of SSPSO in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.

关键词： Earliness/tardiness (E/T) scheduling fuzzy modeling scatter search (SS) particle swarm optimization (PSO).

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A Spring Model for a Cylindrical Interface Layer with Hexagonal SymmetryBetween Two Solids

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Chinese Physics Letters 2000年第4期17卷 277-278页

作者： LIU sheng-xing WANG Yao-Jun State Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093

A unique spring model is established to describe a cylindrical interface layer with hexagonal(or transversely isotropic)symmetry between two solids,which is realized by asymptotically expanding the transfer matrix for the anisotropic *** accuracy of the model is evaluated based on a comparison between the exact and the approximate solutions of the scattering cross sections of an obliquely incident ultrasonic wave from an interface layer with different thickness.

关键词： Spring Solid interface

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Moments of the Time of Ruin,Surplus Before Ruin and the Deficit at Ruin in the Erlang(N) Risk Process

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2006年第4期22卷 599-606页

作者： Yong-sheng xing Rong Wu Mathematics and Information Science College Shandong Institute of Business and Technology Yantai 264005 China School of Mathematics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

In this paper we consider the ＂penalty＂ function in the Erlang（n） risk model. Using the integro- differential equation we established, we obtain the explicit expressions for the moments of Erlang（2） risk model. When the claim size distribution is Light-Tailed and the penalty function is bounded, we obtain the exact representations for the moments of Erlang（n） risk model.

关键词： Penalty function Erlang(n) risk model integro-differential equation light-tailed distribution

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Teleportation of a Three—Particle state via Entanglement Swapping

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2003年第5期39卷 529-530页

作者： FANGJian-xing LINGYin-sheng ZHUShi-Qun CHENXian-Feng SchoolofPhysicalScienceandTechnology SuzhouUniversitySuzhou215006China

A scheme for teleporting a three-particle state is proposed when three pairs of entangled particles are used as quantum channel. After a sender operates the Bell-state measurement, the original state with deterministic probability can be reconstructed when the receiver performs a corresponding measurement with unitary transformation.

关键词： teleportation three-particle state entanglement swapping unitary transformation

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2D-QSAR Studies on Triazolone Compounds Containing Benzenesulfonic Amide

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2007年第8期26卷 883-888页

作者： WEI Qing-Li GAO Jun SUN Dao-xing ZHANG Shu-sheng College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science ＆ Technology Qingdao 266042 China

The geometry structures of 6 triazolone compounds containing benzenesulfonic amide were fully optimized with DFT （Density Functional Theory） method at the B3LYP/6-31G level, and the structural and electronic parameters of the compounds were calculated. The hydrophobic and topological parameters of the title compounds were calculated by HyperChem software. The mono- and bi-parametric models between the parameters and biological activity of the compounds were analyzed by Multiple Linear Regression method based on Hansch-Fujita model. The results show that the activities of the title compounds were increased with higher hydrophobic property logP and molecular volume V, lower molecular energy ETOTAL and electronegative of benzene ring Qph.

关键词： benzenesulfonic amide triazolone compounds 2D-QSAR DFT method

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