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腹膜透析病人营养素养的调查研究

肠外与肠内营养 2024年第3期31卷 172-175,183页

作者：付微微张珊周婷婷于文馨吕桂兰东部战区总医院国家肾脏疾病临床医学研究中心江苏南京210002 第九〇四医院卫勤处江苏无锡214071

目的:分析腹膜透析(PD)病人营养素养现状及其影响因素。方法:选择2023年1至10月在东部战区总医院肾脏病科腹膜透析中心长期随访的病人为调查对象,通过一般资料调查表、营养素养评价量表收集病人一般情况、营养素养现状、实验室及透析相... 详细信息

目的:分析腹膜透析(PD)病人营养素养现状及其影响因素。方法:选择2023年1至10月在东部战区总医院肾脏病科腹膜透析中心长期随访的病人为调查对象,通过一般资料调查表、营养素养评价量表收集病人一般情况、营养素养现状、实验室及透析相关指标等,并对其进行分析。结果:PD病人营养素养水平为(24.49±3.35)分,不同文化程度、透析龄、接受多学科饮食管理次数的营养素养得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);PD病人营养素养与其血钙、左室后壁厚度之间存在负相关,与前白蛋白之间存在正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);以PD病人营养素养总分为因变量,以单因素分析差异有统计学意义的变量和营养素养相关的变量作为自变量进行多元线性回归分析,结果显示:接受多学科饮食管理次数、文化程度、前白蛋白为影响PD病人营养素养的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:PD病人营养素养处于中等水平,早期关注PD病人营养素养水平,提高病人掌握相应的营养知识和自我管理能力的水平,及时采取针对性的干预措施,进而改善PD病人营养状况。

关键词：腹膜透析病人营养素养调查研究

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智能物质的创制与应用

科学通报 2024年第26期69卷 3914-3924页

作者：蒋冯逸邵宇张文彬北京大学化学与分子工程学院软物质科学与工程中心高分子化学与物理教育部重点实验室北京分子科学国家研究中心北京100871 北京智源人工智能研究院北京100084

人工智能的崛起正深刻地影响着我们的社会,也催生出智能物质这一新兴的交叉研究领域.智能物质是由分子组装而成的复杂物质体系,包含传感、存储和驱动基元及其之间的相互作用网络.复杂相互作用导致“涌现”现象的产生,使智能物质能够胜... 详细信息

人工智能的崛起正深刻地影响着我们的社会,也催生出智能物质这一新兴的交叉研究领域.智能物质是由分子组装而成的复杂物质体系,包含传感、存储和驱动基元及其之间的相互作用网络.复杂相互作用导致“涌现”现象的产生,使智能物质能够胜任特定的功能,并可实现自主的学习、适应和进化.目前,智能物质的创制主要有“自下而上”和“自上而下”两种策略,前者通过设计分子基元及其相互作用,构造全新的智能体系;后者通过改造生命体等已有体系,赋予全新的功能角色.智能物质具有独特的应用场景,本文以柔性器件与软体机器人、生物医学应用为例,阐述了智能物质的优势和广阔前景.智能物质的研究是物质科学的机遇与挑战,也是人工智能领域的新方向.

关键词：智能物质分子组装相互作用网络涌现合成生物学软体机器人

埃迪卡拉纪晚期特有化石Shaanxilithes的埋藏学研究:来自华北克拉通和柴达木板块的化石材料

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岩石学报 2024年第11期40卷 3685-3698页

作者：王欣张兴亮刘伟中国地质调查局造山带地质研究中心自然资源部中志留统底界层型剖面-陕西紫阳野外科学观测基地西安地质调查中心西安710054 大陆动力学国家重点实验室陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室西北大学地质学系西安710069 现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所南京210008

布尔吉斯页岩型宏观化石为我们探索早期生命演化以及古代海洋生态系统提供了重要窗口。然而,关于布尔吉斯页岩型化石库的埋藏学研究尚存在较大争议,特别是对于化石相关的黏土矿物成因及其在化石埋藏保存中的作用存在不同理解。鉴于此,... 详细信息

布尔吉斯页岩型宏观化石为我们探索早期生命演化以及古代海洋生态系统提供了重要窗口。然而,关于布尔吉斯页岩型化石库的埋藏学研究尚存在较大争议,特别是对于化石相关的黏土矿物成因及其在化石埋藏保存中的作用存在不同理解。鉴于此,本文通过微观岩石学和电子显微镜对产自我国北方的埃迪卡拉纪晚期非矿化管状化石Shaanxilithes开展化石埋藏学研究。研究显示,Shaanxilithes的保存方式与布尔吉斯页岩型埋藏方式较为相似,即化石可以呈与黏土矿物密切相关的碳质压膜形式保存。研究在一定程度上扩展了布尔吉斯页岩型宏观化石的岩相学分布,即Shaanxilithes化石可以保存在砂岩、粉砂岩、页岩和白云岩等多种类型的沉积岩中。同时,研究认为黏土矿物对于生物非矿化组织的保存起到了至关重要的作用,而这些黏土矿物在随后的成岩作用以及后期的风化作用中经历了一系列的动态转化过程。

关键词：布尔吉斯页岩型化石伊利石埃洛石动态转化陕西迹

New quantification of symmetry energy from neutron skin thicknesses of 48Ca and 208Pb

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第10期35卷 217-225页

作者： Rong An Shuai Sun Li-Gang Cao Feng-Shou zhang School of Physics Ningxia University Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of the Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal University Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of the Ministry of Education Institute of Radiation TechnologyBeijing Academy of Science and Technology Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of the Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou

Precise knowledge of the nuclear symmetry energy can be tentatively calibrated using multimessenger *** neutron skin thickness of a heavy nucleus is one of the most sensitive indicators for probing the isovector components of effective interactions in asymmetric nuclear *** studies have suggested that the experimental data from the CREX and PREX2 collaborations are not mutually compatible with existing nuclear *** this study,we review the quantification of the slope parameter of the symmetry energy L from the neutron skin thicknesses of48Ca *** energy density functionals classified by various isoscalar incompressibility coefficients K were employed to evaluate the bulk properties of finite *** calculated results suggest that the slope parameter L deduced from208Pb is sensitive to the compression modulus of symmetric nuclear matter,but not that *** effective parameter sets classified by K=220 MeV can provide an almost overlapping range of L from48Ca and208Pb.

关键词： Energy density functional Neutron skin thickness Nuclear symmetry energy

Nutrient enrichment driven by canopy rainfall redistribution:Mechanism,quantification,and pattern

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1529-1544页

作者： Chuan YUAN Xiaoping YUE Yafeng zhang Yu zhang Yanting HU Qiang TANG Li GUO Shuai WANG xingwu DUAN wenhua XIANG Xiaohua WEI Xiaoyan LI College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Institute of International Rivers and Eco-securityYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan)KelownaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada

Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow,which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil,influencing soil microbial community,plant survival,and plant community *** advancements in ecohydrological research,the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely *** address this gap,we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022,gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions(including K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NH_(4)^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-))from the Web of Science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure *** aimed to synthesize the mechanisms,quantify the enrichments,and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones,and vegetation types and *** results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits,on average,2.1times greater ion concentration(6.13 mg L^(-1))compared to *** particular,among the investigated ions,SO_(4)^(2-)(12.45and 6.32 mg L^(-1))for stemflow and throughfall,respectively,and Cl^(-)(9.21 and 4.81 mg L^(-1))exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components,while K^(+)(13.7 and 5.8)and Mg^(2+)(5.6 and 2.8)have the highest enrichment *** climate zones,throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid *** the temperature gradient,ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing *** addition,shrubs,conifers,mixed forests,and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees,broad-leaved plants,pure forests,and natural *** findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems,such as urban

关键词： Ecohydrology Rainfall redistribution Nutrients transport Enrichment characteristics Climate zones

Fe和Cu分子筛催化剂同时催化NO_(x)还原和N_(2)O分解

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中国环境科学 2024年第9期44卷 4826-4834页

作者：司庆宇樊星张玮航苗静文刘若雯北京工业大学区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室北京100124

采用离子交换法制备了Fe-Beta和Cu-SSZ-13催化剂并采用不同混合方式制备了复合催化剂,考察了催化剂同时催化NO_(x)还原和N_(2)O分解的性能.以实现NO_(x)和N_(2)O同时高效去除、拓宽活性温度窗口为目标,优选出了上Fe下Cu分层填充、Fe-Bet... 详细信息

采用离子交换法制备了Fe-Beta和Cu-SSZ-13催化剂并采用不同混合方式制备了复合催化剂,考察了催化剂同时催化NO_(x)还原和N_(2)O分解的性能.以实现NO_(x)和N_(2)O同时高效去除、拓宽活性温度窗口为目标,优选出了上Fe下Cu分层填充、Fe-Beta和Cu-SSZ-13质量比为4:1的Fe_(0.4)Cu_(0.1)催化剂,进一步考察了进气组成对NO_(x)、N_(2)O和NH_(3)转化率的影响,并采用N_(2)吸脱附、XRD、NH_(3)-TPD、UV-Vis DRS和H_(2)-TPR等手段对催化剂理化特性进行了表征.结果表明,Cu-SSZ-13和Fe-Beta分别具有更优的催化NO_(x)还原和N_(2)O分解性能.采用Fe_(0.4)Cu_(0.1)催化剂、[NH_(3)]/[NO_(x)]为1时考察的温度范围内NH_(3)仅还原NO_(x),而N_(2)O通过分解去除,450℃时NO_(x)和N_(2)O转化率分别为93.4%和100%.高温(>350℃)下NH_(3)被O_(2)氧化导致NO_(x)转化率随温度升高而降低;高温(≥350℃)下N_(2)O分解形成的氧物种可使NO_(x)在进气中无O_(2)条件下实现高效还原.进气中含2%H_(2)O对高温(450℃)下Fe_(0.4)Cu_(0.1)表面NO_(x)的还原和NH_(3)的氧化无显著影响,但对N_(2)O的转化存在一定的可逆抑制作用.Cu-SSZ-13表面存在大量孤立的Cu^(2+)离子,可为NH_(3)-SCR反应提供充足的活性中心.Fe-Beta表面同时存在能够催化NO氧化的孤立Fe^(3+)离子和催化N_(2)O分解的Fe_(x)O_(y)物种.采用上Fe下Cu分层填充的混合方式时Fe-Beta表面NO氧化过程会消耗N_(2)O分解形成的氧物种,从而有利于低温(≤450℃)下N_(2)O的转化.但由于N_(2)O分解的温度范围内NO_(x)转化率本身较高,NO氧化对于脱硝的促进作用不显著.

关键词： NO_(x)还原 N_(2)O分解 Fe-Beta Cu-SSZ-13 复合催化剂

4~9年级学生社会适应问卷的信效度检验:基于大样本调查研究

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心理与行为研究 2024年第3期22卷 395-401页

作者：郭鑫刘文张嘉琪夏凌翔吴捷王依宁辽宁师范大学心理学院大连116029 西南大学心理学部重庆400715 天津师范大学心理学部天津300387 北京大学心理与认知科学学院北京100871

为进一步检验4~9年级学生社会适应初始问卷的信度和效度,本研究基于大样本数据,通过项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、信度和效度检验,最终形成31个题项六个维度的4~9年级学生社会适应问卷,并采用多组验证性因素分析检验问卷... 详细信息

为进一步检验4~9年级学生社会适应初始问卷的信度和效度,本研究基于大样本数据,通过项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、信度和效度检验,最终形成31个题项六个维度的4~9年级学生社会适应问卷,并采用多组验证性因素分析检验问卷的测量不变性。结果表明,问卷具有良好的信度、效度和测量结构的等值性。该问卷满足心理测量学要求,可以作为测量4~9年级学生社会适应的有效工具。

关键词：社会适应信效度测量等值性留守儿童

Ultrasound-assisted isolation:A new method to isolate stromal vascular fraction

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 8-15页

作者： Yiming Gao Xiaojie zhang Poh-Ching Tan Yun Xie Peiqi zhang Tianyu zhang Qingfeng Li Shuangbai Zhou Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery Shanghai Changzheng HospitalShanghai200003China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200233China

Background:The stromal vascular fraction(SVF),a cluster of stem and progenitor cells isolated from adipose tissue,holds significant promise for application in regenerative ***,the existing methods for SVF isolation are time-consuming and ***,in this study,we explored a new method of SVF extrac-tion-ultrasound-assisted SVF isolation(USASI)-and compared the viability and characteristics of SVF isolated using different ***:SVF extraction methods using different combinations of ultrasound power,ultrasound time,collagenase dosage,and collagenase digestion time were compared with those of the control group(collagenase digestion method).The cell yield and vitality of the SVF were evaluated via cell counting and trypan blue *** cell components and immunophenotypes of freshly isolated SVF were analyzed using flow *** prolifer-ative capacity and differentiation potential of the SVF were also ***:Ultrasonication at 95 W-20 kHz for 30 s followed by digestion with 0.15%collagenase for 30 min was identified as the most suitable parameter for the USASI method in isolating SVF,as recommended based on the evaluation of various tested *** USASI method significantly reduced the collagenase dosage and shortened the digestion *** to the collagenase digestion method,the USASI method had a higher cell yield and cell viability,with no adverse effects on cell components,proliferative capacity,or multipotential differentiation ***:With reduced processing time,lower collagenase dosage,and increased cell yield without impairing the viability and characteristics of SVF,USASI holds the potential to emerge as a time-saving and cost-effective method for future clinical applications.

关键词： Stromal vascular fractions SVF isolation Mechanical force Ultrasound

mTORC2:The“Ace in the Hole”for a Broader Control of Epileptic Seizures?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 677-679页

作者： Shuo zhang Xiongfeng Guo Wei Huang Cenglin Xu Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou310006China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang xinhua Hospital) Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053China

Over 70 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy-one of the most prevalent chronic neurological disorders[1].Despite the availability of over thirty anti-seizure drugs(ASDs)that mainly act on voltage-gated ion channels or inhibitory GABAergic receptors,the effectiveness of these drugs in achieving seizure freedom remains unsatisfactory due to pharmacoresistance and the inevitable occurrence of side-effects.

关键词： drugs spite epilepsy