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Theoretical Epidemiology Needs Urgent Attention in China

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China CDC weekly 2024年第21期6卷 499-502页

作者： Yao Wang Zeyu zhao Jia rui Tianmu Chen State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine LaboratorySchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina

The mathematical method to which theoretical epidemiology belongs is one of the three major methodologies in *** is of great value in diagnosing infectious disease epidemic trends and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and control *** paper aims to summarize the brief history of the development of theoretical epidemiology,common types of mathematical models,and key steps to develop a mathematical *** also provides some thoughts and perspectives on the development and application of theoretical epidemiology in China.

关键词： epidemiology prevention China.

Cobalt-loaded carbon nanotubes boosted aerobic ciprofloxacin transformation driven by sulfide:A comprehensive mechanism investigation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 127-134页

作者： Han-Qing zhao Peili Lu Fei Chen Chen-Xuan Li rui Yan Yang Mu State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment College of Environment and EcologyChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

Sulfide oxidation under aerobic conditions can produce active oxygen for the transformation of organic pollutants in aquatic ***,the catalytic performance of transition metal-supported carbon material on this process is poor *** study found that Co-loaded carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was able to realize the efficient aerobic transformation of antibiotic ciprofloxacin(CIP)by sulfide,with the pseudo-first order reaction rate constant improved from 0.013 h^(-1)without catalyst to 0.44–0.71 h^(-1)with 100 mg/L Co-loaded *** oxygen(^(1)O_(2))was the main active specie playing key roles in the process of CIP aerobic transformation with presence of Co-loaded *** studies indicated that the excellent electron transfer ability of Co-loaded CNTs might play an important role to promote the electron transfer and facilitate the formation of intermediate H_(2)O_(2)and^(1)O_(2).Additionally,the Co-loaded CNTs/sulfide system effectively reduced the acute toxicity of organic pollutant,and Co-loaded CNTs showed remarkable cycling stability and negligible *** study gives a better understanding for the Co-loaded CNTs mediated aerobic antibiotics transformation by sulfide,and provide a reference for the application of Co-loaded carbon materials on organics aerobic transformation by sulfide.

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Aerobic transformation Co-loaded carbon nanotubes Sulfide Singlet oxygen

Natural products inspired[3+2]cycloaddition enables efficient construction of hydroxylated tetrahydrofuran acetals and concise syntheses of lignans

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2306-2313页

作者： Dong-Yue Cai Weiming Shi zhao-Hui Jin Zhi-Xiang Yu Jin-xin zhao Jian-Min Yue State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Mimicking biosynthetic pathways of hongkonoids led to the development of a new Cu(Ⅰ)-catalyzed[3+2]cycloaddition ofα-hydroxyketone andβ-keto enol ethers,affording tetrahydrofuran acetals in a highly diastereoselective manner and 100%atom *** studies on the mechanism disclosed a concerted but asynchronous Michael addition/aldol *** the same importance,this methodology provides a practical biomimetic approach for one-step construction of the dibenzylbutyrolactol lignan backbone starting from two phenyl propane derivatives,opening up a powerful new approach for lignan synthesis,which is showcased by succinct total syntheses of two biologically important aryltetralin-type lignans,β-apopicropodophyllin and *** the mild and operationally simple conditions,the developed chemistry might have a promising prospect in potential industrial applications.

关键词： [3+2]cycloaddition transition-metal catalysis tetrahydrofuran lignans natural products

Waist subcutaneous soft tissue metastasis of rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2412-2419页

作者： Zi-xing Gong Guo-Lei Li Wen-Min Dong zhao Xu rui Li Wen-Xia Lv Jing Yang Zhong-xin Li Wei xing Department of General Surgery Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Medical Imaging Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Gastroendoscopy Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceChina Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma(MAC)is a rare pathological type of rectal can-cer with unique pathological features and a poor *** is difficult to diag-nose and treat early because of the lack of specific manifestations in some aspects of the *** common metastatic organs of rectal cancer are the liver and lung;however,rectal carcinoma with metastasis to subcutaneous soft tissue is a rare *** SUMMARY In this report,the clinical data,diagnosis and treatment process,and postope-rative pathological features of a patient with left waist subcutaneous soft tissue masses were retrospectively *** patient underwent surgical treatment after admission and recovered well after *** final pathological diagnosis was rectal MAC with left waist subcutaneous soft tissue *** Subcutaneous soft tissue metastasis of rectal MAC is rare,and it can suggest that the tumor is disseminated,and it can appear even earlier than the primary ma-lignant tumor,which is occult and leads to a missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis *** a subcutaneous soft tissue mass of unknown origin appears in a patient with rectal cancer,a ma-lignant tumor should be considered.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma Cancer metastasis Subcutaneous soft tissue Hematogenous Case report

Hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of as-cast Ce-Mg-Ni-based alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 752-766页

作者： Yan Qi xin Zhang Jun Li Dong-liang zhao Shi-hai Guo Yang-huan Zhang Department of Functional Material Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China China Rare Earth New Material(Weishan)Co..Ltd. Jining 277600ShandongChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina

The reaction kinetics of alloys based on magnesium are known to be greatly improved by the partial substitution of Mg with rare earths and transition metals,particularly *** enhanced superficial hydrogen dissociation rate,the weakened Mg-H bond and the lower activation energy following element replacement are thought to be related to the better *** experimental alloys Ce5Mg_(95-x)Ni_(x)(x=5,10,15)were smelted by the vacuum induction *** phase transformation and structural evolution of experimental alloys before and after reaction with hydrogen were char-acterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** cast specimens contain CeMg_(12),Mg and Mg_(2)Ni phases,and the increase in Ni content results in an obvious growth of Mg_(2)Ni *** isothermal and non-isothermal hydrogenation and dehydrogenation kinetics of the experimental specimens were investi-gated using the Sievert apparatus,differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric *** activation energy may be calculated using the Arrhenius and Kissinger *** experimental alloys have been shown to have good activation properties,with a reversible hydriding and dehydriding capacities of around 5.0 wt.%in the first *** initial dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2) decreases from 557.5 to 537.7 K with changing Ni content from 5 to 15 at.%.The dehydrogenation activation energy also reduces from 77.09 to 62.96 kJ/mol,which explains the improved hydrogen storage performance caused by Ni *** can be shown that the impact of Ni on the decomposition enthalpy of MgH_(2) is quite modest,with the absolute enthalpy(ΔHr)only decreasing from 78.48 to 76.15 kJ/mol.

关键词： Mg-based alloy Ni content Hydrogen storage kinetics Thermodynamic property Activation energy

Investigation on cavitating turbulent flow for the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil using a PANS model with helicity modification

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 219-231页

作者： Chen Geng zhao-hui Qian Ke-xin Zheng Wei-xiang Ye Xian-wu Luo State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience cand Engineering Deparment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In the present paper,the unsteady cavitating turbulent flow over the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil is investigated based on an modified shear stress transfer k-ωpartially averaged Navier-Stokes(MSST PANS)model,i.e.,new MSST PANS(NMSST PANS)model,where the production term of kinetic energy in the turbulence model is modified with *** with the experimental data,cavitation evolution and its characteristic frequency are satisfactorily predicted by the proposed NMSST PANS *** is revealed that the interaction among the main flow,the reentrant jets,and sheet cavitation causes the formation of the primary shedding cavity near the mid-span and the secondary shedding cavity at each side of the twisted hydrofoil,and further induces the remarkable pressure gradient around shedding *** with the development of the primary and the secondary shedding cavities,the great pressure gradient associated with large cavity volume variation promotes the vortical flow generation and the spatial deformation of vortex structure during cavitation evolution,and results in the primary and the secondary U-type ***,dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)analysis is utilized to confirm the interaction among the main flow,the main reentrant jet and two side reentrant jets,and *** results indicate that the proposed NMSST PANS model is suitable to simulate the complicated cavitating turbulent flow for various engineering applications.

关键词： Cavitating turbulent flow partially averaged Navier-Stokes(PANS)model hydrofoil numerical simulation

Ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress in contrast-induced nephropathy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 17-27,I0002,I0003页

作者： xin Lin xin Lu Yun-He zhao Yi-Bei Wang Ru-Ge Niu Xiao-Hu Chen Department of Cardiology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineJiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu 210004China

Objective:To explore the efficacy and potential mechanisms of the ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot(L.)Medic in contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN).Methods:CIN rat models and human renal proximal tubular cells(HK-2)with iopromide-induced injury were employed to mimic CIN *** effect of Abelmoschus manihot extract on the rat models and HK-2 cells was *** rat models,kidney function,histology,oxidative stress and apoptosis were *** HK-2 cells,cell viability,apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential,and endoplasmic reticulum stress were ***:Abelmoschus manihot extract significantly improved structural and functional impairments in the kidneys of CIN ***,the extract effectively mitigated the decline in cellular viability and reduced iopromide-induced oxidative stress and lipid *** investigations revealed that Abelmoschus manihot extract prominently attenuated acute endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by downregulating GRP78 and CHOP protein ***:Abelmoschus manihot extract can be used as a promising therapeutic and preventive agent in the treatment of CIN.

关键词： Contrast-induced nephropathy Abelmoschus manihot extract ER stress Apoptosis GRP78 CHOP

Therapeutic strategies of targeting nonapoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) with smallmolecule compounds in cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2815-2853页

作者： xin Jin Wenke Jin Linlin Tong Jia zhao Lan Zhang Na Lin Department of Ultrasound Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs School of Life Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Regulated cell death(RCD)is a controlled form of cell death orchestrated by one or more cascading signaling pathways,making it amenable to pharmacological *** subroutines can be categorized as apoptotic or non-apoptotic and play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis,facilitating development,and modulating *** evidence has recently revealed that RCD evasion is frequently the primary cause of tumor *** non-apoptotic RCD subroutines have garnered attention as promising cancer therapies due to their ability to induce tumor regression and prevent relapse,comparable to ***,they offer potential solutions for overcoming the acquired resistance of tumors toward apoptotic *** an increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing these non-apoptotic RCD subroutines,a growing number of small-molecule compounds targeting single or multiple pathways have been discovered,providing novel strategies for current cancer *** this review,we comprehensively summarized the current regulatory mechanisms of the emerging non-apoptotic RCD subroutines,mainly including autophagy-dependent cell death,ferroptosis,cuproptosis,disulfidptosis,necroptosis,pyroptosis,alkaliptosis,oxeiptosis,parthanatos,mitochondrial permeability transition(MPT)-driven necrosis,entotic cell death,NETotic cell death,lysosome-dependent cell death,and immunogenic cell death(ICD).Furthermore,we focused on discussing the pharmacological regulatory mechanisms of related small-molecule *** brief,these insightful findings may provide valuable guidance for investigating individual or collaborative targeting approaches towards different RCD subroutines,ultimately driving the discovery of novel small-molecule compounds that target RCD and significantly enhance future cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Regulated cell death(RCD) Non-apoptotic RCD subroutine Autophagy Ferroptosis Necroptosis Regulatory mechanism Small-molecule compound Cancer therapy

Modulating redox transition kinetics by anion regulation in Ni-Fe-X(X=O,S,Se,N,and P)electrocatalyst for efficient water oxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4720-4728页

作者： Liting Wei Kaini Zhang rui zhao Lei Zhang Yan Zhang Suyi Yang Jinzhan Su International Research Center for Renewable Energy&State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Applied Chemistry Yuncheng UniversityYuncheng 044000China

NiFe-based electrocatalysts will experience dynamical surface reconstruction during oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process,and the derived metal(oxy)hydroxide hybrids on the surface have been considered as the actual active species for *** efforts have been dedicated to understanding the surface reconstruction,but there is rare research on recognizing the origin of improved performance derived from anion species of ***,the OER electrocatalytic characteristics were tuned with different anions in NiFe-based catalyst,using NiFe-based oxides/nitride/sulfide/selenides/phosphides(NiFeX,X=O,N,S,Se,and P)as the model *** combination of X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy,electrochemical tests,operando spectroscopic characterizations,and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,reveals that anion with lower electronegativity in NiFe-based catalyst leads to higher conductivity and delayed valence transition of Ni sites,as well as optimized adsorption behavior towards oxygen intermediates,contributing to enhanced OER ***,NiFeP electrocatalyst demonstrates an ultralow overpotential of 265 mV at 20 mA·cm−2 for OER,as well as long-term *** work not only offers further insights into the effect of anionic electronegativity on the intrinsic OER electrocatalytic properties of NiFe-based electrocatalyst but also provides guide to design efficient non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction(OER) anion species electronegativity valence transition